"三斗坪的故事"--论聂华苓的长篇小说《失去的金铃子》

<失去的金铃子>是一部"往事追忆型"的诗化小说,借抗战时期三峡小镇"三斗坪的故事"描写了一个女孩子的成长过程.小说充满了对淳朴的山乡大自然的无限眷念,蕴涵着透彻的人生感悟、深刻的人性描写,是作者于"绝望的寂寞"中对生活意义的追寻与思考.     

Missing at random (MAR) in nonparametric regression - A simulation experiment

The additive model is considered when some observations on x are missing at random but corresponding observations on y are available. Especially for this model, missing at random is an interesting case because the complete case analysis is expected to be no more suitable. A simulation experiment is reported and the different methods are compared based on their superiority with respect to the sample mean squared error. Some focus is also given on the sample variance and the estimated bias. In detail, the complete case analysis, a kind of stochastic mean imputation, a single imputation and the nearest neighbor imputation are discussed.     

马克思对"人的价值"之类命题的批判

马克思认为"人的价值"之类的命题在本质上是资本主义经济的思想反映.因而,它决非是关于人的本性、尊严和幸福的永恒观念,而仅仅是资产阶级的特殊要求、愿望和幻想的反映.它同共产主义的世界观是根本对立的.在共产主义社会中,新的命题"每一个人的自由发展"将取代陈腐的命题"人的价值".     

教育伦理生态系统探析

教育伦理的内涵根源于人本性的变动性。“人的成长”与教育的“共生同构”关系清晰地映射出教育伦理生态系统。教育价值生态和教育实践生态是教育伦理内涵的充分展开。只有从人的本质为出发点才能真正解释教育的伦理内涵。这对于把握教育伦理生态系统,深刻理解教育实质,加大教育体制改革力度,优化教育资源结构,提高办学效益和水平,都有重要的理论意义和深远的历史意义。     

Continuous outcomes stochastically mismeasured as discrete random variables: a maximum likelihood approach

In an economic model of retirement behavior, a continuous dependent variable was required; the variable could only be estimated discretely with error, however. Parameter estimates using this dependent variable and ordinary least squares regression are inefficient. In th is paper, we develop a maximum likelihood procedure which adjusts for this heteroscedasticity.     

The Economic Efficiency of Sampling Size: The Case of Beef Trim

The economically optimal sample size in a food safety test balances the marginal costs and marginal benefits of increasing the sample size. We provide a method for selecting the sample size when testing beef trim for Escherichia coli O157:H7 that equates the averted costs of recalls and health damages from contaminated meats sold to consumers with the increased costs of testing while allowing for uncertainty about the underlying prevalence rates of contamination. Using simulations, we show that, in most cases, the optimal sample size is larger than the current sample size of 60 and, in some cases, it exceeds 120. Moreover, lots with a lower prevalence rate have a higher expected damage because contamination is more difficult to detect. Our simulations indicate that these lots have a higher optimal sampling rate.     

伊斯兰民主协商制度探析

在丰富多彩的民主概念、民主制度中 ,伊斯兰民主政治的主要表现形式、阿拉伯语读作“舒拉” (shura)的伊斯兰协商制度尤其观点鲜明 ,独具特色。它以伊斯兰原则与精神为指导方针和价值取向 ,对伊斯兰世界的社会、政治生活有着极其重要的影响。本文主要从理论根据、范围形式、协商结果等方面论述了这一制度。     

Welfare generosity, pregnancies and abortions among unmarried AFDC recipients

Even before the 1996 overhaul of the U.S. welfare system, a number of states had ended the practice of paying extra benefits to families who have additional children while receiving welfare. Proponents believe that this reform can reduce births to recipients, however many worry that it may encourage women to obtain abortions. Using a sample of unmarried AFDC recipients from the NLSY, we estimate a bivariate probit model of pregnancy and, conditional on becoming pregnant, the probability of abortion. Our results lend some support for the proposition that reducing incremental AFDC benefits will decrease pregnancies without increasing abortions. Received: 16 April 1998/Accepted: 11 March 1999     

加强关心下一代工作委员会在预防未成年人犯罪中的作用

预防未成年人犯罪是一项社会系统工程。本文就关心下一代工作委员会,如何有效进行预防未成年人犯罪工作,从其组织建设和工作机制两个方面作了较为具体的分析。