大学生兼职现状、影响因素与对策分析——以安徽新华学院为例

学生兼职已成为当前大学校园中的普遍现象,是高等教育管理者面临的亟待解决的问题.以安徽新华学院为例,通过问卷调查与深度访谈相结合的方法,对大学生的兼职现状与动机进行深入研究发现,兼职在给大学得到实践锻炼和经济收益的同时也存在一定的问题:大学生缺乏长远的兼职规划,缺乏专业的兼职指导,社会保障不健全.必须从学生自身、学校、社会和家长四个层面规范大学生兼职行为,提升兼职效果,真正实现通过兼职提升实践动手能力和对理论知识的理解,减轻大学期间的经济压力,达到多方共赢.     

中日IT行业女性员工离职影响因素比较研究

随着人类社会进入知识经济时代,以及人力资源市场不断开放和IT行业的发展,IT行业女性员工作为一支独特而又不可或缺的人力资源,正在发挥着重要作用。通过对现有文献、研究报告的整理和分析发现,影响中日IT行业女性员工离职的因素中,最大的差异来自于两国的文化差异,具体表现在社会文化、组织和个人三个方面。IT企业应通过构建和谐的组织文化来留住女性人才,减少女性离职产生的不利影响。     

Work and pay in flexible and regulated labor markets: A generalized perspective on institutional evolution and inequality trends in Europe and the U.S.

In recent years a “unified theory” has emerged out of labor economics, which argues that a combination of “macroeconomic shocks” and flexible labor market institutions in the U.S. has produced strong upward trends in wage inequality, while these same shocks have produced high unemployment and low employment growth in Europe as a side effect of the wage stability preserved by that continent's rigid labor market institutions. This paper takes issue with the common view that inequality trends are best explained by a model of stable institutions interacting with changing macroeconomic forces. It argues that European institutions in fact have changed, and that institutional changes which were triggered by the broader macroeconomic forces have affected the form as well as the size of inequality trends. While the U.S. has experienced rising strong skill-based wage inequality, institutional change in France has produced an upward trend in the density of insecure jobs and an increased concentration of low-skill workers in insecure jobs. These results challenge the view that low employment rates is the sole mechanism through which European labor markets have absorbed asymmetric shocks to their demand for labor.     

大学生就业素质的心理学解读

大学生的就业问题已越来越多地引起人们广泛的关注,一个合格的大学毕业生应当具备什么样的素质,来适应瞬息万变的社会要求,一些学者对此进行过多方面的探讨.本文则以一个全新的视角,从心理学角度关注这一问题,并从六个方面就大学生应当具备的素质进行了较为详尽的分析.     

高校兼职档案员网络建设探讨

探讨建设稳定的高校兼职档案员网络的必要性及高素质兼职档案员应具备的条件,通过对目前高校兼职档案员网络存在问题及原因的分析,提出解决问题的途径与方法。     

西部大开发中的“银色资源”开发利用

人才是西部大开发中一个关键性的问题,在当前西部人才资源相对紧缺的情况下,充分开发利用“银色资源”不失为一种快速、实效的好方法,这既体现了国家为迎接老龄化社会到来所提倡的“老有所为”的精神,又将极大地促进西部大开发的顺利进行。     

Scope insensitivity in health risk reduction studies: A comparison of choice experiments and the contingent valuation method for valuing safer food

Scope insensitivity and embedding are fundamental concerns in contingent valuation studies for health risk reductions. Recently, choice experiments have increasingly been used to obtain contingent willingness to pay (WTP) estimates. We juxtapose the WTP estimates of a choice experiment (CE) to those of the contingent valuation method (CVM) for different health risk reductions and compare them in the extent of scope insensitivity and embedding. WTP using CVM is scope sensitive for single health risks, but embedding is observed for multiple disease risks. In contrast, WTP based on the CE is highly scope sensitive and convex in risk reduction levels.

A Bayesian examination of information and uncertainty in contingent valuation

A theoretical framework is presented to explain how agents respond to information under uncertainty in contingent valuation surveys. Agents are provided with information signals and referendum prices as part of the elicitation process. Agents use Bayesian updating to revise prior distributions. An information prompt is presented to reduce hypothetical bias. However, we show the interaction between anchoring and the information prompt creates a systematic bias in willingness to pay. We test our hypotheses in an experimental setting where agents are asked to make a hypothetical, voluntary contribution to a public good. Experimental results are consistent with the model.

河流生态恢复意愿调查居民支付与否的经济学分析——基于上海城市河流2010年和2006年数据的比较

意愿价值评估法(CVM)应用于生态服务价值评估时,零支付意愿的处理直接影响结果的估计值。我国特有的社会结构和发展阶段使得零支付意愿的原因复杂化、特殊化。在2006年研究成果的基础上,应用CVM方法于2010年再次调查上海居民对城市内河生态恢复的支付意愿(WTP),问卷中增加了对居民家庭中工作人口数量、房屋产权情况、是否步行到达河边等因素的调查。采用Logit概率模型分析影响居民支付与否的主要影响因素。结果显示:非高等教育、非沪户籍、老年人、对水体环境不满意、距离河流较远等因素增加了居民不愿意支付的概率。与2006年调查相比较,户籍、教育等因素影响呈现一定稳定性。沿河居住时期、家庭中工作人口数等因素呈现不同影响。最后指出:我国经济转型阶段的社会结构、制度安排等造成CVM支付意愿和真实需求之间的偏离,应用CVM方法及结果时须考虑这一效应。