Union–intersection principle and constrained statistical inference

Most statistical models arising in real life applications as well as in interdisciplinary research are complex in their designs, sampling plans, and associated probability laws, which in turn are often constrained by inequality, order, functional, shape or other restraints. Optimality of conventional likelihood ratio based statistical inference may not be tenable here, although the use of restricted or quasi-likelihood has spurred in such environments. S.N. Roy's ingenious union–intersection principle provides an alternative avenue, often having some computational advantages, increased scope of adaptability, and flexibility beyond conventional likelihood paradigms. This scenario is appraised here with some illustrative examples, and with some interesting problems of inference on stochastic ordering (dominance) in parametric as well as beyond parametric setups.     

On the asymptotic behaviour of location-scale invariant Bickel–Rosenblatt tests

Location-scale invariant Bickel–Rosenblatt goodness-of-fit tests (IBR tests) are considered in this paper to test the hypothesis that f, the common density function of the observed independent d-dimensional random vectors, belongs to a null location-scale family of density functions. The asymptotic behaviour of the test procedures for fixed and non-fixed bandwidths is studied by using an unifying approach. We establish the limiting null distribution of the test statistics, the consistency of the associated tests and we derive its asymptotic power against sequences of local alternatives. These results show the asymptotic superiority, for fixed and local alternatives, of IBR tests with fixed bandwidth over IBR tests with non-fixed bandwidth.     

Empirical likelihood for the difference of quantiles under censorship

In this paper, we use a smoothed empirical likelihood method to investigate the difference of quantiles under censorship. An empirical log-likelihood ratio is derived and its asymptotic distribution is shown to be chi-squared. Approximate confidence regions based on this method are constructed. Simulation studies are used to compare the empirical likelihood and the normal approximation method in terms of its coverage accuracy. It is found that the empirical likelihood method provides a much better performance. The research is supported by NSFC (10231030) and RFDP.     

快速排序一个低效问题的完善处理

为了改善含有大量重复数据时快速排序效率低下的问题，提出了简便有效的拟3路划分算法，即每次划分时并不单独分离出等值元素以形成等值区，而是划分后及时排除基准处自然形成的等值区，从而避免了3路划分的困难，仅需对原算法做极少的修改，数值结果表明效果优于其它同类算法。     

Li_2O含量对掺Er~(3+)碲酸盐玻璃光谱性质的影响

用高温熔融法制备了掺Er3的(85-x)TeO2-(10+x)Li2O-4.5TiO2-0.5Er2O3(x=0,5,10,15)玻璃样品,测试和分析了玻璃的热稳定性、吸收光谱、荧光光谱等.根据McCumber理论,计算了受激发射截面.结果表明:LizO的引入,显著的提高了受激发射截面,而较宽的荧光半高宽基本不变.当Li2O的含量为25m0l%时,带宽特性FWHM与σepeak的乘积具有最大值.     

中国教育近代化中的“人的全面发展”：从三育到五育的嬗变

在中国教育近代化的历程中，严复、梁启超、王国维、蔡元培及杨贤江等有识之士通过学习、借鉴西方教育思想，改造、更新传统教育，提出的“三育”、“四育”、“五育”及“新五育”教育宗旨体现了对“人的全面发展”的逐步深入的认识，深刻地反映了近代教育价值取向及精神层面的嬗变，有力地促进了中国近代社会的转型和发展，也能够为当今的教育改革提供借鉴。     

On representing maximin efficient designs by Taylor series

This paper considers exponential and rational regression models that are nonlinear in some parameters. Recently, locally D-optimal designs for such models were investigated in [Melas, V. B., 2005. On the functional approach to optimal designs for nonlinear models. J. Statist. Plann. Inference 132, 93–116] based upon a functional approach. In this article a similar method is applied to construct maximin efficient D-optimal designs. This approach allows one to represent the support points of the designs by Taylor series, which gives us the opportunity to construct the designs by hand using tables of the coefficients of the series. Such tables are provided here for models with two nonlinear parameters. Furthermore, the recurrent formulas for constructing the tables for arbitrary numbers of parameters are introduced.     

PEDT导电聚合物气敏特性研究

采用化学聚合法制备了导电聚合物3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩膜,利用扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱法对薄膜的光学成分及形貌进行了分析。采用叉指电极结构研制出了3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩薄膜气体传感器,研究了3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩薄膜气体传感器对有毒气体NO2和NH3的敏感特性以及其自身的温度特性。结果发现,3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩薄膜气体传感器对低浓度的NO2和NH3都具有很好的敏感特性。该文还对3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩薄膜对NO2和NH3两种气体的敏感机理进行了详细的讨论。     

Some observations on the KMT dyadic scheme

We point out some useful properties of the KMT dyadic scheme, which was used to construct a Brownian bridge approximation to the uniform empirical process.     

The scale-up finance gap in the EU: Causes,consequences, and policy solutions

This paper assesses the financing gap faced by innovative start-ups in the European Union (EU) when they reach the scaling-up stage of their development. It draws on data collected through a seminar involving 117 experts representing start-ups and scale-ups, financial actors, academia, and EU policymakers and aimed at investigating the causes, consequences, and policy solutions of the scale-up gap in the EU. Besides highlighting supply-side deficiencies, the seminar also emphasised weaknesses in both the demand side of the scale-up gap and the EU ecosystem for high-growth entrepreneurship. The paper offers policy recommendations, highlighting the need for policy solutions involving private actors and specifically targeting scale-ups. The paper also calls for more robust research on measuring the scale-up financing gap and its economic impact to improve the policy response.