Skill and education effects on earnings in 18 Countries: The role of national educational institutions

This study investigates whether the mechanisms why education is rewarded vary across countries. Do educational institutions affect the likelihood that support for a particular mechanism is found? Combining IALS survey data and OECD statistics on educational institutions, it was shown that the effect of measured skill on earnings - controlled for educational attainment - is lower in countries where educational institutions produce skills relevant for work through the vocational system. This indicates that the human capital perspective on education works particularly well in vocationally oriented educational systems, as the skills generated in education are strongly overlapping with the skills that are rewarded. An alternative mechanism sees education as a means for social closure through credentialization. Under the credentialization model, education is not primarily rewarded for the productivity-enhancing skills it entails, but rather for reasons unrelated to productivity. Following this theory education is used for selection into the organization, after which directly observable skills are determining wages. Assuming that a strongly differentiated educational system creates boundaries between social groups, it is hypothesized that strongly differentiated systems lead to stronger measured skill effects. We do not find support for this hypothesis.     

Continuing professional development after qualification--partnerships,pitfalls and potential

Social work educators, employers and policy-makers have increasingly recognised the importance of continuing professional development. The UK social work qualification (DipSW) provides a broad base of practice skills, knowledge and values. However, increasingly complex work, frequent legislative and policy changes, research findings and challenges of working in a societal context of increasing change and diversity all contribute to the necessity of developing strategies for continuing professional development which adequately equip social workers. Such education cannot be alienated from social workers' employment context, and thus needs to remain mindful of employers' needs while concurrently maintaining academic rigour. This paper explores the development and delivery of a year-long post-qualifying training course run collaboratively between West Sussex Social and Caring Services and University College Chichester. It places some of the experiences of tutors, candidates and Training and Development Officers within the wider context of social work education, training and the delivery of social care. In exploring some of the contradictions and tensions experienced it seeks to further understand the challenge of delivering effective training in an increasingly complex and fragmented arena. Finally, it considers possible future developments, mindful of future changes in UK social work education.     

我国高考科目及内容设置的三大依据

本文认为, 高考科目与内容设置应依据三个基本方面: 有利于高校选拔人才, 有利于促进中学素质教育, 有利于扩大高校办学自主权。本文就此问题进行了讨论, 试图为我国高考科目政策提供相应的理论参考框架     

试论高等教育“学、研、产”的关系

简论了教学、科研、生产三者的关系,认为三者相互依存、相互需求、相互促进、相互补充,同时指出高等教育是产学研结合组织基础中的中心主体。     

礼仪教育在素质教育中的作用初探

礼仪教育是素质教育中不可缺少的一门重要学科。它有利于全民素质的提高 ,有利于培养创新精神和实践能力 ,是造就全面发展的社会主义事业建设者和接班人的有效途径。     

信息网络技术对大学生认知方式的影响与“两课”教学教育手段创新

信息网络的普及和迅猛发展对大学生认知方式产生着潜移默化的影响,从哲学和认知心理学的角度探讨信息网络技术对大学生认知方式的影响,适应数字化、网络化技术革命的要求,革新高校马克思主义政治理论课和思想品德课(以下简称"两课")教育教学的手段,对于提高"两课"的时效性和教育教学效果,引导他们自觉地构建科学的认知方式,消除互联网络对大学生认知的负面作用,具有重要的理论的和应用的价值.     

Inequality for equireplicated n-ary block designs with unequal block sizes

It is shown that certain inequalities known for binary, equireplicated, equiblock-sized block designs remain valid for equireplicated n-ary block designs with unequal block sizes. The approach used here is based on the spectral expansion of the C-matrix of the block design. The main theorems include some useful and combinatorially interesting results.     

创新教育与青少年创造心理素质的培养

创新教育已成为我国教育界关注的热点问题。实施创新教育是 2 1世纪教育面临的必然选择 ,这是因为知识经济时代呼唤创造性人才 ,培养和造就高素质创造性人才是世界各国共同关注的问题 ,我国社会经济的发展和素质教育的实施客观上要求实施创新教育。创新教育的基本目标是培养青少年的创造性思维能力、创造性表现能力和创造人格等创造心理素质。培养青少年的创造心理素质应从教育观念的转变 ,学校创新环境的创设 ,创造性教师队伍的培养 ,青少年创新精神创新能力创造人格的培养 ,实施创造性教学等方面进行。     

论自我尊重是“尊重的教育”的心理基础

自我尊重是“尊重的教育”的心理基础问题 ,自我尊重需要是人类需要的核心 ,是人抗衡文化带来焦虑压力的“缓冲器” ,更是人生命价值的最高形式。在形成过程中 ,它受特定社会文化中的信仰保持制约 ,尤其受“尊重的教育”实施效果的影响 ;在发展过程中 ,它又表现出强烈的、持久的与富有弹性的对行为的调节作用 ,是人心理机能的具体化 ,生命价值的社会化的必然结果 ,更是“尊重的教育”的心理基础     

论“五四”时期的教育无宗旨现象

1919年"五四"前后,由于欧风美雨的浸渐以及北洋政府忙于内部各派政治力量的争斗而疏于对教育的控制,形成了近代中国教育管理史上特有的教育宗旨断裂现象,从而为我国的教育管理开辟了另一条分权化和民主化的道路。虽然因其与中央集权型的教育管理体制及其文化传统相悖逆,因而在20世纪中国教育方针①的百年长河中不免如昙花一现,但是其历史意义不容低估。