职业刻板印象研究及其对我国大学生就业的启示

结合国内外职业刻板印象研究成果,本文对职业刻板印象的概念、基本理论、研究方法、国内外研究现状等展开了详细阐述,并结合我国大学生职业刻板印象的实际情况,对我国高校毕业生就业提出了合理化建议。     

The Effects of Media Usage and Interpersonal Contacts on the Stereotyping of Lesbians and Gay Men in China

Relatively little research has investigated the association of information sources and the stereotyping of homosexuals in other cultures. This study is a survey of 226 Chinese college students about their stereotypes of homosexuals and their sources of information on gays and lesbians. The stereotyping of homosexuals is predicted by the size of community, interest in knowing homosexuals, and in-person contacts. A higher level of negative stereotypes is associated with frequent usage of Chinese media.     

Queer Eye for the Straight Guy: Sexual Orientation and Stereotype Lift Effects on Performance in the Fashion Domain

Stereotype lift is defined as a boost in performance caused by an awareness of a positive ingroup stereotype. This study investigated if gay men experience stereotype lift in the fashion domain. To date, no studies have examined stereotype lift in regards to stereotypes about sexual orientation or in regards to a non-academic task. To address this gap in the literature, gay and straight men completed a test of fashion knowledge under conditions where the relevant gay stereotype was either salient or not by reminding participants of their sexual orientation before or after completing the test. A sample of 66 undergraduate male students (31 heterosexual and 35 homosexual) showed that gay men did outperform straight men on the fashion test, but only when the relevant stereotype was made salient, F(1, 62) = 5.23, p = .03. Implications of stereotype lift in gay men and on non-academic tasks are discussed.     

Mock Ebonics: Linguistic racism in parodies of Ebonics on the Internet

This study describes and analyzes outgroup linguistic racism in parodies of Ebonics (‘Mock Ebonics’) that appeared on the Internet in the wake of the December 18, 1996 resolution of the Board of Education of the Oakland (California) Unified School District on improving the English-language skills of African-American students. We examined 23 World Wide Web pages containing 270,188 words, from which we chose nine pages containing 225,726 words for in-depth analysis. Drawing on a characterization of Mock Spanish, our analysis shows that Mock Ebonics is a system of graphemic-phonetic, grammatical, semantic, and pragmatic strategies for representing an outgroup's belief in the imperfection and inferiority of Ebonics and its users. We show how producers of Ebonics parody pages employ these strategies, which are common in speech stereotypes, to articulate an anti-Ebonics language ideology and shift the blame for the poor academic performance of African Americans from a racist society to learners and the community from which they come.     

论广告表现中性别平衡的影像建构

现代广告不仅承担着传递商品信息的任务,而且发挥着显性意识形态的社会功能。在构建和谐的性别结构中,广告人应在自我审视的基础上,创作更多体现性别平衡观点的广告,在强调广告经济功能的同时,还应把广告纳入社会文化的系统中加以考察,充分认识广告的文化功能及其所担负的文化责任,使之在建构和谐平衡的性别结构中发挥积极的作用。     

缺失与背离:当代影视文化“性别偏见”现象批判简

在当代影视文化中,存在着大量的“性别偏见”现象,其主要表现在四个方面,即“议程设置”功能的实施与女性的边缘化、文化陈规的散布与女性主体价值的缺失、男权规范的强调与女性审美取向的偏差、男性气质的宣扬与女性生命感觉的弱化。“性别批评”是对两性和谐的影视文化氛围的建构,并非只主张单一性别的存在,而采取双性别的完整立场;不是要造就一个女权的文化,相反是期望实现两性的和谐共生。     

Stereotyping Online? Internet News,Social Media,and the Racial Typification of Crime

A substantial body of research indicates that television news consumption is associated with criminal stereotyping. However, less is known about how online media, such as Internet news and social media news consumption, is associated with such attitudes. Using a multisite sample of mostly young adults, the current study examines the relationships between multiple types of online news consumption and crime news engagement on racially typifying African Americans as violent, property, and drug offenders. Findings reveal that Internet news consumption is negatively related, but social media news consumption is positively related, to racially typifying African Americans as criminals. Beyond consumption, social media crime news engagement is negatively related to racial typification. Last, there is some evidence that the association between online media consumption and engagement varies by race and political ideology. Findings and direction for future research is discussed.     

Perceptions of Affectionate Communication Among People with Unfavorable and Favorable Attitudes Toward Homosexuality

People are sometimes hesitant to communicate affection if it might be misinterpreted by the intended receiver or an audience. We hypothesized that anti-gay/-lesbian attitudes might negatively affect the perceived appropriateness of expressing affection. One hundred and twenty male and female undergraduates with either very high or very low levels of anti-gay/-lesbian attitudes participated in the study. They rated the appropriateness of expressing affection toward same- and other-sex targets in a set of 2 (public or private setting)?×?3 (positive, neutral, or negative valence) scenarios. Results supported a “generalized inhibition” effect, with high levels of anti-gay/-lesbian attitudes associated with a reluctance to express affection regardless of target, setting, valence, or current relationship status. Implications for research on affectionate expression and anti-gay/-lesbian attitudes are presented.