The Issue of Consent in Research that Administers Drugs of Addiction to Addicted Persons

In addiction, impaired control over drug use raises questions about the capacity of addicted persons to consent to participate in research studies in which they are given their drug of addiction. We review the case for doing such research, and the arguments that addiction does, and does not, prevent addicted persons from consenting to such research. We argue for a more nuanced view that acknowledges that while in some situations addiction impairs decision-making capacity, it does not eliminate such capacity. We conclude with some suggestions for recruiting addicted subjects and designing experiments in ways to obtain free and informed consent.     

Understanding the determinants of consent for linkage of administrative health data with a longitudinal survey

Abstract

The Survey of Families, Income and Employment (SoFIE) is a panel income study with a health component, including data linkage to national health databases. This paper investigates factors that predict consent to data linkage. SoFIE participants were asked permission to link their SoFIE records to administrative health data in Wave 3 of data collection. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association of sociodemographic variables with consent to record linkage. Of Wave 3 participants 79.4% consented to health record linkage. Taking into account prior attrition, consent and matching the overall participation rate was 60.9%. Participants reporting Māori, Pacific and Asian ethnicity had lower odds of consenting. There was a strong relationship between the presence of co-morbid disease and consent to linkage. This study has shown that consent to link health information to survey records was high and the survey provides a rich and unique dataset for longitudinal analyses.     

辩证地看待患者的知情同意权

知情同意权是患者的一种法定权利,包括知情权与同意权。根据马克思“没有无义务的权利,也没有无权利的义务”的思想,患者的这一权利既伴随着医方的义务,也伴随着患者自身一定的义务,因而该权利的真正实现需要医患双方辩证地理解权利与义务的关系,并积极地履行各自的相关义务,当然主要依赖于医方义务的积极履行。     

探析格式合同中仲裁条款的有效性

随着市场经济的发展,仲裁条款开始出现于格式合同当中,但提供格式合同的一方当事人可以凭借其经济或法律上的优势强制对方当事人非自愿地接受格式仲裁条款.在分析格式仲裁条款的特点、生效障碍及其与实体法条款联系的基础上,提出用程序来检验格式仲裁条款双方当事人之间是否存在真正的合意,从而剥离出缺乏合意的格式仲裁条款并使其无效,以求法律公正.     

基因治疗之法律调控研究

基因治疗的缓慢发展,除源于其自身所具有的不确定性、高风险性等因素外,关键在于相关法律规范的缺失或不完善还不能完全保障将基因治疗的风险控制到一个合理的程度。面对科技发展的日新月异,与其盲目地抗拒,不如用完善可行的法律规范在风险控制和科学发展中寻求平衡点,可为人类带来莫大的福祉。     

论诊疗活动中患方的知情同意权

患方知情同意权是患方制约医方滥用诊疗权的一项权利,其产生源于患者对医师的不信任。随着医疗行业的市场化,患方的知情同意权逐渐得到我国法律的认可。知情同意权的行使涉及诸多方面,情况十分复杂。医疗机构滥用医疗同意书是由于医方对患者知情同意权的误解。在医师尽到说明义务且征得患者同意的情况下,医方虽没有过错,但仍发生了医疗意外,医方对由此造成的损害不负损害赔偿责任。     

论中国侵权法上的知情同意规则

知情同意规则起源于美国法,后来被许多国家所采纳。中国《医疗机构管理条例》、《执业医师法》等法律法规都确立了这一规则,《侵权责任法》在总结既有立法经验和借鉴比较法经验的基础上,予以发展完善。知情同意规则,应当包括两项要素,即医务人员的告知义务（也称说明义务）、患者或其近亲属的同意。医务人员违反知情同意规则承担的责任应当是过错责任,其所保护的权益包括受害人的隐私权（即自主决定权）、生命权和健康权。在符合责任构成要件时,医务人员要对患者承担责任。医疗机构要依据雇主责任制度对患者承担责任。