基于GIS的综合经济区划分方法研究

本文提出了一种利用地理信息系统结合聚类分析法、经济中心分析法、地域分工分析法进行综合经济区域划分的方法。该方法具有分析过程直观、综合考虑经济区空间信息和属性信息的特点。     

地理信息系统——新兴的高技术信息产业

本文介绍了地理信息系统(GIS)作为一门新兴的高技术信息产业和新型的边缘学科,它的发展概况、应用领域、在国民经济中的作用、市场需求及其相关学科,并对我校设置地理信息系统专业提出了建议.     

Segregation and Fragmentation: Extending Landscape Ecology and Pattern Metrics Analysis to Spatial Demography

Though demography’s roots involve a strong spatial component, recent attention to capitalizing on widely available spatially referenced demographic data has returned the focus to spatially enabled analyses. Landscape ecology offers a theoretical framework and concomitant methodology in pattern metric analysis well suited for extracting process through the examination of spatial patterns. Applied on the environmental side of population–environment interaction research, pattern metric analysis has not been brought to bear on population data per se. This research illustrates the utility of a pattern metric approach utilizing U.S. Census data from 1990 and 2000 to document changes in spatial configuration of race and class in South Carolina. The results corroborate similar findings elsewhere of exurban growth as well as an increasing income gap and spread of Hispanic population, both statistically and spatially. Further insight into the forces related to these processes is gained from explicit assessment of spatial configuration. The method is offered as a complementary tool to the richly evolving field of spatial demography.     

基于GIS的物流配送系统车辆调度研究

文章通过深入研究C-W算法并对该算法进行改进,考虑时间约束,设计了解决混合时间窗问题的启发式算法,结合地理信息系统(GIS)建立相应的数学模型并对供应链中物流配送车辆调度系统和行车路径进行优化。通过实证分析验证了该模型和算法的有效性,对该领域的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

燃气管网测绘成图中的常见错误及分析

列举并分析利用GIS建立燃气管网基础信息系统的过程中测绘成图的常见错误及避免的方法。     

Matching deprivation mapping to urban governance in three Indian mega-cities

Recent discussions of poverty recognize its multi-dimensional character, focusing on multiple sources of deprivation that poor households experience. However, for urban planners and politicians to implement intervention programs effectively in mega-cities, knowledge on sources and spatial patterns of multiple deprivations is needed. Disaggregated analysis potentially allows them to target programs to specific locations, set priorities in line with local needs, and be efficient in the use of funding. This article maps multiple deprivations of households in three Indian mega-cities, at the electoral ward level. It uses the livelihoods approach to address the following questions: 1) Is there a spatial concentration of deprivations within cities and do poverty levels differ between them? 2) Do cities differ in the types of deprivations? and 3) do these cluster within the city? The paper compares Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai, using a multi-criteria model within a geographical information system developed for identifying hotspots of multiple deprivation. It further links the results of deprivation mapping to questions of urban governance by comparing deprivation results with data on slums currently used to target anti-poverty programs. Finally, the opportunities of using spatial data for improving priorities and efficient use of funds in poverty programs are analyzed.     

基于GIS技术的汶川县威州镇生态规划及灾后重建研究

以汶川县威州镇为研究对象,运用ArcGIS 9.0生成的空间数据模型和生态经济协调度分析模型进行综合评价.结果表明:威州镇的姜射坝、郭竹铺-凤坪、七盘沟、主街区(包括较场坝、桑坪)等四个主要片区的经济协调度分别为0.82、0.86、0.51、0.78,分属于良好协调、良好协调、勉强协调、中级协调等级,将其分别列为生态保育和限制开发区、农业耕作功能区、工业功能区、居住集中区.结合生态分区策略,提出灾区生态恢复和产业调整政策,为汶川县县域的灾后重建提供政策依据.     

GIS的人口信息空间可视化技术在专题地图制作过程中的作用

GIS空间可视化技术在专题地图制作过程中的应用在理论上是可行的,以GIS专题基础数据库为基础,可以自动提取数据库中的人口信息数据来生成人口专题地图,该方法直观、快速、准确,提高了工作效率和质量.     

Comparative modeling approaches for understanding urban violence

The purpose of this paper is to provide a comparative analysis of three different modeling approaches for exploring structural theories of violence. Specifically, ordinary least squares regression, geographically weighted regression and data envelopment analysis will be utilized to evaluate violent crime. This type of analysis expands upon traditional theory testing by deepening our understanding of differences in crime generation and its underlying demographic and socio-economic stimuli via different methodological lenses. A case study for the city of Cincinnati, Ohio is presented and the results suggest that a combination of approaches is likely the best strategy for evaluating violence in urban areas.     

UK Government communications: Full circle in the 21st century?

On 19th January 2004, the UK government published An Independent Review of Government Communications (Phillis, 2004) known as the Phillis Review, and announced that it would implement the recommendations in full. In the early 2000s, under the Government of the then Prime Minister, Tony Blair, there was some blurring of the lines between the role of impartial government communicators who were members of the Government Information and Communication Service (GICS) and politically appointed Special Advisors. In 1997, Alistair Campbell, Director of Communication, and Blair's Special Advisor, had been given the power to direct government communicators and subsequently there were a number of incidents that reinforced the view that propriety lines were being breached. It was felt that the GICS was being increasingly politicised. The Phillis Review led to far reaching change, the most important being the appointment of a Permanent Secretary, a civil servant of the most senior rank to lead GICS.