运动式执法与中国治理的困境

从决策议程对环境的回应、动员社会中的稀缺资源和实现政府间合作三个角度来分析运动式执法的必然性，运动式执法作为一种政策工具和治理模式并非总是消极的。一味地否定运动式执法，既不符合中国公共治理的现实需要，也不符合严肃的学术研究的要求。     

传统官僚制现代流弊与行政管理体制改革的路向选择

中国传统官僚制,是家国同构、高度集权的家产官僚制。它不具备现代官僚制的科学精神、理性精神和法制精神,其浓重的人治传统对当代中国人的观念影响十分深刻。由于中国的市场经济基础、法治环境、非政府组织和公民社会的发展现状与现代官僚制的产生条件有一定距离,因此,当务之急不是模仿新公共管理模式,而是立足中国实际情况,坚决摈弃传统官僚制,学习和借鉴现代官僚制的合理成分。     

我国采矿权的法律属性及其反思

我国采矿权既具有物权属性又具有行政权属性,其原因是采矿权受到行政权的过度干预。采矿权本来是一项民事权利,但在我国,其产生完全受制于行政权。我国将开采矿产资源的民事权利(采矿权)与政府对矿产资源开采的管制(行政许可)混为一团,行政许可兼负了创立民事权利的职责。要解决这个问题,就要分清国家作为矿产资源所有者与作为矿产资源开采管理者的身份,将国家让与采矿权的民事行为与国家对企业开采矿产资源的行政许可行为分开。     

加快我国服务贸易发展的战略对策

我国服务贸易起步于20世纪80年代,虽然起步较晚但发展速度较快。目前我国服务业对外开放水平进一步提高,部分新兴服务贸易领域加快发展,出口增速正在赶超发达国家,服务贸易已具备了快速发展的条件。但同时我国的服务贸易发展总体仍比较落后,存在着服务贸易部门结构不平衡等诸多问题。文章分析了当前我国服务贸易的发展状况,针对当前所存在的突出问题,提出加快我国服务贸易发展的战略措施。     

Social Policy from Olson to Ostrom: A Case Study of Dutch Disability Insurance

Social policy development and reform in corporatist welfare states often follows a pattern of subsequent collectivization and de‐collectivization. This has to do, the article argues, with the social problems these phases address. Early social policy development forms a response to Olson‐type collective action problems that organized actors (labour and employers' organizations) in the field experience: state‐obliged benefits solve free rider problems, while bipartite administration allows labour and employers' organizations to organize their constituencies. This solution to Olson‐type collective action problems, however, also constitutes an Ostrom‐type collective action problem. Such a system functions as a common pool resource. Individual benefit take‐up is experienced as free and the costs of benefit take‐up are collectivized in the common pool. The article illustrates this pattern with reference to Dutch disability insurance.     

地方政府文化管理职能与机构改革模式比较

我国以职能和机构整合为核心的地方政府文化管理体制改革已经由试点改革进入到全面推行阶段。本文主要通过结合典型调查法与比较研究法，对典型地方政府改革方案进行分析研究，探求在文化领域进行政府管理职能定位与组织设置改革的相关影响因素。调研结果表明，这些地方政府的改革实施方案存在较大差异，大致可以归纳为六种模式。根据各自职能与机构整合方式的不同，这些改革方案共同构成改革模式类型连续体，不同地方政府改革方案在这一连续体所占的具体位置由许多重要因素所决定。     

Assessing participants’ perceptions on group-based principles for action in community-based health enhancing physical activity programmes: The APEF tool

In community-based health enhancing physical activity (CBHEPA) programmes, group-based principles for action such as active participation, enjoyment, and fostering group processes are widely advocated. However, not much is known about participants’ perceptions of these principles as there are no assessment tools available. Therefore, this article describes the development of the APEF (Active Participation, Enjoyment, and Fostering group processes) tool and reports on its implementation in a Dutch CBHEPA programme. Indicators for the principles have been identified from literature research, interviews with professionals, and secondary analysis of three group interviews with 11 practitioners. To address the identified indicators, the APEF tool was developed, pretested, and used in 10 focus groups with 76 participants.The APEF tool consists of eight statements about group-based principles for action, on which CBHEPA participants vote, followed by in-depth discussion. The voting procedure engages participants. Spider diagrams visualise participants’ perceptions of group-based principles.The APEF tool addresses the challenge of relating group level outcomes to individual outcomes such as physical activity behaviour. The tool facilitates as well as evaluates group-based principles for action, it stimulates dialogue and is culturally sensitive, but it needs strong facilitating skills to manage group dynamics.     

Structuration d’un champ d’action publique : l’intervention publique sur les copropriétés dégradées

This article focuses on the social construction of the problem, which emerged in France during the 1980s, of dilapidated condominium apartment buildings and on the public policy instruments that have been used. A sociology of organized action serves to analyze this twofold process, which has resulted from the formation of networks of persons unfamiliar with the legal aspects of condominium ownership. Linking the periphery to the center, these networks have crystallized around norms ensuing from housing policy. The concept of “field” in the Weberian sense explains this crystallization, and also applies to the symmetrical process of conserving civil law on joint ownership. Parties attached to this normative system denied the problem of dilapidated condominiums, when it was presented to them. By pursuing a social activity based on applying and producing rules, individuals in the networks related to housing policy and persons concerned by condominium ownership contributed to maintaining and, too, revitalizing rules and norms.     

论社会弱者健康权的实现

社会弱者权利保护是实现社会正义的重要组成部分，而健康权是社会弱者行使其他人权不可或缺的一项基本人权，国际人权公约对此进行了明确规定。从健康权的权利属性和给付行政下行政权行使的目的分析，政府负有促进社会弱者健康权实现的义务。在法律规定的前提下，政府应主导我国医疗保障制度的发展，并通过行政给付诉讼为社会弱者健康权的实现提供司法救济。     

The Micro-Formation Mechanism of Trade Conflicts between Large Developing Countries: India’s Anti-dumping Action against China

Abstract

Employing Grossman and Helpman’s “protection for sale” model, this article uses data on anti-dumping actions from 1999 to 2009 to perform a quantitative analysis of factors influencing India’s determinations of anti-dumping duties against China, and reveals the micro-formation mechanism of economic conflicts between China and India. We find that the political power of India’s anti-dumping plaintiffs markedly increases the tariff level of its final determinations and that the relationship between the import penetration ratio and duty rates depends upon whether the plaintiffs are politically organized. Further, there is a significant positive correlation between India’s anti-dumping duty rates and its unfavorable trade balance with China. This indicates that in determining anti-dumping duties, Indian authorities are clearly influenced by the political clout of their domestic interest groups. They are also motivated by the desire to keep down China and gain the upper hand in the face-off between the “dragon and the elephant.”