“V一下”结构语义分析

通过较为全面的观察及较为细致的分析鉴别,我们最终确定“V一下”的结构语义主要有二：一是动作的具体数量;二是动作的少量。其语用功能为“减小对对方的强加”。     

小说史上的“柯尔律治之花”

博尔赫斯通过分析西方的小说作品,总结出柯尔律治之花这一文学传统。类似的传统在中国小说史上也赫然存在,从班固的《汉武故事》到段成式的《酉阳杂俎》到蒲松龄的《聊斋志异·白于玉》到曹雪芹的《红楼梦》,绵绵不绝终至发扬光大。仙桃核、樱桃核、金钏、宝玉、仙药、青鸟等,都是中国小说史中屡见不鲜的灼灼红花。分析这一现象,有助于明了中国文学大背景上的小传统,有助于透视中国作家代代相传、薪火永继的精神血脉。     

Lattice path counting and the theory of queues

In this paper we will show how recent advances in the combinatorics of lattice paths can be applied to solve interesting and nontrivial problems in the theory of queues. The problems we discuss range from classical ones like M^a/M^b/1$M^a/M^b/1$ systems to open tandem systems with and without global blocking and to queueing models that are related to random walks in a quarter plane like the Flatto–Hahn model or systems with preemptive priorities.     

先秦“话体”的生成、性质及文体嬗变

先秦时期的祝官文献主要面向神灵,但有时也指向世俗层面,如《周礼》六辞。“六辞”中的“会”是“话”字的假借,因此“话”是一种指称“善言”的仪式性文体。祝官在早期承担训诫的职能,他们在工作中常常会积累辑集一些格言谚语以用于训诫。这些辑集的格言谚语形成话体。“话体”最初作为一种承担着训诫职能的仪式性文体,它属于祝官文献。随着史官群体及优人群体的兴起,产生了语类文献及优语文献,这些文献促使“话体”由神圣性文本向世俗化文本的转变。这一过程主要表现为：一是“话体”为“语体”所继承;二是“话体”向话本小说的演变。在殷商及西周早期一般用“话”来指称记言文献,这一用法在春秋时期被“语”体所取代。先秦时期重视讲说故事的“善言”性质,而话本及说话伎艺突出故事的娱乐性,这种由“善言”到“故事”的转化实际上反映“话体”向话本小说的演变。     

v至诚的革命者？优秀的文学家？—对柳青及《创业史》的再认识之二

作为革命者的柳青,他是合格的,是值得人们尊敬的,但是作为艺术家的柳青,则是有严重之不足的。他自觉地进行思想改造,其结果是令自己成为了至诚的革命者;他长期地深入生活,其结果是令自己更坚定地为元产阶级政治服务;他遭遇“文革”的灾难,其结果是令自己固守“生活本位”的文学观念;他晚年对《创业史》进行了修改,其的结果是把自己的创作进一步推向了概念化和虚假化。     

Linking taxation and social protection: Evidence on redistribution and poverty reduction in Ethiopia

Although redistribution results from the simultaneous effects of taxes and transfers, analyses of their distributional effects in low‐income countries have largely been undertaken from singular perspectives. This article jointly assesses the distributional effect of taxes and transfers (through social protection) using Ethiopia as a case study. We find that Ethiopia's flagship social protection programme is more effective than income taxation in achieving poverty reduction, while neither policy achieves a sizeable reduction in overall inequality. We also find that Ethiopia does not currently have the capacity to close the poverty gap or to fully fund its main safety net programme using domestic income sources alone.     

我国社区矫正法律监督：探索与反思

基于法律的相关规定以及社区矫正实务的发展,检察机关监外执行法律监督工作需要一次新的转型。陕西省西安市未央区社区矫正法律监督的实践探索表明,社区矫正的规范化建设离不开检察机关的法律监督,检察机关应树立协同监督理念,广泛吸纳社会力量参与监督工作,建立与社区矫正发展相适应的法律监督体系。     

The Last Stitch in the Quilt

The patterns of our working lives are fluid and often unpredictable. They are linked to the process of identity forming that we understand as a recognizable, but continuously changing pattern of actions and developments within our lifespan, which includes our career choices. This interpretation allows us to identify the multiple temporal trajectories within a working life and to see how an analysis of temporalities can help us to understand the gendered nature of our careers. By using a number of retrospective narratives of older women about their working lives, we ascertain how an externally imposed and chronologically organized linear (life‐) career story breaks down into a number of a‐chronological trajectories, each of which is personally marked by the identity of the narrator. The theme of self‐care emerges and turns into a binding notion for working women from different generations.     

第三次分配发展的正式制度缺失与构建——以共同富裕为视角

第三次分配的发展对解决当前收入差距问题,实现共同富裕目标具有必要性和可行性;我国以共同富裕为目标的第三次分配发展缓慢,没有发挥弥补“市场失灵”、“政府失灵”的应有作用,其原因主要为缺失国家政策上的支持,缺乏宏观和微观法制环境的支撑以及监督机制的约束;促进第三次分配的快速发展需要有针对性地从政策、法制和监督机制等方面构建相关的正式制度.     

《环翠堂园景图》与晚明文化人格

钱贡的《环翠堂园景图》表现明代戏曲家汪廷讷的园林生活,为明代官员乡间生活提供了图像资料,非常珍贵。此图既反映了吴派高士园林图与商业文化结盟走向名士风流的文化取向,又与董其昌、陈继儒捍卫山林高士独立人格的草堂精神有别,是明末官员家园意识的另一维度。