CAI在动物学教学中的应用与研究

本文通过分析动物学课程的特点和传统教学方法的不足,探讨了CA I在动物学教学中的独特优势以及CA I在动物学教学中值得注意的几个问题。     

基于多媒体下制图教学效率研究

随着多媒体技术的发展 ,以讲解、板书为主的教学模式发生了改变 ,多媒体技术越来越广泛用于教学。教师讲课时间缩短 ,信息量增大 ,教学效率提高。针对制图教学特点 ,本文通过两个教学实例 ,分析了多媒体教学在提高教学效率中所起的作用     

基于网络的多媒体CAI课件的研究与实现

介绍了一种新型的网络多媒体 CAI课件的开发与实现 ,它将网络与多媒体相结合 ,充分发挥了 Web浏览器所具有的多媒体特性和网络的交互性 ,克服了传统 CAI课件的缺点和不足 ,具有很高的实用性和推广性     

The Effects of Memory Structure on Using Rule-Based Expert Systems for Training: A Framework and an Empirical Test*

One justification for eliciting and representing the judgment strategy of an expert in a rule-based expert system (RBES) is to facilitate knowledge transfer to individuals with less expertise. However, prior research suggests complexities and potential problems when using RBESs for training. In this paper, a conceptual framework of user learning from RBESs is presented. It is proposed that learning may be ineffective when the problem representation of the RBES is inconsistent with the user's mental representation of the task-domain knowledge. An experiment was conducted to examine the effects of consistency (inconsistency) between the problem-solving strategy of RBESs and individuals' memory structures. Groups of subjects whose memory structure either matched or did not match two RBESs' problem-solving strategies were examined using an internal control evaluation task. The results suggest that learning was facilitated only for groups with congruence between the RBES's problem-solving strategy and a subject's memory structure.     

Linking IT Applications with Manufacturing Strategy: An Intelligent Decision Support System Approach

Research has indicated the importance of matching Information Technology (IT) applications or manufacturing systems with the competitive strategy of a company. Selection of the right type of IT application is, however, a challenging task. When a company with a given dominant process structure emphasizes two or more competitive priorities, such as quality, product flexibility, etc., an unaided manager faces a complex decision problem in choosing from alternative IT applications available in the areas of product design through distribution. In this paper, we develop an Intelligent Decision Support System (IDSS) to assist managers with assessment of the relative importance of competitive priorities in their organization, evaluation of the fit between the competitive priorities and their dominant process structure, and identification of the IT applications that are consistent with both the competitive priorities and the process structure. The IDSS is comprised of an interactive user interface, a knowledge database, a decision model, and a Knowledge-Based System (KBS) that was developed using the 1st Class KBS shell. Validation of the system illustrates that its performance is as good as the human expert, and it has the potential to facilitate effective and swift decision making in the selection of appropriate IT applications that best match an organization's manufacturing strategy. The choice and use of the right type of IT application should provide a company with a competitive edge.     

Project‐Level Reuse Factors: Drivers for Variation within Software Development Environments*

Systematic reuse can dramatically improve software development productivity and quality even though a software reuse methodology may require substantial investments. Some projects may fail to achieve the targeted amounts of reuse within organizations that are overall successful in employing reuse. To explain such variation, this research explores the effects of project‐level factors in the success of software reuse. A model that relates project factors to project reuse success is developed using an information‐rich case study approach. The results are based on the insights obtained in a nominal group technique session, triangulated with structured interviews and comparative case studies. Success factors identified by the study relate to client influence, project culture, project attributes, and developer reuse experience. An organization that can successfully identify the factors affecting potential software reuse will be able to better target investments for the improvement of its reuse methodology and thus positively affect its software development productivity and quality.     

Modeling Network Latency and Parallel Processing in Distributed Database Design

The design of responsive distributed database systems is a key concern for information systems managers. In high bandwidth networks latency and local processing are the most significant factors in query and update response time. Parallel processing can be used to minimize their effects, particularly if it is considered at design time. It is the judicious replication and placement of data within a network that enable parallelism to be effectively used. However, latency and parallel processing have largely been ignored in previous distributed database design approaches. We present a comprehensive approach to distributed database design that develops efficient combinations of data allocation and query processing strategies that take full advantage of parallelism. We use a genetic algorithm to enable the simultaneous optimization of data allocation and query processing strategies. We demonstrate that ignoring the effects of latency and parallelism at design time can result in the selection of unresponsive distributed database designs.     

一体化速即机PC制版系统

本文作者提出了一种简捷而新颖的一体化速印机ＰＣ制版方法，并在实际应用中取得了很好的效果，各项技术指标均超过了当今国内外同类产品．本文在介绍一体化速印机的基本结构和工作原理的基础上，阐述了ＰＣ制版系统的总体方案及其硬件和软件的实现方法．     

Occupational Technologists as an Occupational Community: Ethnographic Evidence

This paper uses qualitative research data, obtained from ethnographic fieldwork at a US software development firm, to demonstrate that a group of skilled workers in the Internet economy constitute an 'occupational community'. A conceptual framework for identifying occupational communities is described, along with relevant findings from previous ethnographic research on skilled workers in computer-related occupations. The Internet technologists at the company share collaborative work practices, identify closely with one another, adopt a distinctive use of language, and possess other characteristics indicating their participation in an occupational community. These findings are part of a longitudinal research study of the firm's organizational culture.     

C语言与交互式计算机辅助图形应用软件的开发

本文介绍了在ＩＢＭ－ＰＣ机上使用Ｃ语言开发交互式图形软件的方法。文章结合一个图形系统实例介绍了人一机交互界面的设计、图形编辑功能的实现和图形的缩放、剪切、修改、存储以及图形打印输出等实用技术。