What You Know or Who You Know? Occupation-specific work experience and job matching through social networks

While work experience is generally seen as an indicator of human capital, it may also reflect the accumulation of social capital. This study examines how work experience facilitates informal access to employment—that is, being matched with a new employer through an informal search or informal recruitment through the non-search process (without engaging in a job search). Results from fixed effects regression on panel data from the NLSY show that experience is related to informal entry into new jobs, though in a very specific way. The odds of being informally recruited into a new job improve as work experience in related occupations rises, but this relationship holds only among men. These findings highlight the social benefits of occupation-specific work experience that accrue to men but not to women, suggesting an alternative explanation for the gender disparity in wage returns to experience.     

The state intervenes in the battle of the sexes: Causal effects of paternity leave

Do family policies influence attitudes and behavior or are they merely reflections of pre-existing attitudes? We consider the implementation of the Norwegian daddy quota, 4 weeks of parental leave reserved for the father, as a natural experiment, and examine the long-run causal effects on attitudes toward gender equality, on conflicts and sharing of household labor, and on support for public childcare. We find that respondents who had their last born child just after the reform report an 11% lower level of conflicts over household division of labor and that they are 50% more likely to equally divide the task of washing clothes than respondents who had their last child just before the reform.     

农村儿子、女儿对父母的经济支持差异研究

利用2010年中国人民大学组织的家庭及生育状况研究调查数据,采用固定效应的Logistic模型和多元回归模型,研究农村儿子、女儿对父母的经济支持差异。结果发现,尽管农村中女儿比儿子更有可能对老人进行正向经济支持,但在对父母进行正向经济支持的人中,儿子对老人的经济支持力度仍然比女儿大。在控制了一系列微观个体特征、中观家庭特征和宏观区域特征后,对老人的经济支持力度的性别差异越发明显。在我国农村,儿子对父母的经济支持力度仍然显著强于女儿。     

社会性别视角下的流动人口社会保障状况研究

本研究通过利用2009年中国流动人口问题调查资料,在社会性别视角下展示了男女两性流动人口社会保障的状况与差异,探究了社会保险参保率性别差异的主要原因,提出了提高女性流动人口社会保障程度、缩小两性差距、促进男女公平享有社会保障权益的政策建议。     

Diversified committees in hiring processes: Lab evidence on group dynamics

In recent years, committee quotas have been introduced to combat the underrepresentation of women in male-stereotyped environments. However, the lack of clarity surrounding in-group preferences and gender differences in group dynamics calls into question the inclusion of women as a solution to the gender gap in labour market outcomes. In this paper, I provide experimental evidence to show: a) how the gender composition of committees affects the probability of female candidates being recruited in a hiring process; and b) how men and women behave in group dynamics as a mechanism explaining the outcome of the policy. I designed a laboratory experiment in which groups of three subjects had to jointly select two candidates from a pool of six to perform a task. Female candidates’ probability of success did not improve as the number of women in the committee increased. I found that male-majority committees were the most beneficial for female candidates. In these groups, men and women exhibited a similar level of voice and influence during deliberations, proposing both male and female candidates for recruitment. Conversely, female-majority groups were the most detrimental to female candidates. Women in female-majority groups exhibited a similar level of voice, but men, who proposed more male candidates, were more influential, which limited the contribution of women. The paper suggests that having more women in the committee does not necessarily benefit female candidates and calls for caution when it comes to designing policies for equality in the labour market.     

性别、家庭财富与不同年龄阶段儿童辍学行为——基于2006年中国营养与健康调查数据

基于2006年中国营养与健康调查截面数据中农村教育阶段儿童样本的研究,本文发现,儿童性别、教育阶段、母亲最高教育年限及父亲身体健康状况是影响儿童辍学的重要因素,然而,随着儿童年龄增长性别歧视和家庭财富状况的影响逐渐减弱,并且会在一定年龄阶段改变影响方向。儿童辍学行为的影响因素中家庭财富状况由家庭父母教育程度和职业内生决定。     

Framing diversity: A qualitative content analysis of public relations industry publications

This qualitative content analysis used framing theory to examine how gender and diversity have been framed over the past decade in modern public relations industry publications. Findings revealed that diversity is most often set aside in its own issue or column and not integrated throughout the whole of the publications. Most articles about diverse populations mentioned primarily Hispanic or Latino populations and Blacks or African Americans. Diversity is framed as different, a journey or process, a language problem, a responsibility, inclusion, transforming workplace culture, enhancing the profession, resource intensive, power driven, needing to be justified, and impacting the bottom line. Disparities in public relations still exist among gender, racial, and ethnic groups with less power and must be addressed more fully in public relations professional publications.     

亚洲视野下中国性别不平等态势、后果与治理——“性别与社会可持续发展”国际研讨会综述

"性别与社会可持续发展"国际研讨会期间,来自海内外的专家、学者以及实际工作者就性别不平等态势、社会后果与挑战、公共政策与治理进行了深入的讨论与交流。会议认为:在亚洲部分国家,性别不平等现象普遍存在,女性在生存和发展方面难以获得与男性同等的权利;男孩偏好、医疗技术的发展以及缺乏性别视角的公共政策均会加剧性别失衡,加重婚姻挤压程度,增加被迫失婚男性的数量,进而挑战现有的婚姻家庭形式,对社会稳定形成隐患;性别平等中"性"的多元化讨论正在成为新的关注点,从性别视角关注性与公共健康成为一种趋势。会议促进了国内外相关研究机构的合作,拓展了性别研究的领域与手段,为进一步开展性别失衡治理工作提供了可借鉴的理论与现实依据。     

“伤痕”与“反思”小说中“受伤者”的形象分析

"伤痕"和"反思"小说中的"受伤者"形象包含着丰富的时代信息。当其为"知识分子"时,常常被设计为"革命知识分子";当其为"女性"时,常常被想象为等待男性拯救的"少女"形象或寻找父亲的"女儿"形象。在关于"受伤者"的身份设计和性别想象中,既展示着历史与现实的交锋,又演绎着记忆与遗忘的辩证法。     

城乡收入差距对消费支出的动态效应与区域差异研究

在全球经济遭受金融海啸袭击的大背景下,结合中国＂二元＂经济结构的具体情况,并基于中国城乡居民收入差距不断扩大的现状,对城乡收入差距对消费水平的动态效应及区域差异进行了实证分析。通过基于全国29个省、市、地区的省际面板数据,运用横截面加权的广义最小二乘法（GLS）、广义矩估计（GMM）,对城乡消费水平分别进行静态、动态分析,并进行区域对比,在此基础上提出了提高中国居民消费水平的若干政策建议。