高校教育科研课题质量控制之探索

课题研究是高校教师参与教育科研活动的主要形式,在教育科研过程中存在着一些影响教育科研课题质量与效益的偶然因素和系统因素,为有效地提高高校教育科研课题研究的效益与效率,我们必须实行高校教育科研课题立项前、课题实施过程中、课题结束后的全程全方位的持续跟踪质量控制,对影响高校教育科研课题质量的可控因素施加干预,使课题研究质量朝理想的方向发展。     

Determinants of Contraceptive Use in Egypt: A Multilevel Approach

The increasing use of family planning methods seems to be the intermediate determinant which mostly influences the fertility decline in developing countries, and in particular in those countries which are in an advanced phase of demographic transition such as Egypt. Moreover large countries, like Egypt, are characterized by very different geographical realities and even by strong regional heterogeneities. The aim of this study is the analysis of the determinants of contraceptive use in Egypt, with particular reference to the differentials due to the socio-economic context and to the area of residence. To estimate each individual and regional factors’ effect on contraceptive use, a logistic two-level random intercept model is fitted to EDHS 2000 data; the use of a multilevel analysis is suggested by the two-level data structure: the first level units are the women, the second level units are their regions of residence.     

“森林有害生物控制”教学改革理论与实践

作者针对“森林有害生物控制”课程的特点,将原属于“森林昆虫学”和“林木病理学”两门课程的内容全面整合;进一步改革教学方法,通过使用多媒体技术,提供翔实生动的多媒体资料,提高学生学习的兴趣;充分利用网络工具,增加学生获取信息的途径,体现学生学习的主体地位,增强学生的自学能力;通过教学活动的全程控制,提高学生学习的主动性和积极性。     

浅析莎剧中的上帝母题

上帝是基督教神学最重要的观念,在基督教信仰中,上帝具有全能的智慧,全在全知;他的旨意决定着一切,世人所能做的只是对他表示无条件的承认和顺从;上帝是仁慈的,对其子民永远表示眷爱;上帝又是公义的,扬善惩恶.在莎士比亚戏剧中,上帝的这些属性得到了充分的展现.文章紧扣圣经文本和剧本内容,对该母题在莎剧中的具体表现作出详尽分析.     

开放信息系统动态运行的需求控制问题

与组织融为一体并相互作用的具有动态结构的开放信息系统是国民经济信息化的基础。本文抽象出信息系统动态运行的需求控制结构,提出了保证这种反馈结构的计算机信息系统的建设要求。     

The influence of rural-urban migration on migrants' fertility in Korea,Mexico and Cameroon

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the relationship between rural-urban migration and fertility in Korea, Mexico, and Cameroon. Using an autoregressive model, the results show a significant rural-urban migration adaptation effect in Korea and Mexico, a reduction of 2.57 and 1.45 children during the entire childbearing period, respectively, when compared to a rural stayer, even after the effect of selection has been controlled. Rural-urban migration has a very small impact on fertility in Cameroon. The unexpected result for Cameroon is due to the fact that the fertility-increasing effect of urban residency on the improved supply conditions of births, such as reduced infertility, offsets the fertility-depressing effect of urban residency on the demand for births. As a result of the adaptation to urban fertility norms, the number of country-wide births was reduced significantly in Mexico and Korea over the time periods studied.     

Multistage methodologies for comparing several treatments with a control

We consider the problem of constructing a set of fixed-width simultaneous confidence intervals for the treatment-control differences of means for several independent normal populations with a common unknown variance. Taking c observations from the control population instead of the usual vector-at-a-time approach, purely sequential estimation methodology is developed and asymptotic second-order characteristics are provided. Brief remarks on the accelerated sequential and three-stage methodologies have been added. Next, with the help of simulations, performances of the purely sequential, accelerated sequential and three-stage estimation techniques are compared. Overall, the second-order asymptotics are found to provide useful approximations even for moderate sample sizes.     

Optimal control designs using predicting densities for the multivariate linear model

We provide an application of a variety of predicting densities to quality control involving multivariate normal linear models. We produce optimal control designs for single muleivaiiate future observations using predicting densities employing estimative, profile likelihood, Hinkley-Lauritzen, Butler, Bayesian, and Parametric Bootstrap methodologies. The decision-theoretic optimality criterion is an intuitively appealing quadratic consumer-producer risk function. The optimal control design arising from an optimal Kullback-Leibler frequentist prediction density is shown to coincide with that arising from an optimal Kullback-Leibler Bayesian predictive density. An example involving EVOP is provided to illustrate the methodology and to raise questions concerning the relative merics of the variety of predictive approaches in the quality control context.     

VARIATION REDUCTION AND ROBUST DESIGNS

In this paper we consider two strategies for variation reduction. One of them is the exploitation of interactions. We also discuss the role of experiments in discovering interactions and in particular the use of robust designs to obtain the interaction between control and noise factors. Then we attempt to reduce the variation in a measurement system using a robust design.