畜产品质量安全监管研究综述

随着经济的发展和社会的进步，畜产品在人们的日常生活中占有越来越重要的地位，目前我国对畜产品质量安全的监管还很不到位。文章总结了我国畜产品安全监管的现状，并介绍了国外畜产品安全监管的现状，通过比较找出我国监管的不足，从而进一步加强我国对畜产品质量安全的监管。     

静水流深：百年中国蒙学读物研究回顾与展望

中国蒙学读物研究,是诠释传统蒙学思想、实现中华传统文化创造性转化和创新性发展的充分条件,也是探求中国教育学话语体系的重要过程和经验启示。20世纪以来,蒙学读物研究在我国获得长足发展,经历了三个发展阶段：批判基础上内容重构阶段、视角转换基础上价值重审阶段、回溯基础上现代转化阶段。研究主题历经蒙学读物内容适切性评价与审思、价值追问、流布与现代关联研究的变化;研究方法亦有经验归纳法、文献研究法、诠释学方法的主次变换;逐步构建了研究基本框架。研究成果日渐丰厚,但经过系统梳理、总结发现尚存一定程度的“失语”困境、研究方法层次意识和综合抽象深度不足的忧虑,因此,未来需要重点在推进蒙学读物本真诠释和学术话语连接研究、建构综合且有层次蒙学读物研究方法体系、提升研究者的传统文化涵养和学术研究素养三方面用力。     

陈寅恪学术审查报告呈现的情理分际及内在张力

建立规范而严格的学术评价体系,是构建中国特色哲学社会科学学科体系、学术体系、话语体系的重要组成部分。专业的学术著作审查报告作为学术批评的一种,在整个学术评价体系中占有不可或缺的地位。中国近现代学术批评发展过程中,情与理是两个重要的影响因素。二者共同组成中国学术批评的基本内容,构成有别于西方的评价体系和评价标准,具有浓厚的中国特色。就学术研究而言,现代学人对二者的关注并不均衡,其中关于理的层面谈论较多,而情的层面谈论较少,对于二者之间的关系仅有只言片语的涉及。陈寅恪为冯友兰《中国哲学史》上下两册所写的审查报告蕴含着三对情与理的关系,即学人交往之情与奉命审查之理、主观想象之情与客观真实之理、文言表述之情与思想呈现之理。三对情与理相互关联又相对独立,错综复杂地交织在一起,表现出一定的内在张力。这种张力一方面让陈寅恪的学术批评看上去挥洒自如,逸趣横生,充分照顾各种情感因素的同时,为学术界提供了高深的学理阐释,提升了学术批评的层次;另一方面也让陈寅恪在学术批评的情与理之间徘徊游离,文风回环往复,雅训有致,如一种高妙而孤傲的语言游戏,呈现言人人殊的状况。借助个案研究进而阐释不同层次的情与理以及二者之间的关系,有利于加深现代学人对于陈寅恪独特哲思和情怀的认知,也有利于扩展现代学人对于传统人文精神和学术批评意蕴的感悟,从而为构建中国特色哲学社会科学学科体系、学术体系、话语体系提供历史营养和理论源泉。     

创新活动空间集聚及其驱动因素国外研究进展评述

对国外有关创新活动空间集聚的研究文献进行梳理,分析了现有研究取得的成就和存在的问题,对未来研究的几个待突破的方面进行了展望。     

论我国经营者集中审查制度的缺陷与完善

经营者集中反垄断审查是从时间、空间二重维度规范审查机构及经营者行为的制度安排.欧美申报程序规定大体一致,都采用了申报前的磋商沟通机制,且注重程序的公开;申报内容规定简单明确,但美国规定更细.欧美都注重对当事人辩护权的保护,欧共体执法机构更有权威性和强制性,美国更注重执法机构与当事人负担的平衡,欧美审限规定具体明确,是成本与效率的有效结合.我国应当扩大公开对象范围和事项,完善行政听证程序并规定当事人的辩护权,缩减审查可延长的期限并合理规定期限的中止.     

瞿秋白“历史的工具”论研究综述

近年来,关于瞿秋白提出的＂历史的工具＂论这一命题逐步引起研究者的关注,相关研究文章陆续发表。从这一命题在中国近代思想史特别是中共党史上的价值看,显然还有待深化研究。     

A re-evaluation of random-effects meta-analysis

Summary.  Meta-analysis in the presence of unexplained heterogeneity is frequently undertaken by using a random-effects model, in which the effects underlying different studies are assumed to be drawn from a normal distribution. Here we discuss the justification and interpretation of such models, by addressing in turn the aims of estimation, prediction and hypothesis testing. A particular issue that we consider is the distinction between inference on the mean of the random-effects distribution and inference on the whole distribution. We suggest that random-effects meta-analyses as currently conducted often fail to provide the key results, and we investigate the extent to which distribution-free, classical and Bayesian approaches can provide satisfactory methods. We conclude that the Bayesian approach has the advantage of naturally allowing for full uncertainty, especially for prediction. However, it is not without problems, including computational intensity and sensitivity to a priori judgements. We propose a simple prediction interval for classical meta-analysis and offer extensions to standard practice of Bayesian meta-analysis, making use of an example of studies of 'set shifting' ability in people with eating disorders.     

A simple two-stage design for quantitative responses with application to a study in diabetic neuropathic pain

Two-stage designs offer substantial advantages for early phase II studies. The interim analysis following the first stage allows the study to be stopped for futility, or more positively, it might lead to early progression to the trials needed for late phase II and phase III. If the study is to continue to its second stage, then there is an opportunity for a revision of the total sample size. Two-stage designs have been implemented widely in oncology studies in which there is a single treatment arm and patient responses are binary. In this paper the case of two-arm comparative studies in which responses are quantitative is considered. This setting is common in therapeutic areas other than oncology. It will be assumed that observations are normally distributed, but that there is some doubt concerning their standard deviation, motivating the need for sample size review. The work reported has been motivated by a study in diabetic neuropathic pain, and the development of the design for that trial is described in detail.     

Systematic Effects of Capital Service Price Definition on Perceptions of Input Substitution

Earlier attempts at reconciling disparate substitution elasticity estimates examined differences in separability hypotheses, data bases, and estimation techniques, as well as methods employed to construct capital service prices. Although these studies showed that differences in elasticity estimates between two or three studies may be attributable to the aforementioned features of the econometric models, they have been unable to demonstrate this link statistically and establish the existence of systematic relationships between features of the econometric models and the perception of production technologies generated by those models. Using sectoral data covering the entire production side of the U.S. economy, we estimate 34 production models for alternative definitions of the capital service price. We employ substitution elasticities calculated from these models as dependent variables in the statistical search for systematic relationships between features of the econometric models and perceptions of the sectoral technology as characterized by the elasticities. Statistically significant systematic effects are found between the monotonicity and concavity properties of the cost functions and service price–technical change specifications as well as between substitution elasticities.     

On C pk Assessment in the Presence of Tool Wear

Process capability indices are routinely used in manufacturing industries for process monitoring. A basic assumption while using process capability indices is that there are no assignable causes of variation present. However, when variation due to an assignable cause is present and is tolerated, the conventional methods of capability measurement become inaccurate. In this article, we suggest an estimate of C_pk assuming that the process capability changes dynamically. We obtain an exact form of the sampling distribution in the presence of a systematic assignable cause. We discuss the problem of testing whether a given process is capable. The critical values for different sample sizes are obtained based on the sampling distribution. An example involving tool wear problem is presented.