非正规劳动组织就业岗位开发研究——对1 116名非正规劳动组织就业人员的调查报告

非正规劳动组织就业对解决中国的就业矛盾作出了重要贡献,政府应积极作为,从观念上带头更新、法律上加以规范、政策上注重扶持、服务和管理上进行优化,有效地促进这类组织发展壮大,开发其更多的就业岗位.     

大学生求职择业方法与技巧

随着我国就业形势的日益严峻,大学生在练好本领的同时掌握求职择业的方法与技巧十分重要。大学生求职择业时应广泛获取招聘信息,善于把握各种机遇,精心应对各种面试。     

Flood Risk Acceptability and Economic Value of Evacuation

The economic value of evacuation and its relationship with flood risk acceptability in Japan were studied by applying the contingent valuation method (CVM). Flood risk acceptability here refers to the extent to which people accept the occurrence of floods, in terms of scale and frequency. The economic value of evacuation refers to people's willingness to pay (WTP) for avoiding evacuation inconvenience because of its inconvenience and the potential for certain losses as a result of evacuation. Our main finding was that over half of the people (56%) who actually evacuated in a real flood situation reported inconvenience. The greatest inconveniences were the shortages of information and food. Evacuation inconvenience can be regarded as an important factor causing the low rate of evacuation in Japan. The WTP for avoiding current inconvenience was approximately half of the estimated economic value of evacuation, implying that the current budget for evacuation is too small and should be increased to improve the conditions of evacuation sites. The economic value of evacuation can be taken into consideration in the risk assessment process in order to evaluate the efficiency of risk reduction measures. Flood risk acceptability and home ownership are two major statistically significantly determinants of the WTP. Considering that those who accept flood risk have a lower WTP for flood risk control (ex ante measures) than those who reject it, it is reasonable to think that there may be a tradeoff between the public WTPs for ex ante or ex post measures.     

农林院校大学生个性化就业指导对策研究

目前我国农林院校大学毕业生就业形势虽有好转,但离最理想的目标仍有距离,还有一些问题值得我们深思。在分析山西农业大学资源环境学院大学毕业生就业形势的基础上,结合学生的自身特点、兴趣爱好、专业特长,提出开展个性化就业指导工作,有利于提升就业空间,增大就业容量,拓宽就业渠道,扩大就业范围,提高就业率。     

Risk Perceptions and Food Choice: An Exploratory Analysis of Organic- Versus Conventional-Produce Buyers

Consumer choice between organically (without pesticides) and conventionally grown produce is examined. Exploratory focus-group discussions and questionnaires (N = 43) suggest that individuals who purchase organically grown produce believe it is substantially less hazardous than the conventional alternative and are willing to pay significant premiums to obtain it (a median 50% above the cost of conventional produce). The value of risk reduction implied by this incremental willingness to pay is not high relative to estimates for other risks, since the perceived risk reduction is relatively large. Organic-produce consumers also appear more likely than conventional-produce consumers to mitigate other ingestion-related risks (e.g., contaminated drinking water) but less likely to use automobile seatbelts.     

论影响李劼人创作的几个因素

许多已经成名的作家进入新中国后,创作出现大的滑坡,学术界大多将之归纳为"红色"权威话语的制约。李人的个案研究说明,这还有更多的复杂因素,如大量的社会兼职和自然生理原因等,也是影响作家创作的重要原因。     

数字经济时代如何实现更充分更高质量就业

数字经济发展通过产业数字化与数字产业化两种基本路径,对经济发展规模、结构及劳动就业形态产生了深刻影响。从理论逻辑上看,数字技术推动产业结构调整,劳动岗位的替代效应与创造效应并存,产业升级带动就业岗位的分化与转移速度加快。同时,数字经济激发了新的创业活力,并催生规模庞大的新业态,大幅增加就业机会,提升劳动者平均收入水平,助力实现更充分更高质量就业。实证研究表明,我国数字经济发展总体上有助于降低失业率,并提高劳动者的就业质量。因此,应充分发挥我国社会主义市场经济的优势,就业总量与就业结构并重。一方面,要大力推动数字经济的基础设施建设,规范数据资源市场,激发数字经济的就业创造效应;另一方面,要强化数字新业态的社会保障兜底功能,提升劳动者数字素养,提高人力资本欠缺劳动者的就业质量,实现更充分更高质量就业目标,持续稳步推进全体劳动者走上共同富裕之路。     

Contingent Government Workers and Labor Solidarity: The Case of Contract Welfare-to-Work Staff and Their Clients

Contemporary US labor solidarity faces new opportunities and challenges in the midst of global economic and governmental restructuring. Indicative of these changes the 1996 welfare reform has created a new brand of contingent government contract workers to implement welfare-to-work while simultaneously fostering contingent work among welfare clients. In this paper I use ethnographic data from a major city in New York State to explore the relative positioning of these labor groups and I ask whether contingent government workers could mediate between organized labor and welfare recipients, thereby facilitating political collaboration. I conclude by identifying considerable structural and interpersonal barriers to solidarity including lack of contingent worker consciousness, difference in “skill” levels, antagonistic relationships with clients and a tendency to interpret client hardships in terms of personal defects. I contrast these findings with instances where labor unions have become involved in welfare issues and propose steps toward a new paradigm for labor solidarity.

中日合资企业的晋升管理及其启示

本文首先概述日本式晋升的多层次特点及其作用。然后通过案例分析发现中国环境下的广州本田的晋升是以资格管理制度为基础,职位晋升、资格晋升、职务晋升并存,引导员工重点关注能力提升的新型晋升机制。同时指出领导者行为和其他人事制度对这一机制具有重要的支持作用。结论指出该晋升模式对改变我国企业官本位的管理思想、提高自主创新能力等方面的借鉴意义。     

Gender,Work Time,and Care Responsibilities Among Faculty1

This study explores how faculty at one research‐intensive university spend their time on research, teaching, mentoring, and service, as well as housework, childcare, care for elders, and other long‐term care. Drawing on surveys and focus group interviews with faculty, the article examines how gender is related to time spent on the different components of faculty work, as well as on housework and care. Findings show that many faculty report working more than 60 hours a week, with substantial time on weekends devoted to work. Finding balance between different kinds of work (research, teaching, mentoring, and service) is as difficult as finding balance between work and personal life. The study further explores how gendered care giving, in particular being a mother to young children, is related to time spent on faculty work, controlling for partner employment and other factors. Men and women devote significantly different amounts of time to housework and care giving. While men and women faculty devote the same overall time to their employment each week, mothers of young children spend less time on research, the activity that counts most toward career advancement.