为拆解而设计:绿色设计的重要议题

"为拆解而设计"是指设计出的产品可以拆卸、分解,零部件可以翻新和重复使用,这样,既能保护环境,又可以减少资源浪费。为此,设计中注意:原材料方面,尽量使用可回收再利用的材料,原材料种类尽可能少,原材料上应有清楚的标识;产品架构方面,尽可能采用模块化设计,尽量减少零部件数目,产品整体构架清晰,是否可回收零件区分明确;此外还要避免永久性结合、考虑拆解工具的可方便操作性及采用最少的接合物件等。     

基于CMM与OPM3的软件项目关键成功因素分析

本文在对软件项目管理和项目管理成熟度模型发展讨论的基础上,根据中国项目项目管理知识体系以及我国软件企业中软件项目管理和软件能力成熟度模型的发展中所出现的问题,总结和归纳了影响软件项目管理的31个关键影响因素,建立了软件项目管理三层次模型。通过对软件项目管理人员以调查问卷的形式收集数据资料,利用因子分析验证了软件项目管理三层次模型的正确性和可行性,以期通过软件项目管理提高我国软件企业CMM等级。     

拓展的质量屋及其应用研究

在评述国内外对质量功能展开(QFD)研究的基础上,论述了传统质量屋所存在的一些缺陷;提出了拓展的质量屋(EHOQ)框架;对拓展的质量功能展开(EQFD)的应用前景进行了介绍,并对EQFD在三维并行工程中的应用进行了简要的4级展开,对企业有较强的指导意义。另外,对EQFD在企业管理中的应用作了简要的介绍。     

A k-sample slippage test for location parameter

Lewis (1972) has proposed a test for the slippage of the location parameter of k- populations when the direction of the slippage is unknown. In this paper, an extension of this test is proposed. The distribution of the test statistic is obtained under the null hypothesis of no slippage and the power of the test is compared with that of another competitive test proposed by Conover (1968).     

An essentially complete class of multiple decision procedures

Let π₁,…, π_k represent k(?2) independent populations. The quality of the ith population π_i is characterized by a real-valued parameter θ_i, usually unknown. We define the best population in terms of a measure of separation between θ_i's. A selection of a subset containing the best population is called a correct selection (CS). We restrict attention to rules for which the size of the selected subset is controlled at a given point and the infimum of the probability of correct selection over the parameter space is maximized. The main theorem deals with construction of an essentially complete class of selection rules of the above type. Some classical subset selection rules are shown to belong to this class.     

On Integrality, Stability and Composition of Dicycle Packings and Covers

Given a digraph D, the minimum integral dicycle cover problem (known also as the minimum feedback arc set problem) is to find a minimum set of arcs that intersects every dicycle; the maximum integral dicycle packing problem is to find a maximum set of pairwise arc disjoint dicycles. These two problems are NP-complete.Assume D has a 2-vertex cut. We show how to derive a minimum dicycle cover (a maximum dicycle packing) for D, by composing certain covers (packings) of the corresponding pieces. The composition of the covers is simple and was partially considered in the literature before. The main contribution of this paper is to the packing problem. Let be the value of a minimum integral dicycle cover, and * () the value of a maximum (integral) dicycle packing. We show that if = then a simple composition, similar to that of the covers, is valid for the packing problem. We use these compositions to extend an O(n³) (resp., O(n⁴)) algorithm for finding a minimum integral dicycle cover (resp., packing) from planar digraphs to K_3,3-free digraphs (i.e., digraphs not containing any subdivision of K_3,3).However, if , then such a simple composition for the packing problem is not valid. We show, that if the pieces satisfy, what we call, the stability property, then a simple composition does work. We prove that if = * holds for each piece, then the stability property holds as well. Further, we use the stability property to show that if = * holds for each piece, then = * holds for D as well.     

虚拟现实技术

随着信息产业的蓬勃发展,也越来越重视信息技术的创新研究和长远发展.而作为信息技术发展重要驱动力的"虚拟现实(Virtural Reality)"技术,也随之成为人们关注的热点之一.作为人与计算机生成的虚拟环境进行交互作用的一种手段,人们将虚拟现实技术看作是仅次于互联网的改变世界未来的重要技术.虚拟场景漫游技术是虚拟现实技术的重要分支,由于有可贵的3I特性--沉浸感、交互性和构想性,使得沿用固定漫游路径等手段的其他漫游技术和系统无法与之相比.构建三维模型时采用3DS MAX三维建模工具和VRML建模语言相结合来创建虚拟场景.本文简单介绍了虚拟现实技术的概况.     

试论齐美尔社会学的研究对象

古典社会学时期,对社会学研究对象的不同见解促成了日后社会学不同传统的形成.齐美尔提出了一种有别于迪尔凯姆和韦伯的社会学研究对象,对社会学的发展产生了重要影响.齐美尔关于社会观、社会学研究对象的独特见解赋予社会学理论崭新的视角,但也存在着局限.     

我国工业设计权制度的构建--以3D打印为视角

在3D打印环境下,产品设计图作为创新设计的核心要素,所面临的侵权风险会显著增加。传统类型的知识产权,包括专利权、著作权及商标权等,对于工业设计的保护均存在不足。构建新型的工业设计权能解决现有知识产权制度保护缺位的问题。我国有必要在借鉴英国《版权、外观设计权和专利法》、欧盟《共同体外观设计保护条例》、美国《船壳设计保护法》、日本《反不正当竞争法》等域外经验的基础上,对工业设计权制度进行合理的设计,在保护对象、授权标准、登记与公示程序、权利内容和限制以及保护期限方面制定相应的规则,以期促进3D打印产业的健康发展。     

3G时代中国电信业的机遇与挑战

全球范围内移动通信业的迅猛发展引发电信市场竞争的加剧,我国电信业移动替代趋势的愈演愈烈,市场竞争架构呈现严重失衡。文章通过分析宏观环境和产业环境的变化,结合新一轮的电信重组方案和3G对电信运营商全业务运营的影响,探讨了中国电信运营商面临的机遇和挑战。