对解决大学毕业生工作经验问题的思考

大学毕业生就业难的重要原因之一是缺乏用人单位强调的“实践经验”。本文认为，首先，在变化加剧的时代一个人的经验依赖，特别是专业技术上的经验依赖是有限的，用人单位更应当考察大学生的“可雇佣性”。其次，解决大学毕业生初次就业的社会实践和工作经验问题是高校、用人单位和学生三方共同的责任。     

Valuing housework time from willingness to spend time and money for environmental quality improvements

We develop a new approach to assessing the value of home production time based on willingness to spend time and money to obtain environmental improvements. When peoples’ choice is constrained by time as well as money, measures of willingness to pay can be defined with respect to either numeraire. In a model that explicitly allows for multiple shadow values of time, we show that the willingness to pay time and money measures are linked through the value of saving time. With survey information on peoples’ willingness to spend additional time on housework activities, as well as pay money, to obtain environmental quality improvements, joint estimation within a utility-consistent structure produces estimates of both willingness to pay and the value of saving housework time. From the value of saving housework time, the marginal value of housework time can be readily identified. When applied to Korean households’ valuation of water quality improvements in the Man Kyoung River, we find that the value of housework time is 70–80% of the market wage.

中国地方政府债务的结构性风险

在或有债务不确定触发地方政府代偿的现实背景下,本文对地方政府显性债务和或有债务的结构性风险进行了模型刻画,给出了两类债务违约概率的显示解及其估计方法。基于地方政府报告的显性债务和审计署的有关公告等,本文对地方政府的显性债务和或有债务规模进行了结构性分解和估算,多视角估计了不同久期（或平均债务到期时间）下的两类债务的结构性风险状态,同时对比分析了其变动趋势。模型估计表明：地方政府债务风险的主要形态是或有债务的不确定触发,在部分时段内,地方政府的结构性代偿压力明显较大,但债券置换等旨在拉长债务久期的政策设计有助于缓释地方政府债务的信用风险边界,降低地方政府的结构性代偿压力。本文用具体数字揭示了地方政府债务的结构性风险状况及其变动趋势,以及地方政府债务久期之伸缩与其代偿压力之间的定量关系。     

Editors' Introduction

For the professional middle class in information industries, “working from home” is an increasingly common feature of the employment landscape, resulting from the affordability and portability of information and communication technologies (ICTs). The phrase invokes a sense of freedom from the banality of the traditional office, offering flexibility in both working hours and location when other commitments prevail. In recent debates in Australian politics, working from home is also offered as an empowered choice for women who seek to combine paid work and childcare duties, thereby consecrating a preferable version of (post)feminist subjectivity suited to neoliberal economics and ideologies. This paper shows how these subjectivities have been represented in recent ICT advertising for two purposes: firstly, to highlight the role of mainstream media in normalising preferred uses of new media technology for work purposes; and secondly, to note how this process contributes to wider discourses limiting the aspirations of middle-class feminist politics to an individual level. In doing so, the paper seeks to question the ethical horizon of new media advertising as well as the feminist and labour politics upon which its appeal relies.     

学龄前儿童抚育模式的转型与工作着的母亲

在中国计划经济向市场经济的转型过程中,城市学龄前儿童抚育模式也在转型。计划经济时代,学龄前儿童抚育工作作为＂公家事务＂,使工作着的母亲获得了可能的职业发展空间。随着市场经济的发展,学龄前儿童的抚育模式转向以市场理性选择为主的家庭和个人责任,独生子女政策更进一步强化了母亲与孩子成长优劣间的关系,工作着的母亲深感压力,母亲角色与职业角色间的冲突加剧。应当建立支持学龄前儿童抚育的国家制度,倡导公共托儿所和幼儿园的重新建设,解决职业女性的后顾之忧。     

Conditional payments and self-protection

Self-protection can be financed either by upfront payments or by conditional payments (or contingent fees) in which individuals pay a provider only when a favorable outcome is realized. We find that, from the vantage point of a risk-averse individual, conditional payments welfare dominate upfront payments in the state-independent framework, but upfront payments welfare dominate conditional payments in the state-dependent framework. Moreover, more risk aversion always implies more self-protection under conditional payments, for both state-independent and state-dependent frameworks. In contrast, it has been previously argued that more risk aversion does not necessarily imply more self-protection under upfront payments.

大学生兼职期间权益法律保障探析——以陕西大学生兼职调查报告分析

大学生作为一个特殊的群体,其法律关系与其他群体相比较具有一定的特殊性和多重性。大学生兼职的权益损害现象比较普遍,现今相关法律对其的保护还相当薄弱,只有修订和完善现有的劳动法律法规;加强教育主管单位和学校对兼职学生维权的意识以及强调相关单位的社会责任等,其状况才能改善。     

对提高我院教育教学质量的认识

提高教育教学质量是学院的生命之所在。为此 ,学院的领导及全体教职员工都必须把思想统一到“教学科研为中心”的思想上来 ,必须努力加强师资队伍建设 ,建立良好的运行机制 ,认真抓好诸如制定教学大纲、加强教材建设、实行教考分离等项基础性工作 ,改进并严格各项教学管理 ,促使学院的教育教学质量上一个大台阶     

大学生步入社会前的择业期望与准备

1999年和2000年全国高等学校招生规模分别增长了47.4%和25%,招生规模迅速扩大对大学毕业生就业提出了新的挑战。大学毕业生就业问题直接关系到国家经济发展、社会稳定以及高校的生存和发展。探索毕业生择业的有关问题,加强对大学生就业能力的培养,越来越成为高校和社会关注的焦点。