关于大学生兼职的调查与建议

当前,大学生兼职已日益成为一种潮流和趋势,但在兼职市场并不成熟的情况下,许多大学生一不小心就落入兼职的"美丽"陷阱之中。鉴于此,针对大学生兼职这个主题,在部分高校展开了调查。通过分析统计,有针对性地提出大学生兼职预防"美丽"陷阱的建议与对策,以增强大学生自我保护的意识。     

‘Caring/Sharing’: Gender and Horizontal Co‐ordination in the Workplace

Classical organizational theory assumes a hierarchical structure and the vertical co‐ordination of work. Horizontal co‐ordination between organizational participants is currently recognized only at upper and middle organizational levels. This qualitative study of workers at the lowest rungs of the organizational hierarchy finds that they do engage in horizontal co‐ordination by working together in ways that are invisible. This study also finds differences between same‐sex work groups in how they perceive working together. The caring/sharing phenomenon describes the sharing of work, and the implementation of horizontal co‐ordination, undertaken in the context of caring relationships among work colleagues, all of whom were women. Women and men working in same‐sex work groups differ in their conceptions of how those work groups form and how they function. The findings from this study indicate that common conceptions of teams and teamwork may in fact be male norms of horizontal co‐ordination.     

生态行政视角下的绿色就业研究

随着低碳经济时代的到来,出现了一个全新的研究领域——绿色就业。目前我国各种绿色产业正在迅速增长,使我国拥有创造绿色就业机会的最佳条件,但也存在与绿色就业相关的法律体系不健全等问题。鉴此,要充分发挥政府引导作用,促进绿色就业,是实现＂两型社会＂,建设美丽中国的最佳选择。     

A Latent Growth Curve Model of Nonmarital Births,Abortions, and Pregnancies: Did Welfare Reform Play a Role in Changing the Trajectories?

This article uses latent growth models to examine the effect of three welfare reform policies, viz., family caps, stricter work requirements, and time limits on fertility outcomes. The study is the first to extend the application of this statistical modeling approach to an examination of reproductive behavior. Using state level panel data for 1992–2005 we attempt to determine if welfare reform has contributed to changes in the trajectories of nonmarital births, abortions, and pregnancies beyond what would have naturally occurred through the passage of time. Our results show that states vary considerably in both their mean initial level as well as linear trajectories of fertility outcomes and that welfare reform has helped hasten the decline in nonmarital births, abortions, and pregnancies.     

Not only men but also migrants in non-traditional occupations

Domestic labour is considered a typical female job, and due to the arrival of large migration flows to Italy it has experienced a massive ethnicized connotation, peculiar of this sector. This paper focuses on how a double and subaltern condition of belonging to a ‘minority group’ affects gender perceptions of male migrant domestic workers and how they construct their masculinity.

This research is based on a comparison between 54 interviews with male and female migrant domestic workers, drawing on an intersectional approach based on gender and nationality. It shows how moving across borders, living in a host society, and working in a non-traditional job can reshape male immigrants' gender division perceptions, often in contradictory and unexpected ways. It also emerges how the ‘racial glass escalator’ allows reaffirmation of characteristics tied to the privileges of masculinity and furnishes an important and useful framework in which to analyse the experience of men in ‘female’ occupations.     

A two-sample test for threshold crossing latent variables with application to valuation studies

Summary.  Contingent valuation researchers are often interested in a comparison of the underlying willingness-to-pay distributions in two independent studies. Since willingness to pay is not observable, traditional testing procedures for comparing distributions cannot be applied directly. The paper proposes a permutation test for this sort of comparison. The main distinguishing characteristic of the test proposed is that it does not rely on asymptotic approximations and facilitates the introduction of covariates. The permutation test is illustrated with the case of projects of investment for the improvement of two important Brazilian river basins.     

Hours,Scheduling and Flexibility for Women in the US Low‐Wage Labour Force

Research on women's experiences with work schedules and flexibility tends to focus on professional women in high‐paying careers, despite women's far greater prevalence in low‐wage jobs. This paper seeks to contribute to our understanding of the work‐hours problems faced by women precariously employed in low‐wage jobs by addressing how work‐on‐demand scheduling and other features of part‐time labour in the neoliberal economy limit women's ability to make ends meet. Using data from 17 in‐depth interviews, we identify four themes — unpredictable schedules, inadequate hours, time theft and punishment‐and‐control via hours‐reduction — and the problems they present. Results suggest that much‐championed flexible work policies that seek to encourage women's career advancement may have little bearing on the work‐hours dilemmas faced by low‐wage women workers. We conclude that social change efforts need to encompass work policies geared to low‐wage workers, such as guaranteed minimum hours and increases in the minimum wage.     

大学生兼职现状、影响因素与对策分析——以安徽新华学院为例

学生兼职已成为当前大学校园中的普遍现象,是高等教育管理者面临的亟待解决的问题.以安徽新华学院为例,通过问卷调查与深度访谈相结合的方法,对大学生的兼职现状与动机进行深入研究发现,兼职在给大学得到实践锻炼和经济收益的同时也存在一定的问题:大学生缺乏长远的兼职规划,缺乏专业的兼职指导,社会保障不健全.必须从学生自身、学校、社会和家长四个层面规范大学生兼职行为,提升兼职效果,真正实现通过兼职提升实践动手能力和对理论知识的理解,减轻大学期间的经济压力,达到多方共赢.     

Work and pay in flexible and regulated labor markets: A generalized perspective on institutional evolution and inequality trends in Europe and the U.S.

In recent years a “unified theory” has emerged out of labor economics, which argues that a combination of “macroeconomic shocks” and flexible labor market institutions in the U.S. has produced strong upward trends in wage inequality, while these same shocks have produced high unemployment and low employment growth in Europe as a side effect of the wage stability preserved by that continent's rigid labor market institutions. This paper takes issue with the common view that inequality trends are best explained by a model of stable institutions interacting with changing macroeconomic forces. It argues that European institutions in fact have changed, and that institutional changes which were triggered by the broader macroeconomic forces have affected the form as well as the size of inequality trends. While the U.S. has experienced rising strong skill-based wage inequality, institutional change in France has produced an upward trend in the density of insecure jobs and an increased concentration of low-skill workers in insecure jobs. These results challenge the view that low employment rates is the sole mechanism through which European labor markets have absorbed asymmetric shocks to their demand for labor.     

大学生就业素质的心理学解读

大学生的就业问题已越来越多地引起人们广泛的关注,一个合格的大学毕业生应当具备什么样的素质,来适应瞬息万变的社会要求,一些学者对此进行过多方面的探讨.本文则以一个全新的视角,从心理学角度关注这一问题,并从六个方面就大学生应当具备的素质进行了较为详尽的分析.