对生态伦理本质的哲学思考

生态伦理学作为一个新的交叉学科,具有很重要的理论内涵和实践意义.人与自然之间的关系从哲学上说,归根到底是一种价值关系.生态伦理要求人们将生态价值和人类主体作为整体来思考和对待.保护自然的最深刻根源和持久动力应该是发自人内心的需求,人需要自然,人更需要热爱自然.     

Adaptive Crossover Design for Normal Responses

In a response-adaptive design, we review and update the trial on the basis of outcomes in order to achive a specific goal. In clinical trials our goal is to allocate a larger number of patients to the better treatment. In the present paper, we use a response adaptive design in a two-treatment two-period crossover trial where the treatment responses are continuous. We provide probability measures to choose between the possible treatment combinations AA, AB, BA, or BB. The goal is to use the better treatment combination a larger number of times. We calculate the allocation proportions to the possible treatment combinations and their standard errors. We also derive some asymptotic results and provide solutions on related inferential problems. The proposed procedure is compared with a possible competitor. Finally, we use a data set to illustrate the applicability of our proposed design.     

Confidentiality,power relations and evaluation of potential harm in the study of the personal and organizational networks of travel agents in Moscow

Network research in organizational contexts faces ethical challenges related to revealing the identity of participants, managing power relations, and managing the interests and potential harms of the different stakeholders. In this article, we review the ethical issues associated with the investigation of the personal and organizational networks of travel agents in Moscow. In our case study, we interviewed 32 tourism agents from Moscow and its region, obtaining information on 45 people with whom they have regular relation as part of their work; and relational data, with a 2-mode matrix, on 15 organizations with which the agency could be linked in the Russian-Andalusian tourism market. Our results highlight the utility of presenting the information of personal networks in an aggregate manner. It also demonstrates the value of cultural adaptation strategies and adjustment to the characteristics of the community. Moreover, the central role of power relations in organizations, within a cultural context with a greater distance to authority was also found.     

先秦赋税伦理思想的本质内涵及其批判

究竟国家最高赋税权力应该由君主一个人独掌还是由全体公民共同执掌,这是赋税伦理研究必须直面的根本与核心问题。先秦赋税伦理思想的共同特征是：主张国家最高赋税权力应该全部由君主一个人独掌。其差别仅仅在于君主是应该遵循赋税道德独掌,实行王道赋税;还是应该不遵循赋税道德,不受任何约束地独掌赋税最高权力。先秦赋税伦理是一种极为片面...     

根治当代灾疫的社会学思考（上）

当代灾疫,是一个世界性难题,需要进行全球生态化的社会学重建。这一重建工作的首要任务是重建灾疫防治的伦理认知体系：首先引导社会重新认识人性和再造人性,为重建当代灾疫防治伦理认知体系奠定基石。在此基础上,一是构建以生命中心论、整体生态观和生态逻辑优先观为基本内容的灾疫防治伦理认知论;二是创建灾疫防治伦理方法论,主要包括灾疫...     

当代灾疫防治应该共同遵守的普适道德原则

以自由原理为导向,当代灾疫防治必须遵循权利为核心、以利益补偿为方向的普适道德原则体系的规范。在这一道德规范体系中,惟生命原则是其奠基原则,它为灾疫防治提供了价值导向系统;普遍平等原则是其前提原则,它为灾疫防治构建起多元开放的社会平台;全面公正原则是其行动原则,它为灾疫防治提供了行动规则体系;而惟生命安全和惟生存健康原则...     

学生网络伦理的热点问题研究

网络在给学生带来便利信息资源的同时,也带来很多严重的网络伦理问题。通过对小学、中学和大学学生网络伦理方面问题的调查,研究当前学生网络伦理的热点问题,分析问题成因并探求其解决对策,以规范学生的网络伦理道德行为,从而正确使用网络资源,促进网络健康发展。     

伦理学究竟研究什么

伦理学,就其最重要和最完美的部分来说,是如何治国的科学,是治理社会的最高级、最重要、最关键的科学。伦理学,就其全部内容来说,则是关于道德价值的科学,是关于优良道德的科学。伦理学分为元伦理学和规范伦理学以及美德伦理学。元伦理学主要通过研究＂是与应该＂的关系而提出确立道德价值判断之真理和制定优良的道德规范之方法：元伦理学是关于优良道德规范制定方法的伦理学。规范伦理学主要通过社会制定道德的目的,从人的行为事实如何的客观本性中推导、制定出人的行为应该如何的优良道德规范：规范伦理学是关于优良道德规范制定过程的伦理学。美德伦理学主要研究优良道德如何由社会的外在规范转化为个人内在美德,从而使优良道德得到实现的途径：美德伦理学是关于优良道德实现途径的伦理学。     

Timeliness,responsiveness and the human voice: The effects of dialogic strategies and the mediating role of perceived communication ethicality on social media relationship building

This study investigates how social media can be better managed to cultivate positive organization-public relationships. It advances an expanded and integrated conceptual model to test how the communication features of corporate pages on social networking sites may influence publics’ perception of the organization’s communication ethicality, which further predicts organization-public relationships as a compound index of trust, commitment, and satisfaction. The results, based on structural equation modeling, showed that three important communication strategies are success factors that could shape perceptions of communication ethicality: timeliness, responsiveness, and the use of human voice in a dialogic framework. In particular, publics’ perception of the organization’s communication ethicality emerged as a key mediator driving communication effects to foster positive relationships with stakeholders in an online environment.     

论国家表现的国格

国家国格的内涵包括国家与本国公民的国格行为;一国对另一国公民的国格行为;国家与国家之间的国格行为;国家对国际社会的国格行为.认识国家国格具有重大的现实意义和深远的政治意义.