自然灾害对生物多样性的挑战

生物多样性，有利于人的生存和发展，自然灾害就对生物多样性造成影响，同样也对人类提出挑战，是一把双刃剑．     

Discourses of Work–Life Balance: Negotiating ‘Genderblind’ Terms in Organizations

This article examines current debates about gender equality, work‐life balance and flexible working. We contrast policymakers’ and organizational discourses of flexible working and work–life balance with managers’ and employees’ talk about these issues within their organizations. We show how, despite the increasingly gender‐neutral language of the official discourses, in the data studied participants consistently reformulate the debates around gendered explanations and assumptions. For example, a ‘generic female parent’ is constructed in relation to work–life balance and flexible working yet participants routinely maintain that gender makes no difference within their organization. We consider the effects of these accounts; specifically the effect on those who take up flexible working, and the perceived backlash against policies viewed as favouring women or parents. We argue that the location of work–life balance and flexibility debates within a gender‐neutral context can in practice result in maintaining or encouraging gendered practices within organizations. Implications of this for organizations, for policymakers and for feminist researchers are discussed.     

中西方文化差异在电影《喜宴》中的反映

通过分析李安的早期作品《喜宴》中反映中西方文化冲突的情节，剖析其潜在的文化背景因素，即中国人的孝道、家庭伦理观与西方的个人主义和家庭伦理观；中国相对传统保守的文化特征与西方多元开放的文化特征；以及在解决同性恋事实与传统中国式婚姻的矛盾时所体现出来的中国的“中庸”处世哲学。通过分析得出结论，观看反映中西方文化特征的影片是了解、学习不同民族文化，培养跨文化意识的有效途径。     

奥林匹克精神与尊重差异、包容多样的文明观

奥林匹克精神是和平和体育的有机统一,是尊重差异、包容多样文明观在竞技体育运动中的集中体现。奥运会弘扬奥林匹克精神,促进各国、各民族人民的交流和友谊,是人类文明交融辉映的体育和文化盛会,从这个意义上来讲,奥运会是应当也能够为人类的文明和进步作出贡献的。     

后现代思维与当代艺术设计教育

后现代主义表现为一种思维方式.其特征有三:反思现代性、多元化思维和否定性思维.我们应适应时代的需求,使艺术设计教育更具有前瞻性.在艺术设计教育过程中思考和融入后现代思维实质性的合理内容,会给我们在艺术设计过程中表现自己独特的个性和发挥创造性提供巨大的活动空间.     

Race/Ethnic Differences in Effects of Family Instability on Adolescents' Risk Behavior

We used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N = 7,686) to determine whether racial and ethnic differences in socioeconomic stress and social protection explained group differences in the association between family structure instability and three risk behaviors for White, Black, and Mexican American adolescents: delinquent behavior, age at first nonmarital sex, and age at first nonmarital birth. The positive association between mothers' union transitions and each outcome for White adolescents was attenuated by social protection. The association of instability with age at first sex and first nonmarital birth was weaker for Black adolescents but not for Mexican American adolescents. The weaker association was explained by Black adolescents' more frequent exposure to socioeconomic stress in the context of union instability.     

Indigenous worldviews in intercultural education: teachers’ construction of interculturalism in a bilingual Quechua–Spanish program

This paper examines teachers’ implementation of a bilingual intercultural education (BIE) program in Peru. This program is inspired by global policies that promote cultural pluralism and educational access to marginalized indigenous populations. Broadly addressed in policy in Andean countries, interculturalism in Peru has remained a core educational principle with a neglected pedagogy. The lack of preparation of BIE teachers in intercultural pedagogy has both forced and allowed them intuitively to make sense of interculturalism in practice. Based on an ethnographic study of BIE teachers, this paper discusses teachers’ interpretations of interculturalism and of indigenous culture. The study aims to inform educators and policy‐makers concerned with interculturalism about the challenges and possibilities of a pedagogy that affirms diversity and advocates quality education for all.

Este artículo examina la implementación del programa de educación bilingüe intercultural (EBI) en el Perú. EBI se inspira en políticas globales que promueven el pluralismo cultural y el acceso educativo de las poblaciones indígenas marginadas. Siendo parte de la pólitica nacional de distintos países andinos, la interculturalidad en el Perú se ha mantenido como principio educativo con una pedagogía negada. La falta de preparación profesional de los maestros en pedagogía intercultural ha forzado y a la vez permitido una interpretación intuitiva de EBI en la práctica. Basado en un estudio etnográfico de maestros EBI, este artículo analiza las interpretaciones de los maestros sobre interculturalidad y la cultural indígena. Este estudio intenta informar a educadores y políticos interesados en la interculturalidad, sobre los retos y las posibilidades de una pedagogía que afirma la diversidad y que promueve una educación de calidad para todos.     

Increasing women's contribution on board decision making: The importance of chairperson leadership efficacy and board openness

In the last decade, the number of women on corporate boards has increased slightly, but the prevailing minority status of women directors implies that they will continue to face social barriers. While prior research has largely focused on explaining social barriers (e.g., being categorized as an out-group member) to increase diversity and its negative consequences, how boards can avoid these obstacles remains unclear. Stemming from recategorization theory, we examine whether and to what extent board chairperson leadership efficacy and board openness (as mechanisms to avoid out-group bias) enhance the influence of women when they are in the minority in board decision-making. In a sample of 146 Norwegian firms, we found a positive relationship between women minorities and women directors’ contribution to board decision-making. Moreover, we found that this positive impact increases when the board chairperson exercises leadership and the board operates in an atmosphere of openness.     

Reconceptualizing Autism: An Alternative Paradigm for Social Work Practice

Autism is a complex, often misunderstood condition. More than a neurological disorder, autism can also be viewed as a different cognitive style or an alternative way of perceiving and reacting to the world. As more individuals on the autism spectrum are making themselves known, social workers must be open to using new paradigms to meet the needs of this unique population. This article explores how horizontal diversity and neurodiversity can be used to expand the ways social workers conceptualize autism and, consequently, how they work with persons on the autism spectrum and their families.     

Moral education as intercultural moral education

In a diverse country such as Peru, moral education should reflect social, cultural, political and spiritual dilemmas of both indigenous and non-indigenous peoples and their communities. To promote understanding and respect amongst people from different sociocultural backgrounds, moral education should encourage a dialogue between indigenous values and mainstream hegemonic values. In this article, we argue for the need to conceptualise moral education as intercultural. Against a common view that portraits indigenous people as incommensurable, that is, as trapped in their own radically different moral perspective, our own research in Shipibo-Konibo and Asháninka communities show that indigenous people display a moral point of view when analysing cultural traditions and practices. This moral point of view appears intertwined with their cultural values and ethnic identities and allows intercultural dialogue. In this vein, we argue for the need to incorporate intercultural moral conflicts and dilemmas into moral education to promote understanding and respect for others.