艾略特的诗歌创作与批评理论的互动——论《J·阿尔弗雷德·普罗弗洛克的情歌》

《普鲁弗洛克的情歌》将新古典主义与现代西方社会生活的题材相结合,运用"非个性化"理论、客观对应物理论、意象、象征等手法展现出现代人空虚的精神世界,同时也是艾略特批评理论的文本示范。通过该诗对艾略特理论和诗歌文本进行同步分析,为艾略特研究提供一个较新的视角。     

略论可持续发展的公平观

作者基于对罗尔斯的公平观和马克思主义的公平观的理解,深入阐释了可持续发展的本质即为公平,并分析了公平性作为可持续发展的原则,具有基础地位和主导作用。此外,作者还指出了可持续发展不应只考虑自然资源和环境,还应包括制度、文化、信息、科技、生态等在内的各种资源、财富,应倡导大资源观基础上的公平观。     

净明道与传统道派关系考述

作者考察了宋元净明道的思想观念与宗教仪式,并探讨了其与传统道派如天师道、灵宝派、上清派、钟吕金丹道等的关系,认为净明道乃是当时融合了符箓与内丹之说为一体的新兴道派。     

On Block Skip Free Transition Matrices and First Passage Times

Starting from an abstract setting which extends the property “skip free to the left” for transition matrices to a partition of the state space, we develop bounds for the mean hitting time of a Markov chain to an arbitrary subset from an arbitrary initial law. We apply our theory to the embedded Markov chains associated with the M/G/1 and the GI/M/1 queueing systems. We also illustrate its applicability with an asymptotic analysis of a non-reversible Markovian star queueing network with losses.     

Citizenship and Labor Market Position: Turkish Immigrants in Germany and the Netherlands1

The relation between citizenship and labor market position is complex. Besides a causal impact from citizenship towards labor market position, several selection mechanisms may cause particular immigrants to choose for naturalization. We investigate the empirical relation on the basis of German and Dutch survey data. For the Netherlands we find a positive relation between citizenship and labor market position, while for Germany we find mixed results as citizenship is negatively related to tenured employment. The contrasting results may be explained by institutional differences. In Germany, economic self-reliance is more strictly required for naturalization than in the Netherlands. This may lead to a stronger incentive to naturalize for workers with a temporary contract in Germany.     

The macroeconomics of fertility in small open economies: A test of the Becker-Barro model for The Netherlands and New Zealand

Becker and Barro (1988) formulated a theoretical model which identified a range of macroeconomic variables which can temporarily or permanently affect fertility in small open economies. This article tests the Becker-Barro model with relevant data which covers most of the 20th century for two small open economies, namely The Netherlands and New Zealand. The results show that government subsidies for having children have a strong positive effect on fertility, while the provision of public pensions has a strong negative effect. The degree of intergenerational altruism appears to have been declining. Moreover, there is only weak support for the hypothesis that real interest rates positively influence fertility. Received: 2 March 1998/Accepted: 1 September 1999     

Age structure effects and growth in the OECD, 1950–1990

Economic growth depends on human resources and human needs. The demographic age structure shapes both of these factors. We study five-year data from the OECD countries 1950–1990 in the framework of an age structure augmented neoclassical growth model with gradual technical adjustment. The model performs well in both pooled and panel estimations. The growth patterns of GDP per worker (labor productivity) in the OECD countries are to a large extent explained by age structure changes. The 50–64 age group has a positive influence, and the group above 65 contributes negatively, while younger age groups have ambiguous effects. However, the mechanism behind these age effects is not yet resolved. Received: 16 January 1997/Accepted: 2 July 1998