我国农村社会养老保险制度发展现状与存在的主要问题

我国农村社会养老保险制度的发展现状不容乐观,如何扩大和提高农村社会养老保险的覆盖率和生活保障实效仍然是制度建设的重点。农村社会养老保险制度存在的主要问题是:家庭养老面临挑战,制度保障水平低;覆盖面小,共济性差;制度上的不稳定性;管理水平低。     

Choice of reinforcement rates and work rates with concurrent schedules

A constrained optimisation theory or choice in concurrent schedules of reinforcement is presented. The theory posits that subjects evaluate both reinforcement rates and the work rates required to produce them and select the most highly valued combination. The chosen reinforcement rate is obtained by efficiently allocating work rate across schedules. The theory provides a unified explanation for maximisation of the overall reinforcement rate, the law of least effort, choice under Conc FR FR, Conc VR VR. Conc VI VI and Conc VI VR schedules, and choice of work rate.     

Unemployment and economic psychology: An introduction

Starting from literature a short sequential scheme is being presented, including contextual and causal factors of employment, phenomenal aspects of unemployment, moderator variables, effects and lastly interventions and solutions.General aspects as well as more restricted aspects of unemployment as an area of research within economic psychology are mentioned. The contributions within this issue are discussed in connection with the scheme and the different aspects that were distinguished.     

IDPT──一个可互操作的数据库平台

构造可互操作的数据库平台，是目前在计算机网络环境下实现异种数据库互操作性的一种有效途径。数据库互操作性必须提供对远程数据库资源的透明访问，并隐藏异种数据库系统间的差异。按照这样的原则，提出一种基于客户／服务器体系结构来实现可互操作数据库平台的方案。该方案首次将ＯＤＰ的交易技术引入到数据库互操作性的实现中，较好地解决了透明性和可扩展性的问题。文中将主要介绍ＩＤＰＴ的体系结构、交易器的功能、上下文空间及服务代理。     

新型工业化与沈阳大都市圈的重构

将沈阳都市圈建设成为中国重要的装备产业基地是中国21世纪初工业化和城市化发展中最为响亮的声音之一,它将拉动中国东北老工业基地改造的序幕,成为加速中国发展新型工业化、建设世界制造业基地的重大举措。沈阳建设中国装备产业基地需要走出四大误区:将建设装备产业基地等同于一般发展装备产业、将发展装备产业基地等同于建立完善的制造业体系、建立装备产业基地主要以现有的企业为依托、建立装备产业基地主要就是发展制造业。沈阳都市圈的建设需要汲取前20年中国发展的经验教训,谋求工业化和城市化协调发展,为此,必须加速政府职能转变,强化与新型工业化相适应的六大职能。     

农村资源、生态、环境问题与社会主义新农村建设

当前农村存在许多问题,如耕地减少,水资源匮乏,生态入侵,环境污染等。这些问题的存在都不利于社会主义新农村建设。社会主义新农村建设要求生产发展、资源持续、村容村貌整洁。根据当前农村存在的问题,结合新农村建设的要求,提出了建设“生产发展”、“村容整洁”的社会主义新农村的对策和措施,供有关方面参考。     

浅谈古典诗词的鉴赏

本文介绍了鉴赏古典诗词的几种常用方法 :首先 ,联系创作背景 ,理解诗词立意 ;其次 ,依据体裁特征 ,领会诗情画意 ;再次 ,剖析关键词语 ,分析修辞手法 ,熟悉表现手法     

Nd:YAG激光器在医学上的应用与改进

激光医学是一门新兴的边缘学科 ,本文就Nd :YAG激光器在医学上应用的物理原理、光等特性和器件结构等进行了分析和探索 ,并提出了改进意见。     

Earnings assimilation of immigrants in Norway – A reappraisal

The relative earnings growth for immigrants in Norway is computed. Unlike Hayfron (1998, this journal) we define immigrants by country of origin rather than citizenship and perform separate studies of immigrants from inside and outside the OECD region. Replicating Hayfron op.cit. we find that the earnings assimilation is considerably weaker. Further, we find that the earnings of OECD immigrants are comparable to those of natives, while Non-OECD immigrants earn considerably less than natives at the time of entry, but that their relative earnings improve gradually over time. Earnings of different immigrant cohorts converged from 1980 to 1990, indicating a non-linear rate of assimilation. Received: 7 April 2000/Accepted: 4 January 2001