Predictors of early care and education type among preschool-aged children in immigrant families: The role of region of origin and characteristics of the immigrant experience

Children of immigrants have lower rates of participation in early care and education (ECE) settings in the year before they enter kindergarten than do children of native parents. There is a dearth of research examining factors associated with the ECE type that immigrant families select for their children. Using data on immigrant families from the ECLS-B (N ≈ 2500) this study aims to fill gaps in the literature by examining associations between immigrant, family, child, and contextual characteristics and patterns of ECE type at age 4. The results show significant differences in ECE type related to parental region of origin that were reduced when characteristics of families and contexts were taken into account. Findings highlight the importance of considering factors that may be especially salient for immigrant families, including household English proficiency, parental citizenship status, parental preferences, and availability of non-English speaking care providers.     

越轨理论视角下的城市外来青少年犯罪成因——基于对武汉市流动犯罪青少年的调查

通过对湖北省武汉市外来犯罪青少年进行的问卷调查,从越轨理论出发,分析了他们犯罪的原因。认为城市外来青少年犯罪主要是其社会目标与实现这些目标的制度化手段之间的断裂造成的。在引导青少年追求健康合理的社会目标的同时,应加快社会结构调整和社会管理创新,为他们提供多元化的、合法的目标实现手段,这对预防外来青少年犯罪具有重要意义。     

基于历史意蕴的“海峡旅游”品牌内涵探析

在正视"海峡旅游"品牌建设现状基础上,基于闽台深厚的历史渊源,反思"海峡旅游"品牌独特的文化因子及其市场化开发的可行路径,以推进"海峡旅游"品牌的差异化、个性化塑造,深化"海峡旅游"品牌建设。     

以跨文化视角审视纳博科夫的文学世界

俄裔美籍双语作家、文艺评论家兼诗人弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫,在20世纪世界文学史上占有重要的位置.他一生辗转迁居,造就了他跨国界、跨民族、跨语言、跨文化的多彩文学艺术个性,即在浓郁的俄罗斯文化背景上叠印了英美社会现实的缩影.跨文化的创作就需要我们用跨文化的视角去审视、去衡量、去解读,这样才能给予他合理而正确的评价,也才能真正走入纳博科夫具有多彩艺术个性的文学世界.     

20世纪初美国政府强制同化移民政策的形成与实施

美国化运动是美国历史上最具有代表性的对移民的同化运动。一战后,它由自然同化的社会运动转变为由联邦政府直接干预的强制性同化的政治运动,它是美国第一次对外来移民实行强制同化政策,也是美国种族关系发生变化的重要转折点,体现了美国移民政策变化的轨迹。     

At Yesenia’s House…

This paper explores the multiple expressions of Central American immigrant Pentecostalism in the Pico Union district of Los Angeles. Drawing on in-depth ethnographic fieldwork in three temples and informal conversations with over 30 active Pentecostals, this paper shows that Central American immigrant Pentecostals tend to congregate on the basis of “congregational homophily,” or shared social and cultural characteristics, especially in terms of age, marital status, presence of infirmities or ailments, and national/regional origin. This paper also explores the ways in which Central American immigrant Pentecostals tailor their religious practices to reflect their “congregational homophily” through the differential inclusion/exclusion of practices such as healing, “roommating,” and formal and informal discussions of shared histories. By focusing on “congregational homophily” and the active constructions and reconstructions of Central American immigrant Pentecostalism, we gain more insight into the ways some Central American immigrants negotiate their lives and experiences in the increasingly fettered social, cultural, and political topography of contemporary Los Angeles.

Women entrepreneurs in and from developing countries: Evidences from the literature

Entrepreneurship has a leading role in economic development worldwide and, although it has usually been considered as a male dominated activity, recent studies emphasize how significant the contribution of women today is: in 2010, almost 42% of entrepreneurs in the world were, indeed, women (GEM, 2010).     

Managing Work and Care: A Difficult Challenge for Immigrant Families

This paper explores the strategies used by immigrant families to reconcile work and care for young children in Finland, France, Italy and Portugal. Drawing upon interviews with couples or lone parents who have children below age ten, it shows that immigrant families rely on a diversity of work/care strategies. These strategies include extensive delegation of care (mostly to formal or non‐familial informal care), negotiation of care within the nuclear family (both partners sharing the care responsibilities as well as older child care), mother‐centredness (mothers cutting back on working hours), child negligence (leaving children alone) and the superimposition of care upon work (taking children to work). Almost all immigrant families, but especially first‐generation ones, suffer from the absence of close kin networks to support childcare, strong pressure to work and from work (long or atypical hours) and various integration problems such as social isolation, lack of information on services, and problems with housing. However, our findings show that migration patterns, among other factors, have a significant impact on work/care strategies. Highly qualified “professional migration” is more associated with extensive paid delegation (often private and high‐cost), “marriage migration” with mother‐centredness, and “unskilled worker migration” with low‐cost solutions supplemented by workplace care, older child care and negligence. First‐generation unskilled worker migrant families are more exposed to occupational and residential segregation, atypical working hours, low earnings and difficulties in managing work and care for young children. Findings point to the still weak regulatory function of the different welfare states in the protection of these families.     

加拿大移民状况与趋势分析

根据加拿大2001年人口普查资料,本文重点分析移民类别、移民来源地、移民分布、移民中的问题及今后发展态势。对我们了解加拿大移民状况有一定帮助。