对人民内部矛盾社会调控滞后现象的思考

通过阐述人民内部矛盾社会调控滞后的现象,分析引起这种滞后现象的原因,并提出改变人民内部矛盾社会调控滞后现象的相应对策.     

现代生育社会保 险制度发展初探

通过展示现代生育社会保险制度产生与演化的进程，探讨了该制度的发展。     

解读庞德的社会控制论

『摘要]社会控制论是庞德社会学法学的思想的核心,以其利益学说为基础,将利益分为个人利益、公共利益和社会利益,并以最小的利益牺牲达到利益的最大化为利益冲突时衡量的标准。社会控制思想的时代背景是垄断资本主义国家对社会经济生活的干预。庞德社会控制理论的法制思想对我国现阶段的法治建设具有借鉴意义,国家应控制人的自我扩张本能和对政府权力进行控制,国家应认识到法律对社会控制的局限性而加强道德建设和精神文明建设。无论是立法还是司法,利益理论都是很好的指引,能最终达成对社会进行法律控制的目的。     

公共服务资源配置与外来人口调控研究--以上海浦东为例

进入新世纪以来,浦东外来人口迅猛增长,他们在为浦东的经济社会发展做出巨大贡献的同时,也带来了一系列的问题,尤其是对浦东的公共服务等方面提出了巨大的挑战,形成了严峻的形势。对外来人口的综合调控就显得刻不容缓,通过公共服务资源配置的“推拉”实现外来人口结构的优化是当前十分必要的路径。     

生育率变动的综合分析

生育率的变动是各种因素综合影响的结果，这些因素直接和间接作用于生育过程的四个主要环节—性交、受孕、妊娠、分娩，最终影响着生育率的变动。     

Fertility and education premiums

This study examines households fertility variations in response to expected permanent shifts in the return to education. Wage premiums measurethe return to education because their long-run movements are driven by factors exogenous to the fertility process. The results indicate that high education parents fertility responds negatively to changes in the expected return to college and negatively to changes in the expected return to high school. On the other hand, the fertility of low education parents does not vary with changes to expected returns to education. These results can be consistently interpreted within a standard quality/quantity model of endogenous fertility.I am grateful to seminar participants at Penn State University, Virginia Tech. University, the Economic Demography Workshop at the annual meeting of the Population Association of America and the Mid-West Macroeconomics Conference and well as to a helpful referee. Responsible editor: Junsen Zhang.     

Contraceptive choice among teenagers: A multivariate analysis

Contraceptive choices made by sexually active teenagers are considered in this study. The idea that teenagers are rational decision-makers who weigh the perceived costs and benefits of specific contraceptive methods along with the option to not contracept guides the analysis. A regression model is estimated using observations of teenage women from the 1982 National Survey of Family Growth. Results generally support the rational decision-making hypothesis. Perceptions of pregnancy risks, resulting from knowledge of reproductive biology and contraceptive options or from a previous pregnancy, appear particularly important in determining contraceptive choices.James Reschovsky is Assistant Professor, Department of Consumer Economics and Housing, Martha Van Rensselaer Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853. Apart from teenage contraceptive choices, his research interests include investigation of housing decisions by elderly households and implications for the delivery of long-term care.Jennifer Gerner is Associate Professor, Department of Consumer Economics and Housing, Martha Van Rensselaer Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853. Her research interests include family and household economics and household organization. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin.The authors thank Soog Hong Gong, Catherine Montalto, and Sarah Stone for their research assistance. We also thank Carol Kramer for her contributions during the early phases of this study and Linda Jacobsen, W. Keith Bryant, and Robert Avery for their comments on an earlier draft.     

Trends in American family size diversity

Population Research and Policy Review - How diverse is American society and are Americans becoming more or less diverse? Contemporary discussions claim high and increasing diversity, but analyze...     

Burn-out as a crisis in self-efficacy: Conceptual and practical implications

This paper reviews the central role of self-efficacy expectations in a variety of approaches to organizational performance and management. It also explores the implications of self-efficacy for the study of psychological burn-out. It is proposed that conceptualizing burn-out as a crisis in self-efficacy would allow a more reasonable understanding of moderate instances of the syndrome, and would differentiate the concept of burn-out distinctly from the related field of occupational stress. The paper proposes the utility of a more specific construct of professional efficacy in light of the essential achievement experiences which occur in the workplace. It is proposed that a clearer delineation of the role of professional efficacy throughout these research approaches would enhance the coherence of the field. In conclusion the paper discusses implications for research and practice.