高等教育人口规模对经济增长的影响：地区异质性检验

近年来我国高等教育人口规模不断扩张,对经济社会产生了积极的影响。本文通过建立数理模型阐释了高等教育人口扩张对经济增长的影响机理,并使用1995年到2013年的省级面板数据考察了我国高等教育人口扩张对经济增长的作用,以及这一作用在不同地区的异质性。固定效应和随机效应模型表明,我国高等教育人口扩张促进了地区经济增长,且中西部地区的促进作用要大于东部地区。为了克服由反向因果引起的内生性偏误,本文使用2SLS方法进行了相应处理,结果依旧稳健。本文的研究对于制定高等教育发展的相关政策具有一定的参考意义。     

The socioeconomic consequences of dropping out of high school: Evidence from an analysis of siblings

There is widespread belief that dropping out of high school leads to economic hardship. This belief rests on tenuous evidence. High school dropouts likely face an increased risk of economic hardship because of differences beyond a high school diploma. In particular, dropouts are more likely to come from disadvantaged backgrounds and thus face an elevated risk of economic hardship. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth 1979 Cohort, I estimate the consequences of dropping out by comparing dropouts to their siblings who completed high school. I also present OLS regression estimates using the same data. OLS regression estimates are consistently higher than sibling fixed effects estimates with the largest discrepancy occurring between estimates of the effect of dropping out on income-to-poverty ratio. However, the sibling fixed effect estimates reveal that dropping out has an effect on economic hardship net of unobserved background characteristics that are shared by siblings. I conclude with a discussion of how recent policy shifts affect the economic standing of low-ability students and suggest avenues for future research.     

The praxis of ethnic studies: transforming second sight into critical consciousness

This article focuses on a youth participatory action research (YPAR) program called the Social Justice Education Project (SJEP) that fostered young people of color’s critical consciousness. Their critical consciousness emerged through praxis (reflection/action) while focusing on preserving ethnic studies in Tucson, Arizona. Because the SJEP home was in ethnic studies, the youth also struggled to keep their program alive. The Arizona Department of Education claimed the program bred ‘radicals’ who wanted to overthrow the government and therefore lobbied the state legislature to ban K-12 ethnic studies in public schools. In January 2012, the ban went into effect, shutting down ethnic studies classes as well as the SJEP. Young people’s qualitative research on their struggle led to action to save the education that gave them hope for a more equitable and just world. The article addresses the praxis of YPAR, which sparks a thought process leading to the drive to take action. Observing and documenting educational injustices inspire the need to seek radical change of Self and schools. Through the reflection and action facilitated by YPAR, young people of color construct a message about the importance of ethnic studies for individual as well as social transformation.     

面向未来的埃及教育改革

埃及实行免费教育体制,长期和持续的国家投入保证了教育在大众中间的普及,使埃及教育长期在阿拉伯国家和非洲地区处于领先地位。但随着全球化的日益深入以及埃及国内经济形势的变化,单纯依靠政府投入越来越不能满足人民群众对高质量教育服务的需求。埃及教育主管部门根据形势发展的迫切要求,一方面大力推进教育体制改革,力行非中央化的政策,在教育投入和管理上,加大社会力量参与的力度,加强了教育基础设施建设,提高了教师待遇;另一方面用先进的信息技术手段改造传统教育模式,并在教学过程中引入问责制度,保证教育质量不断提高,使其更好地服务于社会经济的发展。     

关于计划生育干部培训形式的几点思考

目前我国人口与计划生育工作已进入稳定低生育水平、综合治理人口问题的新阶段 ,要求全面提高计划生育干部素质 ,教育培训工作越来越显示出其重要性。本文探讨了原有培训形式存在的问题和今后计划生育干部培训形式的多元化发展     

暨南大学南洋文化教育事业部的历史成就与贡献

暨南大学南洋文化教育事业部 (192 7～ 194 9)是一个曾经称誉海内外的华侨研究机构 ,该部担负研究华侨、服务华侨、帮助华侨摆脱危机的特殊使命 ,是当时中国境内研究华侨的唯一机构。本文探讨南洋文化教育事业部成立的时代背景 ,对它在研究华侨、服务华侨 ,推动华侨教育事业发展等方面的历史成就与贡献作出回顾与总结     

试论毛泽东关于发展体育的理论与实践

体育理论是毛泽东最早研究的教育理论之一,他的这一理论也是他亲身实践的科学总结.他的体育理论是其教育理论中一个相当重要的组成部分,对于我们目前和今后的教育工作,仍具有重大的指导作用.     

古代书院实施大学教育的教学组织形式

始于中唐以后的民间具有教学功能的书院 ,是实施古代大学教育的学院。古代大学“皆用口授”的教学方式向生徒可“视简而诵”的转变是古代大学教学发展史上的重要飞跃。书院一开始就有补于官写“废坏”在数量上的不足和“皆用口授”在方法上的不足 ;书院在宋代与说学的结合则又使其在内容和教学指导思想上有了新的发展。书院在实行导师全面负责的教学制度下采取了教师升堂讲说 ,生徒个人读书、作业、自修 ,师生质疑问难 ,学友互相切磋。　展礼仪、优游山川 ,组织讲会、文会、诗会 ,以小考核、课试等教学组织形式。书院并将德行的修养当作学习的最高目标。书院的教学经验和理性思考中的许多问题对今天教育理论研究和实际工作均会有所帮助     

对高职生《机械制图》课教学法的探讨

高等职业教育学生的机械制图课 ,要符合高职教育的教学目的和现代制图方法。在加强实践性教学时 ,要注重培养学生绘徒手图和仪器图的能力 ,使学生在学习中获得今后从事实际工作所必须的知识。     

INSTRUCTING OPERATIONS DESIGN: AN EXPERIENTIAL APPROACH

Teaching an operations design course has major pedagogical challenges. (1) The design topics—output, process, facility, and work design—are necessarily taught sequentially, yet the decisions are integrative. (2) Instruction must be generic to service or product producers. (3) Discussing output design is difficult since students typically have had no exposure to the “product language” of engineering graphics. (4) No text is available which examines in sufficient depth all the operations design decisions. (5) Cases necessarily depict historical situations—process technologies and economic data—while operations managers must plan future directions for their productive systems. (6) While the commercial world contains fresh information and data, students are inexperienced in obtaining knowledge from the real world. (7) While the course presents an operations management perspective, students must recognize the information, data, and cooperation necessary from the other functional areas to successfully complete the operations design. To help overcome these seven pedagogical challenges, the students in the undergraduate and graduate operation design courses complete a comprehensive feasibility study for a new product or service and the entire productive system.