被害人承诺之刑法评价

被害人承诺成立之刑法基点在于刑法的公法性和谦抑性;被害人承诺之刑法成立条件分为基础性条件和限制性条件;被害人承诺之刑法后果因其有效性的范围不同而异,全部有效成立的被害人承诺,对行为人而言是正当化事由,当然阻却犯罪,而无效承诺中的部分无效的被害人承诺对于定罪与量刑也有着相当的意义。     

Forced marriage of people with learning disabilities: a human rights issue

This paper reports some of the findings of an exploratory study which sought to better understand the demographics of forced marriage of people with learning disabilities and the contexts in which such marriages may occur. It was found that forced marriages of people with and without learning disabilities showed broad similarities in relation to ethnicity, some differences in terms of age and substantial differences in terms of gender. Men and women with learning disabilities are equally likely to be victims of forced marriage. The reasons for people with learning disabilities being forced to marry are most often associated with a desire on the part of families to secure permanent care, but can also be associated with cultural (mis)understandings of the nature of disability. These findings are contextualised by considering the relationship between forced marriage, human rights and learning disability.     

Institutional Pathology and the Death of Dan Markingson

In the spring of 2015, 11 years after a mentally ill young man named Dan Markingson stabbed himself to death in an industry-sponsored drug study, officials at the University of Minnesota suspended recruitment of subjects into drug trials in its Department of Psychiatry. University officials agreed to act only after a scathing investigation by Minnesota Office of the Legislative Auditor found damning evidence of coerced recruitment, inadequate clinical care, superficial research oversight, a web of serious, disturbing conflicts of interest, and a pattern of misleading public statements by university officials aimed at deflecting scrutiny. In this article, I examine the larger institutional factors leading up to Markingson’s suicide and prevented corrective action for so long.     

Restricted entitlements for skilled temporary migrants: the limits of migrant consent

Temporary labour migration programmes have often attracted significant controversy, particularly with regard to provisions that restrict the social entitlements available to temporary migrant workers, compared with other categories of residents. Advocates of such restrictions have argued that migrants freely choose to participate in temporary migration schemes on the prevailing terms, and are free to leave at any time if such participation no longer serves their interests. Our central goal in this paper is to critically evaluate such consent-based justifications for restricted social entitlements of temporary migrant workers, with reference to empirical evidence concerning the practical social and economic conditions of choice experienced by these temporary migrants. Drawing on evidence from one major receiving country – Australia – we show that consent-based justifications for restricted social entitlements fail to fully account for either the practical complexity of individual migration choices, or the de facto operation of Australia’s skilled temporary migration programme as a ‘test run’ for potential future permanent residents or citizens. By bringing sociological analysis of lived migrant experiences into critical engagement with normative debates about restricted social entitlements, we contribute to the bridging of empirical and normative migration debates, which too often evolve in parallel.     

持续期间、交易量、波动率与知情交易

内容提要：Admati和Pfleiderer [1]认为交易强度的增加,可能来自于知情交易也可能来自于流动性交易。本文通过分析中国股票市场上持续期间、交易量和波动率之间的关系,提供了识别知情交易和流动性交易的证据。与国外相关研究结论均不同的是,本文的实证结果认为：波动率与持续期间之间存在非线性关系,交易量较小时,交易强度的增加主要来自于流动性交易;而交易量较大时,交易强度的增加主要来自于知情交易。最后,本文对以上实证结果进行了稳健性检验,通过分析波动率日内特征对实证结果的影响,本文还发现,中国股票市场的知情交易通常发生在刚开盘的阶段。     

医师的说明义务评说

通过对InformedConsent原理———医师的说明义务的目的、伦理基础、法的依据及法的效果的介绍和分析 ,认为在对说明义务的裁判和理论研究中 ,必须注意医疗行为的具体个性 ,不应拘泥于一个统一规范 ,以至在法的责任上不够慎重 ,藉此给我国医学法学研究提供参考。     

试论放弃治疗病人的同意权－－兼论生命预嘱的法理分析

在放弃治疗领域 ,尊重病人的同意权是一项基本准则。亲属同意往往不能代表病人的根本利益 ,制定生命预嘱能确保病人权利的完整性。生命预嘱必须符合法理原则 ,生命预嘱有法律拘束力 ,可以作为医师免责的有力证据。医院管理者应该鼓励病人制定生命预嘱 ,因为它既避免了医疗纠纷 ,又保障了病人的权利 ,有重要的现实意义和法律意义     

Invitation to Research: Invitation to Learn

This article analyzes the process of acquiring informed consent from parents of economically disadvantaged children 7 to 12 years of age at a Boys &; Girls Club in a Midwest city. The article addresses the following question: What are the obstacles in mainstream research to including children’s voluntary participation in research that intends to benefit their lives? The lessons gained from requesting an invitation into the lives of poor children through informed-consent processes inform future social work research methods.     

患者同意在刑法中的价值：医疗例外及其限制

医疗行为,特别是手术行为,是具有侵袭性的潜在伤害行为。基于医疗行为的价值,在刑法层面,有必要排除医疗行为的刑事化。为此目的,在刑事立法中设计“医疗例外”规则是必要的。“医疗例外”的理论依据是刑法中的“同意”抗辩理论。“医疗例外”的适用应瞄准对患者有益且有医疗目的的行为。随着人们观念的不断更新,“医疗例外”将不会仅仅局限于治疗性医疗行为。     

浅析医疗行为中患者有效同意的法律要件

在医疗行为中,医生充分的说明、患者具备同意能力,且自主自愿的同意是患者有效同意的法律要件。在医疗行为后,患者常以其同意无效为由,要求损害赔偿。因此,在医疗过程中,医方既要尊重患者的自己决定权,加强医患之间的沟通,又要规范自己的操作,加强自我保护意识。