Class locations,consumption locations,and the geography of voting in England

Much ecological analysis of voting patterns in England has been concerned to show (a) the importance of occupational class as a determinant of electoral behavior, and (b) that deviations from a predicted pattern based on class variables are consistent with the neighborhood effect hypothesis. Recently, Dunleavy has criticized both these orientations, replacing them with the concept of consumption locations. The present paper shows, using a new procedure to estimate voting at the constituency level, that there still remain spatial variations to be accounted for.     

Small-sample comparisons for the Rukhin goodness-of-fit-statistics

Rukhin's statistic family for goodness-of-fit, under the null hypothesis, has asymptotic chi-squared distribution; however, for small samples the chi-squared approximation in some cases does not well agree with the exact distribution. In this paper we consider this approximation and other three to get appropriate test levels in comparison with the exact level. Moreover, exact power comparisons for several values of the parameter under specified alternatives provide that the classical Pearson's statistic, obtained as a particular case of Rukhin statistic, can be improved by choosing other statistics from the family. An explanation is proposed in terms of the effects of individual cell frequencies on the Rukhin statistic. This work was supported in part by the DGCYT grants No. PR156/97-7159 and PB96-0635     

Analysis of multivariate categorical data with misclassification errors by triple sampling schemes

Previous work has been carried out on the use of double-sampling schemes for inference from categorical data subject to misclassification. The double-sampling schemes utilize a sample of n units classified by both a fallible and true device and another sample of n₂ units classified only by a fallible device. In actual applications, one often hasavailable a third sample of n₁ units, which is classified only by the true device. In this article we develop techniques of fitting log-linear models under various misclassification structures for a general triple-sampling scheme. The estimation is by maximum likelihood and the fitted models are hierarchical. The methodology is illustrated by applying it to data in traffic safety research from a study on the effectiveness of belts in reducing injuries.     

On tests for normality of experimental error in ridge regression

Considered are tests for normality of the errors in ridge regression. If an intercept is included in the model, it is shown that test statistics based on the empirical distribution function of the ridge residuals have the same limiting distribution as in the one-sample test for normality with estimated mean and variance. The result holds with weak assumptions on the behavior of the independent variables; asymptotic normality of the ridge estimator is not required.     

Subhypotheses testing against restricted alternatives for the Cox regression model

For the Cox regression model involving both design and concomitant variates, testing of subhypotheses against restricted alternatives based on the partial likelihood scores is considered. Orthant, ordered as well as the ordered orthant alternatives are considered in this context. Roy's union-intersection principle plays a vital role in this development. Properties of the proposed tests are also studied.     

A construction of repeated measurements designs with balance for residual effects

Families of Repeated Measurements Designs balanced for residual effects are constructed (whenever the divisibility conditions allow), under the assumption that the number of periods is less than the number of treatments and that each treatment precedes each other treatment once. These designs are then shown to be connected for both residual and direct treatment effects.     

On the normal approximation of an estimate of the mean residual life of a multicomponent system

An estimate of the mean residual life function of a complex system of k independent identically distributed components is proposed and studied with emphasis being on the order of normal approximation.     

Inference for step-stress accelerated life tests

In this paper we consider the more realistic aspect of accelerated life testing wherein the stress on an unfailed item is allowed to increase at a preassigned test time. Such tests are known as step-stress tests. Our approach is nonparametric in that we do not make any assumptions about the underlying distribution of life lengths. We introduce a model for step-stress testing which is based on the ideas of shock models and of wear processes. This model unifies and generalizes two previously proposed models for step-stress testing. We propose an estimator for the life distribution under use conditions stress and show that this estimator is strongly consistent.     

东亚经济合作的构想与难题

东亚经济合作是提升亚洲经济竞争力的必然选择,在"10+3"机制下建立东亚自由贸易区将成为东亚经济合作的目标,但东亚经济合作的前景仍将曲折而艰难,面临很多挑战,需要东亚国家的共同努力.     

A k-sample slippage test for location parameter

Lewis (1972) has proposed a test for the slippage of the location parameter of k- populations when the direction of the slippage is unknown. In this paper, an extension of this test is proposed. The distribution of the test statistic is obtained under the null hypothesis of no slippage and the power of the test is compared with that of another competitive test proposed by Conover (1968).