从心所欲不逾矩——译者主体性在张爱玲译作《海上花》中的体现

张爱玲以她卓越的创作与翻译成就成为20世纪中国文坛上一道亮丽的风景,但国内对张爱玲的研究明显偏重于她的创作。本文拟以张爱玲译作《海上花》为个案,从译者主体性角度对这一文本进行解读,以期对其翻译观进行梳理,抛砖引玉,为张爱玲翻译研究尽微薄之力。     

对顾恺之"迁想妙得"命题的再思考

顾恺之的“迁想妙得”命题过去只认为是指明了想象在艺术创造中的作用及想象自由的特点。本文则认为该命题概括了艺术想象的普遍规律。“迁想妙得”不仅指艺术形象要超越生活形象 ,发生形变 ;并且指要发生理变 ,即在艺术想象中由遵循生活逻辑、理性逻辑转换成遵循艺术逻辑、情感逻辑。     

追寻《我们的祖先》实现自我的“童话”之旅

《我们的祖先》是意大利当代著名小说家卡尔维诺五十年代的代表作。在这部小说中,作家深刻地关注社会现实和人类生存的本质问题,以童话(寓言)手法隐喻了现代社会里人迷失自我、失去完整性、焦虑迷惘的生存状态,并对人的追寻自我、确证自我的艰辛历程进行了深入的思索。本文着力通过对《我们的祖先》三部曲的分析来探讨现代社会中个体的生存本质、并寻觅出一条通向"存在"——"完整"——"自由"的实现自我之路。     

日本短期大学对我国专科教育的启示

日本短期大学属于地方性短期高等教育,以其开放式招生、灵活的办学方式,多功能的职能服务于地方,为国家的经济和社会发展作出了贡献.研究其历史,分析其现状,对改革我国专科教育,推进我国高等教育的大众化有着重要的借鉴意义.     

神经网络用于精确预言含F铋系高温超导的T_C

本工作通过选取适当的拓朴结构,特别是对零电阻转变温度 T_c 的数据采用压缩与还原的技术处理,建立了一个基于误差反向传播(简记为 B-P)算法的人工神经网络。该网络可根据制备含 F 铋系高温超导材料的几个主要实验参数,相当精确地预言此类超导体的 T_c。本方法显然具有一般意义,从而有力地促进了材料的计算机辅助设计的研究工作,使之进一步趋于成熟。     

Musculoskeletal problems in bricklayers as a function of length of employment: The role of secondary selection by low-back pain

Low-back problems that are caused by heavy physical work should increase with the length of employment. In a cross-sectional study 195 bricklayers were interviewed and subjected to a medical examination concerned with complaints and functional impairments of the musculoskeletal systems of different body regions (neck/shoulder, arms/hands, back, hip/legs/feet). Summary variables for complaints and impairments indicated an increase with increasing age. Contrary to expectation, in pairs of bricklayers of the same age, but different length of employment, a general decline of complaints and impairments with longer employment was observed. This finding suggested a healthy worker effect. In a follow-up the turnover rate among 190 of the 195 bricklayers of the original study was determined. Bricklayers who had quit the job had a higher incidence of low-back troubles before leaving than bricklayers who had stayed in the job; the relation between turnover and low-back problems was limited to bricklayers older than about 40 years.     

诗作同时同地，诗味风格迥异——何其芳《我们最伟大的节日》、沈从文《黄昏和午夜》的阅读体验

1949年新中国成立事件对知识分子造成的心理影响是有差异的,本文以两首诗歌——何其芳《我们最伟大的节日》、沈从文《黄昏和午夜》——为评价中介。两首诗的主题明显针对新中国成立事件,表现出知识分子在时代选择面前的差异性:何其芳的《我们最伟大的节日》表达了诗人的身份优越感——时代的主人、充满朝气的青壮年,以及由此身份延展出来的诗歌格调的高昂与雄浑;沈从文的《黄昏和午夜》却结合诗人自己的现实处境表达了他对时局的看法,他更像一个被时代遗忘的老人,由此身份使诗歌显示出一种低沉而凄婉的风格,犹如挽歌的变调。这形成两首诗歌的诗味的迥异。     

《小城风光》:日常生活仪式的永恒性

《小城风光》(OurTown,1938)是美国杰出作家桑顿·怀尔德(ThorntonWilder1897-1975)的代表剧作。怀尔德在作品中赋予人生重要时刻以仪式原形的意义,把日常琐事呈现在不分时间空间的宇宙视角之下进行观照,并通过剧作中人物的感叹、对话以及诸多细节暗示出平常人的平常生活的永恒不朽。     

Quasi-experimental evaluation using confirmatory procedures: A case study of an economic and social empowerment intervention to reduce girls’ vulnerability to HIV in rural Mozambique

PurposeOur goal was to determine whether an economic and social empowerment intervention implemented in Zambézia Province, Mozambique reduced girls’ vulnerability to HIV. We use this experience to discuss challenges of evaluating real-world interventions.MethodsTwo rounds of data were collected from 885 girls, 13–19 years, for this clustered, non-equivalent (two-stage) cohort trial. We used multi-level exact matching and difference-in-differences estimation to estimate intervention effects on two outcomes: girls’ knowledge of gender-based violence and school attendance.ResultsEstimates of two outcomes analysed indicated no statistically significant intervention effects. Preliminary analysis of data from the intervention group revealed this study was unable to obtain accurate measures for five outcomes related to HIV vulnerability.ConclusionsAlthough our study did not find evidence of impact on the a priori selected outcomes, we report on our experience implementing this robust methodologic design and describe how the challenges encountered in this program setting affected our ability to attain results. We recommend prospective evaluation designs with random allocation be accommodated early during planning. When not possible, quasi-experimental studies should collect data from large samples. To reduce measurement bias, biological endpoints such sexually transmitted infections should serve as primary outcomes for programs intending to reduce sexual behaviors.     

“超女”潮起潮落到“快女”与常青树“美国偶像”对比背后的深层次思考

2005年超级女生登上它的顶峰,2009年改头换面的快乐女生没有出现主办方期待的卷土重来,而通常被认为超级女声、快乐女生模板的美国偶像却一如既往的延续着辉煌。通过多角度、多形式较为全面的分析比较了超女、快女与美国偶像的主要差异,在此基础上分析比较了超女、快女与美国偶像外部社会结构情境的差异,并从三个方面对差异背后的深层次问题进行了思考。