"女国民"的兴起:近代中国女性主体身份与文学实践

近代中国思想界对"国民—国家"关系的建构,个体国民身份在政治话语中的确立,为近代女性谋求新的身份认同开拓了话语空间和政治空间。近代先进女性也正是在这种话语空间和政治空间中,通过女性与国家之间责任和权利关系的辩难以及性别角色与国民身份的博弈,确立了独立的个体身份——"女国民"。尽管这一概念并未形成系统而具有实践指导意义的政治理论,但她们通过别开生面的文学实践,一再言说和强化着这一主体身份,形成了声势颇为浩大的"女国民"话语;同时也因对"女权"、"民权"、"天赋人权"等概念的不同理解,在相关话语场的内部形成了富有意义的张力。     

百年文学民族身份建构中的性别象征隐喻

在中国的现代性语境中,现代意义上的民族身份建构一开始就被置于一个东西方比较中,因为没有他者也无所谓自我.而两性关系恰恰是自我与他者关系的最基本单元.百年文学/文化想象对现代意义上的民族身份建构/认同充满性别象征隐喻,性别政治其实一直在参与对民族身份的建构,这样的参与不仅仅影响了女性这个性别在民族身份、民族精神建构中的地位、意义,而且还影响了民族身份、民族精神建构本身.性别本质主义已然与我们对民族身份认同/建构上的本质化、凝固化、单一化密切相关,从而忽略了民族身份、民族精神在时间与空间上的丰繁多元、流动变化.     

异质性社区的社会交往与社区认同——北京沙村的个案研究

通过对北京一个流动人口聚居区的田野调查,基于本土居民适应的视角,讨论分析了本土居民与外来移民在共居状态下日常交往的内容与层次,并进一步阐述了外来移民对本土居民的家庭生活、社会交往以及社区认同的影响。研究表明,无论在客观层面还是主观认同上,"社会距离"真实地存在于本土居民与外来移民的社会交往中;同时,由于与外来移民打交道成为他们日常生活中最重要的内容,本土居民之间的互动和社区参与受到制约,邻里社会资本这类传统的社会连接纽带遭到破坏,本土居民的社区认同与归属感降低,社区整合与秩序受到了挑战。     

高校信息管理系统的安全关键技术

高校信息管理系统面临的安全威胁问题日趋多样化和复杂化,系统通过统一身份认证、访问控制、数字签名等一系列安全技术设计并实现了实用有效的安全防范机制,为高校信息化办公提供有力的保证。     

从文化诠释学看饮食消费的克里奥尔化

文章以文化诠释学方法对全球化过程中食物的克里奥尔化进行了分析,并以Askegaard等对移居丹麦的格陵兰岛人的食物和BrindaMehta对加勒比等法语国家侨民的食物的调查为例证,探讨了克里奥尔化食物对文化交流中人们对多元文化中身份的建构和认同的作用。     

维吾尔族大学生新媒体使用与身份认同

文章在对乌鲁木齐大学生的新媒体使用与身份认同进行问卷调查的基础上,分析了维吾尔族大学生的新媒体使用与身份认同的关系。研究认为维吾尔族大学生在新媒体使用中表现出的国家印象比较正面、积极,对各类事件的关注和参与体现出对国家的归属感。族群认同方面,维吾尔族大学生在新媒体使用中对于自己所属族群的情感态度、归属感比较强烈。新媒体在族际交往方面区隔意义大于联系意义。     

Dying for charisma: Leaders' inspirational appeal increases post-mortem

In the present research, we shed light on the nature and origins of charisma by examining changes in a person's perceived charisma that follow their death. We propose that death is an event that will strengthen the connection between the leader and the group they belong to, which in turn will increase perceptions of leaders' charisma. In Study 1, results from an experimental study show that a scientist who is believed to be dead is regarded as more charismatic than the same scientist believed to be alive. Moreover, this effect was accounted for by people's perceptions that the dead scientist's fate is more strongly connected with the fate of the groups that they represent. In Study 2, a large-scale archival analysis of Heads of States who died in office in the 21st century shows that the proportion of published news items about Heads of State that include references to charisma increases significantly after their death. These results suggest that charisma is, at least in part, a social inference that increases after death. Moreover, they suggest that social influence and inspiration can be understood as products of people's capacity to embody valued social groups.     

Prominence and exclusivity: Identity and opposition to immigration in a multinational context

Using a framework derived from Identity Theory, this work focuses on the extent to which attitudes towards immigration are structured by the prominence and exclusivity of national identity. Prominence refers to the value of an identity relative to others. Exclusivity is when the prominence of a single identity negates all other comparable identities. Prominence and exclusivity are relevant for understanding attitudes towards immigration in that they imply degrees of flexibility on the very dimension of identity that most distinguishes immigrants—nationality. Catalonia, an autonomous region of Northwestern Spain that is home to multiple autochthonous identities and a recent large influx of immigrants, allows the role of identity exclusivity and prominence to be directly assessed. Using a representative survey of attitudes towards immigration collected in 2010 (n?=?1389), results show that, contrary to expectations, exclusive and prominent identifiers (i.e. only Spanish or only Catalan) are not significantly more opposed to immigration. Future work should consider national identity to be a relevant contextual dimension not for its independent predictive power, but because of its intersection with other salient predictors such as education, employment and class.     

Gender and homosexuality attitudes across religious groups from the 1970s to 2014: Similarity,distinction, and adaptation

This study uses General Social Survey data to compare gender and homosexuality across American religious groups from the 1970s to 2014, examining three possible patterns for how evangelical attitudes relate to those of other groups: (1) they are similar; (2) they are different, but move together over time; (3) they are different and converge or diverge over time. Evangelical gender attitudes regarding work and family issues are more conservative than those of all other groups, but are adaptive to broad trends, changing at a rate similar to those of other groups. Evangelical attitudes toward the morality of homosexuality and same-sex marriage are more conservative than those of all other religious groups, and their rate of change is slower over time. Separate trends on the two issues suggest that gender and sexuality attitude change is decoupled, especially among evangelicals who are adapting more on gender while increasingly distinguishing themselves on same-sex relationships. A three-stage process of religious tension appears to characterize evangelical identity-building: (1) similarity, (2) distinction, and (3) adaptation.     

Identity and Schooling among the Naxi

This paper examines the role of schooling in constructing identity of Naxi secondary students in Lijiang, southwest China. The study shows that the school assigns an identity of the Chinese nation to Naxi students, while it also plays a role in forming their ethnic identity. The school curriculum, teachers' teaching, and interactions among students influence the identity construction of Naxi students. A qualitative method was designed to collect data for this study.