基于3S技术的校园三维景观表达研究

以福建农林大学校园为研究对象,借助地理信息系统等软件对遥感影像和地形图进行处理。通过DGPS自由网平差构建校园控制网,在对三维数据处理、地形图矢量化并赋予高程值基础上建立校园DEM,利用ArcGIS软件中ArcScene功能模块构建校园三维虚拟景观模型,进而实现校园景观三维场景的表达和实时浏览。通过三维虚拟景观模型漫游及表达为区域景观布局改进和优化提供参考。     

一种在移动GIS环境下基于R树的并行窗口查询系统模型

窗口查询(Window Query)是移动地理信息系统(Mobile Geographic Informa-tion System)各类具体应用中的核心功能。为了提高移动GIS系统的查询效率(I/O开销、响应时间、丢失率),本文对实时环境下窗口查询分解、调度和并行处理等问题做了阐述,讨论了基于内存R树(Memory R-tree)实现并行窗口查询的方法。     

空间数据模型研究

讨论几种常用的二维和三维空间数据模型,逐一介绍镶嵌模型、矢量模型、混合模型和分析模型的建模方式,并分析了它们的主要优缺点。     

OLE技术在应用型地理信息系统开发中的应用

介绍了ＯＬＥ技术和如何利用高级程序设计语言将ＯＬＥ技术与所支持ＯＬＥ技术的Ｍａｐｉｎｆｏ相结合来开发应用型地理信息系统,从而实现将Ｍａｐｉｎｆｏ完整集成到应用系统中,达到高效地开发应用型ＧＩＳ软件的目的．同时给出了利用 ＶＢ ６．０和Ｍａｐｉｎｆ５．０开发应用型ＧＩＳ时利用ＯＬＥ技术的实例．     

The Effectiveness of Different Representations for Managerial Problem Solving: Comparing Tables and Maps

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) enable decision makers to view tabular data geographically, as maps. This simple yet powerful visual format appears to facilitate problem solving, yet how it does so is not clear, nor do we know the types of problems that benefit from this representation. To begin to understand the contributions of geographic representations over tabular representations, we conducted a three-factor experiment in problem solving. The experiment contained two different representations (map and table), three different geographic relationships (proximity, adjacency, and containment), and three levels of task difficulty (low, medium, and high). We found that maps generally produced faster problem solving than tables, and that problem-solving time increased with task difficulty. Most importantly, for the proximity and adjacency geographic relationships we found that maps kept problem-solving time low, while tables tended to increase time dramatically. However, we found that the number of knowledge states for each task explains performance times quite well and is a useful tool for understanding performance differences and interaction effects. As tasks become more difficult, representing them as maps generally keeps the number of knowledge states small, while for tables, the number of knowledge states increases dramatically. Correspondingly, problem-solving times increase dramatically with tables, but not with maps. In sum, as difficulty increases, maps are more effective for problem-solving tasks. Using maps, the tasks are simplified using visual heuristics that keep problemsolving times and error rates from rising as quickly as they do with tables.     

GIS在环境考古研究中应用的若干案例

具有空间数据管理和空间数据分析功能的G IS,是环境考古学研究的重要手段。运用G IS对遗址的空间位置与环境间的关系以及遗址域进行定量分析,可研究古代遗址的分布模式,人类对不同资源的开发过程,以及对应环境变化的生存策略;对不同类型的遗址进行可视域分析,可研究遗址的功能及其在区域中的地位;对遗址的分布模式与资源间关系进行分析,可以研究社会不同人群对资源的控制以及社会等级的划分及过程。     

Using Housing Vouchers to Create Stable Mixed-Income Gentrifying Neighborhoods: A Case Study of Over-the-Rhine,Cincinnati, OH

The Over-the-Rhine (OTR) neighborhood of Cincinnati, Ohio is a gentrifying inner-city community undergoing rapid revitalization. In a gentrifying neighborhood like OTR, the Housing Choice Voucher Program (HCVP) could help sustain a mix of incomes within an increasingly high-income community. This study uses geographic information system analysis to examine the role of HCVP in OTR from 1995 to 2012, that is, changes in voucher holder density, hotspots, and migration patterns. Discussions with key stakeholders provide additional insight on gentrification in OTR and the ways HCVP could be used to create a mixed-income neighborhood that would benefit lower-income households.     

地理信息系统在公路地质灾害防治中的应用

本文以重庆三峡库区蓄水初期公路灾害防治GIS地理信息系统为实例,概要介绍GIS地理信息系统在宏观展现库区公路现状、分析地质灾害发生规律、评估灾害治理工程规模等方面的新兴应用,说明GIS地理信息系统在公路地质灾害防治中的作用,为地质灾害防治事业推荐新的实用技术.     

评审专家抽取中的时间距离约束分析

针对现有评审专家抽取中距离约束存在的不足,本文提出了一种新的时间距离约束。本文介绍了时间距离的含义及其提出的必要性,并给出了基于GIS技术的时间距离计算方法,具体包括相关假设、计算步骤、解决方案以及实现过程。时间距离约束的提出不仅可以保证所有被选专家都可按时到达评审地点,而且还能打破行政区域的限制,合理调配专家资源,具有重要的现实意义。     

Multi-criteria Decision-Making for Greenways: The Case of Trabzon,Turkey

Greenways are multi-objective planning tools for sustainable development that take several criteria into account. In order to resolve the conflicts among objectives, greenway planning requires advanced strategies for decision-making processes and techniques. To aid in this, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) systems have significant capacity to analytically prioritize and select alternatives. This research develops a strategy for defining, prioritizing and selecting greenway alternatives with the support of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on an empirical study in the urban region of Trabzon (Turkey). The study finds that AHP has promising capacity to analytically prioritize alternatives and rationally select the best alternative.