Green supply chain management practices in India: an empirical study

This paper presents an empirical study of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices in the Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in India. Although the research in the area of GSCM has grown in recent times, the literature has yet to furnish an accepted explanation for why green practices are to be manifested in supply chain management given external and internal pressures. These MSMEs have been involved in such green supply chain practices only to the extent of their participation as suppliers, distributors and in other capacities as business partners. This study confirms and validates that Indian MSMEs face significant pressures from external stakeholders to adopt GSCM practices. Among internal pressures, on-the-job training forces MSMEs in India to adopt GSCM practices. It has been also established that external pressures and adoption of GSCM are fully mediated by internal pressures.     

清初流徙东北考

清廷在乾隆朝之前的近百年间曾源源不断将大批人犯流徙东北地区。作为清王朝统治者的"龙兴之地",东北地区在满清初长时间被用作流放地,主要是由清初期特殊政治环境造成的。流放政策的形成有一个渐进的过程,通过条例的方式确立,而条例的变化多体现在流放地点的改变上。     

印度对藏政策特点及原因分析

西藏问题长期以来成为中印两国关系健康发展的一个障碍。印度对西藏政策的从属性、两面性和长期性特点的形成,有来自深层次的国内因素,也有受复杂的国际背景的影响。近年来,印度政府开始意识到中印关系发展的重要性,并在西藏问题上采取了一些积极的措施。然而,双边关系的全面发展还将有待于两国在西藏问题上对现有分歧的超越。     

The Impact of Culture on Equity Sensitivity Perceptions and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Five-Country Study

This paper examines the relationships between equity theory, equity sensitivity, and organizational citizenship behavior. Several issues are investigated: whether individuals from different cultures differ in their equity sensitivity orientations; whether individuals from different cultures differ in preference for benevolent, equity sensitive, and entitled situations involving a case scenario; and whether cultural differences impact organizational citizenship behavior.     

Cultural Continuity and Change in Kakar's Works: Some Reflections

This article reviews the works of the well-known psychoanalyst, Sudhir Kakar, centering on the themes of cultural continuities and demographic change. Kakar's works span about three decades and represent sensitive psychoanalytical forays into Indian society and the interpretation of its various cultural processes. In this endeavor, Kakar's concern has been to understand the connection between the subjective imagination accessed mostly in psychoanalytical, clinical work and the cultural processes as manifested in myths and folklore, in popular arts and cinema, in the life histories of historical figures on the Indian firmament, and in the traditions of various systems of Hindu religious philosophy. He has been concerned about the modification of the very tool—the psychoanalytic sensibility (and the theory around it)—that he has so adeptly used, while acknowledging its limitations in creating links with phenomena such as mysticism and communal violence. I have tried to understand the processes of cultural continuity and change by focusing on various images of women and men represented in Kakar's work. Selection of these images is guided by the various expressions of desire, playfulness, the search for a political idiom with which to initiate and sustain cultural changes, etc., as represented by the characters in Kakar's analyses. Analyzing their implications for the issues at hand, a special emphasis is placed on the criticism of Kakar's work by Kurtz. The article concludes with a section on the traditional notion of individuality as it has evolved in selected works by Kakar and other Indian psychoanalytically-oriented authors.     

印度和古希腊哲学中的本原论比较研究

本原问题是哲学探讨的基本问题。古印度和古希腊在各自哲学观念形成之初就提出了这方面的思想。两者的此类理论中既有认为单一实体为本原的思想,也有认为多种实体为本原的思想;有不约而同地提出相同思想的情况,也有分别提出特色理论的情形。在两地提出的相同或类似观点中,不能排除二者有相互交流的可能。本原概念对于印度和欧洲哲学在后世的发展都有重要影响。由于两地本原论在古代的差别,对后世两地哲学的影响也呈现出不同的形态。古印度和古希腊的本原思想展现了人类思想的智慧之光,为世界哲学在后世的发展提供了宝贵的思想材料和理论前行基础。     

Modeling interest rate cycles in India

The present study tries to examine the behaviour of various Indian interest rates such as call money rate, and yields on secondary market securities with maturity periods of 15–91 days, 1-year, 5-years and 10-years. In the first stage, the study investigates the determinants of interest rates and finds that although the interest rates depend on some domestic macroeconomic variables such as yield spread and expected exchange rate, they are mainly affected by the movements of international interest rates, although with some lags. The policy variables such as Bank Rate and Federal Funds Rate did not show any significant impact on any of the interest rates. Further, it was found that the interest rates in the very recent period show some cyclical movements similar to that of the developed countries. Future behaviour of interest rates show that the present cycle of each interest rate would peak at different time points. This expected behaviour in domestic interest rates could be due to the integration of the domestic economy with the international money and financial market. This trend may be same in most of the emerging economies of Asia.     

贡貂制度与清代东北治策

“贡貂制度”是清代东北治策中的重要组成部分 ,它不仅对清朝政权的稳固及东北边疆的安全产生了非常重要的作用 ,而且对东北的历史进程与走向亦有重大而深远的影响。在此基础上 ,文章从正反两方面探讨了“贡貂制度”的利弊得失及其深层原因。     

印度的安全战略构想与中印边界问题

中印边界问题由来已久。出于地缘政治和安全战略考虑 ,独立后的印度继承了英印殖民主义者的做法 ,推行所谓的“前进政策” ,谋求把中国的西藏变成“缓冲国”。印方传统的战略思维模式和强加于人的做法致使中印边界问题长期无法得到妥善解决 ,并成为制约两国关系发展的重要因素。国际形势的变化促使印度重新评估其安全战略 ,但从实践来看 ,其安全战略和军事战略并未从根本上摆脱传统思维模式的羁绊     

Catch-up as a Survival Strategy in the Solar Power Industry

We evaluate the strategies of the emerging market firms in the context of nascent industries. We use the Indian solar power industry as the empirical setting, against the backdrop of the evolution of the global industry, While in traditional industries emerging market firms learn from advanced economy multinational enterprises (MNEs) and slowly upgrade their capabilities, in the intensely competitive environment of nascent innovative industries, emerging market firms are exposed to global competition in their home market right from the early years. This shortens their catch-up clock. As a result, their long-term survival depends on their ability to catch-up fast, both in output and innovation capabilities. In the solar power industry, we find that innovations stem, in the main, from advanced economy firms. Further, Chinese firms are beginning to move from cost-based imitation to innovation. In contrast, with a few key exceptions, most firms in the Indian solar industry remain locked within a narrow niche of downstream site-based installation. Their operations are opportunistic, short term, and without specific catch-up goals, a scenario that does not bode well for the industry's future in India.