Consumer fraud victimization and financial well-being

Using US household panel data, we provide evidence of a strong negative association between consumer fraud victimization and individuals’ perception of their financial well-being. We show that this effect is homogenous among the population and mainly stems from victimization through misrepresentation of information as well as misusage of money by third parties. We disentangle two potential channels through which victimization might reduce perceived financial well-being: psychological consequences (loss of confidence in financial matters) and economic consequences (decrease in net wealth). Our results show that fraud is more negatively associated with a loss in individuals’ confidence in financial matters than with declines in their net worth. Our findings suggest that people tend to doubt their abilities to handle financial matters after having fallen prey to fraud, which in turn carries major implications for subsequent financial decision making.     

论以外资技术扩散发展湖北高新技术产业路径

面对国内外市场的激烈竞争,在自主技术创新有限的情况下,吸引外资,促进外资技术扩散,对湖北高新技术产业竞争力的提高将起到重要的作用。应从技术扩散行为主体的角度,找出外资技术扩散的主要制约因素;根据武汉光通信产业链的现状,寻求促进外资技术扩散和加快湖北高新技术产业发展的路径。     

我国存在霸王条款的深层原因检讨与反思

通过对我国霸王条款存在现状的叙述与存在问题的归纳以及域外立法对霸王条款法律规制的考察,可以发现:霸王条款之所以在我国盛行,除了有在一般市场经济国家产生的共性原因外,其深层原因是我国存在行政性垄断、消费者维权渠道不畅、公民法律意识淡薄等。因此,规制霸王条款的根本出路在于打破垄断,完善反垄断的相关立法,同时还必须通过加快修改和完善消费者保护立法,以提升消费者维权意识和能力。     

竞争战略视角下的汽车大规模定制

波特认为差异化和成本领先这两个基本战略通常是不相容的,二者很难做到兼顾。大规模定制将大规模生产与定制生产这两个看似矛盾的生产模式有机地结合在一起,企业在利用规模化的低成本的同时,还能快速地满足客户对产品提出的差异化需求．从而实现低成本与差异化的有效融合。从竞争战略的角度比较了汽车大规模定制与大规模生产、完全定制的不同特征,并提出了实施汽车大规模定制战略的策略。     

消费者行为经济控制论模型

居民消费是国内需求的重要组成部分,居民的消费行为对一国的经济增长具有重要的意义.1997年至2002年间中国经济增长放缓,在很大程度上受到居民消费下降的影响.因此,在实行积极的财政政策的时候要充分研究、了解消费者的行为特征,才能取得良好的效果.从影响消费者行为的关键因素展开,以经济控制论为工具,研究了消费者的行为模式,动态地描述了消费、储蓄和收入之间的关系,并对如何刺激中国国内消费提出了政策性的建议.     

What Are the Sources of Exposure to Eight Frequently Used Phthalic Acid Esters in Europeans?

Phthalic acid esters (phthalates) are used as plasticizers in numerous consumer products, commodities, and building materials. Consequently, phthalates are found in human residential and occupational environments in high concentrations, both in air and in dust. Phthalates are also ubiquitous food and environmental contaminants. An increasing number of studies sampling human urine reveal the ubiquitous phthalate exposure of consumers in industrialized countries. At the same time, recent toxicological studies have demonstrated the potential of the most important phthalates to disturb the human hormonal system and human sexual development and reproduction. Additionally, phthalates are suspected to trigger asthma and dermal diseases in children. To find the important sources of phthalates in Europeans, a scenario-based approach is applied here. Scenarios representing realistic exposure situations are generated to calculate the age-specific range in daily consumer exposure to eight phthalates. The scenarios demonstrate that exposure of infant and adult consumers is caused by different sources in many cases. Infant consumers experience significantly higher daily exposure to phthalates in relation to their body weight than older consumers. The use of consumer products and different indoor sources dominate the exposure to dimethyl, diethyl, benzylbutyl, diisononyl, and diisodecyl phthalates, whereas food has a major influence on the exposure to diisobutyl, dibutyl, and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalates. The scenario-based approach chosen in the present study provides a link between the knowledge on emission sources of phthalates and the concentrations of phthalate metabolites found in human urine.     

论消费社会中产品的编码解码

在消费社会中，消费行为更倾向于象征性活动。正是通过对产品进行编码和解码，使符号发生作用，内在的文化价值意义显现，人们的种种消费需求才得以实现。文章初探亍产品消费中关于符号产生和发生作用的基本过程，尝试在复杂的表象中对其做简洁明了的解释。     

关于低价倾销的理论认识

低价倾销在有关法规中的界定是清楚和明确的 ,但如何正确理解和认识并不简单。那种认为低价倾销在中国经济中是一种普遍现象的看法值得商榷。经营者所处的市场环境以及供求关系等在界定低价倾销行为时都是必须考虑的。政府反低价倾销具有复杂性     

绿色营销发展现状及国内绿色营销的发展途径

随着全球环保运动的发展 ,绿色营销在国外逐渐推广。本文提出了绿色营销的四力模型 ,从消费者、企业、政府、环保非政府组织四个方面比较了国内外绿色营销的状况 ,分析了国内绿色营销的问题 ,并提出了促进国内绿色营销的途径。本文认为国外绿色营销的主要力量是消费者的拉动力 ,而国内绿色营销应该以部分“深绿色”企业为主要推动力     

内蒙古城乡居民生活水平定量研究

本研究旨在得出指导内蒙古各盟、市消费支出的有效途径,应用恩格尔系数及其评价标准,通过内蒙古12个地区农村及城镇居民时间序列数据,分析了食品支出在居民支出的比例,得出了这12个盟(市)的食品支出结构排序,在此基础上分析了影响内蒙古自治区居民恩格尔系数的因素,提出促进内蒙古各盟、市居民食品支出的健康发展途径.