生物学实验教学方法初探

生物学实验教学，具有形象、直观等特点，而且实验教学的范围很广，作者经过多年的实验教学的实践，通过多式性、并行性、微型性的教学方法的尝试，收到了一定的效果．     

Workforce localization in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: issues and challenges

Despite some progress, the issue of equality at work remains more of an aspiration than achievement for organizations in developed economies across the world. In the UK, the debate on equality at work has been rekindled with a Labour government taking office, in 1997, with a commitment to equality generally and for women specifically. Fuelling the debate is the notion of managing diversity, which has emanated from the USA in recent years. This article seeks to explore the current nature of equality at work in the UK and gauge if managing diversity is in any way manifest in current organizational approaches to equality management. The exploration is rooted in four case-study organizations and is conducted through the lens of key organizational stakeholders. Beyond exposing the contemporary nature of equality at work in the case-study organizations, the empirical work allows the issues involved in the implementation of managing diversity in the UK context to be signalled.     

Confidence Intervals for Gini's Diversity Measure and Shannon's Entropy Using Adjusted Proportions

Abstract

Asymptotic confidence intervals are given for two functions of multinomial outcome probabilities: Gini's diversity measure and Shannon's entropy. “Adjusted” proportions are used in all asymptotic mean and variance formulas, along with a possible logarithmic transformation. Exact confidence coefficients are computed in some cases. Monte Carlo simulation is used in other cases to compare actual coverages to nominal ones. Some recommendations are made.     

Effect of Gender Composition on Group Performance

The effect of gender composition on group performance was investigated over three years using the MARKSTRAT 2 simulation. Senior undergraduates formed groups and competed within five‐firm (group) industries over 10 weeks, as well as submitting group reports on their performances. Performance and report marks were independent of group size and individual performance in other course assessment. Women per group (numbers, percentage, gender ratio) was positively related to simulation performance, with few women‐dominated groups ranking lower than first or second within each industry. Very few all‐men groups achieved first or second rankings. There were no significant correlations between group gender compositions and marks for the group written report. Women's more interactive, people‐oriented and co‐operative work styles apparently facilitate the MARKSTRAT 2 group process and, when combined with men's more analytical decision‐making tendencies and competitive orientation, appear to explain the superior performances of mixed groups. The emergence and utilization of these tendencies within groups are discussed in terms of Social Contact Theory and Competition Theory. Although generalizations from student‐based studies to the workplace is problematic, the results indicate that groups may be more effective when women outnumber or equal men, especially in complex management activities requiring extensive information management and processing, planning and decision‐making over protracted periods.     

人性、文化传统与道德理论的合理性——美国后分析道德理论争论述评

究竟有没有一种作为道德基础的不变的人的本性？道德理论有没有一种建立在人性基础上的惟一的客观性和合理性？我们应当如何看待和说明我们的道德理论和辩护方式的多样性和合理性？这些问题是后现代道德理论争论的焦点，是有着重大的现实理论和实践意义的课题。本文以美国后分析道德哲学的发展、争论为线索，对以上问题作了初步的历史的探讨     

乌江流域古代移民与文化多样性述论

乌江流域是汉、土家、苗、彝、侗、回、布依、仡佬、水和白等族聚居的区域,古代自然移民、政治移民和军事移民造成乌江流域文化的多样性,主要表现为以儒释道为主体的汉文化和灿烂丰富的民族文化。乌江流域古代移民与文化多样性有鲜明的特点:一是古代移民的过程即是文化多样性的形成过程,多样化的文化就是古代移民的必然结果;二是政治因素对乌江流域文化多样性的形成有巨大作用;三是汉文化教育是乌江流域多样文化被汉化的重要推动力量。     

A Privileged Pole? Diversity in Women's Pay,Pensions and Wealth in Britain

Is gender on its own becoming redundant in the analysis of employment experiences? There is a growing interest in economic diversity amongst women within the social sciences, with commentators suggesting, firstly, that a polarization in women's labour market experiences is occurring. Secondly, economic diversity amongst women may even be so distinct that a privileged pole is faring substantially better in wage and occupational terms than most men. This article uses data from the Family Resources Survey to explore these two suggestions. It concludes that the success on the labour market that has been achieved by an economically privileged pole amongst women supports the decline in the power of gender to explain variation in occupational patterns and wages, but it is clear that gender (tempered with awareness of the ways that it is cross‐cut by class, ethnicity and other social divisions) remains an invaluable explanatory variable for our understanding of economic security in its fuller sense, not least in the pension positions of women.     

团队认知多样性、知识共享与团队创新绩效——基于包容性领导的调节效应检验

基于对86个团队的实证调查,探讨团队认知多样性对团队创新绩效的影响,并检验知识共享和包容性领导在以上关系中所起的中介作用和调节作用,层次回归分析结果表明：1）团队认知多样性对团队创新绩效有显著正向影响;2）团队知识共享部分中介了这一正向关系;3）包容性领导对此中介过程有显著的正向调节作用,包容性领导越高,该中介作用越强,反之则不显著。得到的管理启示有：1）为应对创新发展的挑战,团队应考虑员工构成的多样性;2）在团队管理中,领导要能包容成员的认知多样性。     

一多辩证中理解中华民族共同体意识的构建

基于共同性意识构建的铸牢要求命运共同体意义上的吸附力和统摄力,一多辩证的基本问题关怀容括了人群社会之中“一”和“多”问题的共同存在。费孝通所提多元一体格局有着范围上的伸缩性,从个人到民族,再到世界性的存在,这种伸缩范围所体现出来的是从“多元”走向“一体”的过程。共同性意识的建构需要基于多元一体的理解来构造出一体性的中华民族共同体意识。未来世界将会朝向一种互惠共荣的文化自觉,这需要从中国文明立场上看世界不同文化之间存在的多元价值以及人类命运共同体意识构建的可能。从人之向善的共同性追求上寻求共同体价值的实现,这种文化自觉将会有助于以共同性意识构建为基础的中华民族共同体意识在当下的构造与铸牢的实践。     

建设和谐社会、文化多样性与民族教育均衡化发展

本文阐述了民族地区教育均衡化发展的三个方面问题。一是应该从建设和谐社会的高度认识民族地区教育均衡化发展;二是文化是民族地区教育均衡化发展中不可忽视的维度;三是民族文化多样性与民族地区教育均衡化发展应实现良性互动。