The relationship between unit diversity and perceptions of organizational performance in the military

Structural equation modeling techniques are used to examine the relationship between demographic diversity and perceptions of organizational performance in military units. Analyzing data from the Military Equal Opportunity Climate Survey reveals higher female and minority representation reduces females’ and minorities’ perceptions of organizational effectiveness, respectively. Identical factors appear to influence the perceptions of organizational performance across these two subgroups of employees. The results demonstrate the importance of conducting separate analyses for subgroups in examining the effects of demographic diversity on organizational performance.     

The National Health Act

Abstract

While increasing enrolments of international fee-paying students are a feature of the current Australian tertiary system, little research has been undertaken relating to international students studying social work. A national survey of all accredited BSW programs within Australia was undertaken in 1997 with regard to the demographic profile of international students, current provisions for them and perceptions of educators about relevant issues for consideration. The findings of this survey are presented here. Fee-paying international students represented a small proportion of total enrolments within Australian BSW programs in 1997. While educators perceived that these students did have particular educational and social challenges within Australian social work programs, few special considerations were afforded to them, although the literature would encourage us to consider this. Issues relating to the social and cultural construction of Western social work education are discussed, as well as the cultural relevance of Australian social work education for international students intending to practise social work in their countries of origin.     

高校图书馆馆员学术成果应多元化

本文从图书馆的职能、馆员的整体知识结构、人员结构、读者的需求、馆藏文献的要求、课题跟踪服务的需要等几个方面阐述了高校图书馆馆员的学术成果应该多元化。     

从内黄三杨庄聚落遗址看汉代农村民居形式的多样性

三杨庄遗址发现了汉代房屋,其特点是每个庭院都是独立的,互不相连,这与传世文献所定型的汉代农村印象有相当的不同。解释这种不同,大致有两种思路:一是认定传世文献对汉代农村居住形式的记载不完备,而把三杨庄遗址所见的庭院现象视为文献漏载的汉代民居的典型形式,以此可以要求重新改写关于汉代里居的既有含义;二是把三杨庄遗址所见的庭院现象视为特例,不把它视为汉代的典型农居。贾让《治河三策》在开篇处谈及:汉代一部分农夫,在原来黄河堤内的滩地上,稍筑室宅,遂成聚落,而且是稍去其城郭,排水泽而居之。如果我们以贾让所说的新起庐舍来观察和分析三杨庄遗址的房舍—农田的总体布局,似乎疑问可以豁然开释:这里不是汉代的寻常农村,而是在黄河滩地新垦殖区出现的新起庐舍。而传世文献所描述的闾里民居,对应的是贾让所谈及的城郭旧居。如此认识三杨庄遗址的性质,并没有降低其历史文化价值,而是更加拓展了它的研究空间。     

Social Inclusion and Sport: Culturally diverse women's perspectives

Sport and recreation can help communities to build social inclusion and celebrate diversity. Yet some sport and recreation activities require conformity to social and cultural norms, risking suppressing difference and reinforcing inequality and exclusion. This paper explores these tensions by examining access and barriers to sport and recreation for a large group of Australian women: those from culturally diverse backgrounds. Qualitative data shows that while sport industry representatives justify catering primarily for a mainstream participant base, culturally diverse women identify barriers requiring strategic and targeted policy and program intervention. Implicating the spatial organisation of sport and recreation as sources of marginalisation, culturally diverse women highlight how access‐enhancing initiatives in public, commercial and community sport facilities can play key roles in promoting social inclusion.     

‘Inching’ towards interculturalism: ambiguities and tensions in teachers’ ideologies and practices in the context of Cyprus

ABSTRACT

This research examines teachers’ conceptualisations of diversity and intercultural education. It also investigates the teaching approaches adopted by teachers within their culturally diverse classrooms. More specifically, the current project investigates the following research questions: how do teachers define and understand the concept of intercultural education; what practices do they adopt (or not) to promote intercultural education in their classrooms; what barriers do they perceive in their efforts to teach in more intercultural ways; what are their suggestions for implementing intercultural education in more successful ways? Observations and interviews took place with twenty teachers from ten schools in Cyprus. Our data shows that two ideological positions co-existed in teachers’ discourses, namely: the monocultural approach (cultural-deficiency perspective), and the multicultural approach (cultural-celebratory perspective). We also examined how the ambiguities and contradictions in teachers’ ideologies influenced their teaching and practices. In their daily routines, teachers seemed to adopt a teaching-as-usual approach, while occasionally engaging in ‘intercultural moments’, which included their rare attempts to differentiate or add cultural content to their teaching.     

Employee Drug Testing:

The authors examine the limitations of employee drug testing as a method of improving productivity and safety in the workplace. Attempts to modify licit and illicit drug use, including prohibition, are briefly reviewed, and the importance of social setting is underscored. The authors discourage the widespread use of employee drug testing because of problems in interpreting the significance of test results, laboratory errors, and possible civil liberties infringements. They propose that work performance be evaluated as a more reliable indicator of impairment, and they identify behaviors often associated with substance use. Finally, a protocol is recommended for the procurement and management of samples, laboratory standards and certification, and interpretation of test results, when testing is determined to be indispensible.     

秦皇岛市21世纪初期经济发展战略研究

21世纪国内外经济形势的重大变化为秦皇岛市的经济发展带来了前所未有的机遇.本文分析了秦皇岛市自身的优势和劣势,提出了在经济开放化的基础上把我市建成区域性经济中心以及在经济市场化的基础上使我市转变成为非公有制经济主导区的构想,为秦皇岛市的经济发展上新台阶提供一个新的思路.     

State of the art in U.S. multicultural social work practice: Client expectations and provider challenges

ABSTRACT

To obtain a comprehensive view of the level of knowledge and development achieved in multicultural social work practice, I conducted a scoping review of U.S. empirical literature for the 10-year period from 2007 through 2016. The review revealed that across the board racial and ethnic minority clients continue to experience marginalization and report low satisfaction with services. Conversely, providers are subject to some tensions and biases toward multicultural practice exacerbated by employers’ lack of emphasis on cultural competence. The problematic findings from the review suggest that our current approaches to cultural competence may need to be reexamined.     

试论价值体系多样性及其与价值体系统一性的关系

价值体系的多样性是指:第一,指价值内容、价值表现形式的多样性;第二,指价值体组成要素、价值要素结构的多样性;第三,指价值体系发展、演化模式的多样性.价值体系多样性是社会进步的内容,也是社会进步的标志.价值体系多样性有利于社会的协调发展、有利于人与自然的协调发展.