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961.
Mental Health of Parents and Life Satisfaction of Children: A Within-Family Analysis of Intergenerational Transmission of Well-Being 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper addresses the extent to which there is an intergenerational transmission of mental health and subjective well-being
within families. Specifically it asks whether parents’ own mental distress influences their child’s life satisfaction, and
vice versa. Whilst the evidence on daily contagion of stress and strain between members of the same family is substantial,
the evidence on the transmission between parental distress and children’s well-being over a longer period of time is sparse.
We tested this idea by examining the within-family transmission of mental distress from parent to child’s life satisfaction,
and vice versa, using rich longitudinal data on 1,175 British youths. Results show that parental distress at year t − 1 is an important determinant of child’s life satisfaction in the current year. This is true for boys and girls, although
boys do not appear to be affected by maternal distress levels. The results also indicated that the child’s own life satisfaction
is related with their father’s distress levels in the following year, regardless of the gender of the child. Finally, we examined
whether the underlying transmission correlation is due to shared social environment, empathic reactions, or transmission via
parent–child interaction. 相似文献
962.
José-Matías Triviño-Juárez Dulce Romero-Ayuso Beatriz Nieto-Pereda Maria-João Forjaz Juan-José Criado-Álvarez Begoña Arruti-Sevilla Beatriz Avilés-Gamez Cristina Oliver-Barrecheguren Sonia Mellizo-Díaz Consuelo Soto-Lucía Rosa Plá-Mestre 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(1):29-39
Background
Health-related quality of life of women in the postpartum period may depend on the mode of birth. However, previous findings are contradictory.Aim
To explore health-related quality of life of women at the sixth week and sixth month postpartum by mode of birth.Methods
We performed a longitudinal prospective study in Spain that included 546 healthy primiparae aged 18 to 45 years who gave birth to a healthy newborn. At the sixth week and sixth month postpartum, we analysed sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and compared health-related quality of life (measured using the SF-36) by mode of birth (normal vaginal, forceps, vacuum-extraction, elective caesarean section, emergency caesarean section). In addition, we analysed the change in health-related quality of life between the two time points for each mode of birth.Findings
We did not find differences in health-related quality of life by mode of birth at the sixth week or sixth month postpartum. At the sixth week postpartum, regardless of the mode of birth, women with postpartum urinary incontinence reported lower health-related quality of life. Between the sixth week and sixth month postpartum, health-related quality of life improved for all modes of birth.Conclusion
While mode of birth is not directly associated with health-related quality of life, it does have an indirect relationship in the short term. Women who reported the lowest health-related quality of life were those with postpartum urinary incontinence. Most women with postpartum urinary incontinence were in the forceps group. 相似文献963.
Stephen J. Robson Hassan Vally Abdel-Latif Mohamed Maggie Yu Elizabeth M. Westrupp 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(6):506-510
Background
The proportion of babies born by caesarean section in Australia has almost doubled over the last 25 years. Factors known to contribute to caesarean such as higher maternal age, mothers being overweight or obese, or having had a previous caesarean do not completely account for the increased rate and it is clear that other influences exist.Aim
To identify previously unsuspected risk factors associated with caesarean using nationally-representative data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children.Methods
Data were from the birth cohort, a long-term prospective study of approximately 5000 children that includes richly-detailed data regarding maternal health and exposures during pregnancy. Logistic regression was used to examine the contribution of a wide range of pregnancy, birth and social factors to caesarean.Findings
28% of 4862 mothers were delivered by caesarean. The final adjusted analyses revealed that use of diabetes medication (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.7–5.5, p < 0.001) and maternal mental health problems during pregnancy (OR = 1.3, CI = 1.1–1.6, p = 0.003) were associated with increased odds of caesarean. Young maternal age (OR = 0.6, CI = 0.5–0.7, p < 0.001), having two or more children (OR = 0.7, CI = 0.6–0.9, p < 0.001), and fathers having an unskilled occupation (OR = 0.7, CI = 0.6–1.0, p = 0.036) were associated with reduced odds of caesarean.Conclusion
Our findings raise the prospect that the effect of additional screening and support for maternal mental health on caesarean rate should be subject of prospective study. 相似文献964.
Using a developmental systems perspective and public‐use longitudinal data from participants currently in a romantic relationship at Wave 4 of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (n = 2,970), the current study explored direct and indirect paths from parent–adolescent relationship quality to young adult intimate relationship quality. Structural equation modeling tested whether mental health (depressive symptoms and self‐esteem) in the transition to adulthood mediated the association between parent–adolescent relations and young adult intimate relations. The results indicated that higher quality parent–adolescent relations predicted higher self‐esteem and lower depressive symptoms during the transition to adulthood as well as higher young adult intimate relationship quality, controlling for adolescent mental health and parent–young adult relationship quality. Higher self‐esteem during the transition to adulthood was associated with greater intimate relationship quality, whereas greater depressive symptomatology predicted reduced intimate relationship quality. One significant indirect path emerged: parent–adolescent relationship quality → self‐esteem → intimate relationship quality. 相似文献
965.
In this paper, we demonstrate the importance of conducting well-thought-out sensitivity analyses for handling clustered data (data in which individuals are grouped into higher order units, such as students in schools) that arise from cluster randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This is particularly relevant given the rise in rigorous impact evaluations that use cluster randomized designs across various fields including education, public health and social welfare. Using data from a recently completed cluster RCT of a school-based teacher professional development program, we demonstrate our use of four commonly applied methods for analyzing clustered data. These methods include: (1) hierarchical linear modeling (HLM); (2) feasible generalized least squares (FGLS); (3) generalized estimating equations (GEE); and (4) ordinary least squares (OLS) regression with cluster-robust (Huber–White) standard errors. We compare our findings across each method, showing how inconsistent results – in terms of both effect sizes and statistical significance – emerged across each method and our analytic approach to resolving such inconsistencies. 相似文献
966.
Logistic-normal models can be applied for analysis of longitudinal binary data. The aim of this article is to propose a goodness-of-fit test using nonparametric smoothing techniques for checking the adequacy of logistic-normal models. Moreover, the leave-one-out cross-validation method for selecting the suitable bandwidth is developed. The quadratic form of the proposed test statistic based on smoothing residuals provides a global measure for checking the model with categorical and continuous covariates. The formulae of expectation and variance of the proposed statistics are derived, and their asymptotic distribution is approximated by a scaled chi-squared distribution. The power performance of the proposed test for detecting the interaction term or the squared term of continuous covariates is examined by simulation studies. A longitudinal dataset is utilized to illustrate the application of the proposed test. 相似文献
967.
968.
In this paper a theoretical framework to assess the efficiency of the Requirements Capture and Analysis (RCA) process in software development is introduced. Although it is widely recognized that successful implementation of the first stages of the software development process is critical for the overall development process, RCA efficiency assessments have not been given much attention. The presented theoretical framework to assess RCA efficiency follows a production approach to model the early stages of a software project. An approach based on Data Envelopment Analysis that utilizes the proposed framework to isolate the effects of exogenous factors, such as the environment or the type of project, on the project's RCA efficiency is also presented. Finally, the applicability of the methodology through an exploratory empirical study is demonstrated, and managerial implications are discussed. 相似文献
969.
With the rapid increase in the ability to store and analyze large amounts of data, organizations are gathering extensive data regarding their customers, vendors, and other entities. There has been a concurrent increase in the demand for preserving the privacy of confidential data that may be collected. The rapid growth of e‐commerce has also increased calls for maintaining privacy and confidentiality of data. For numerical data, data perturbation methods offer an easy yet effective solution to the dilemma of providing access to legitimate users while protecting the data from snoopers (legitimate users who perform illegitimate analysis). In this study, we define a new security requirement that achieves the objective of providing access to legitimate users without an increase in the ability of a snooper to predict confidential information. We also derive the specifications under which perturbation methods can achieve this objective. Numerical examples are provided to show that the use of the new specification achieves the objective of no additional information to the snooper. Implications of the new specification for e‐commerce are discussed. 相似文献
970.
魏翠玲 《河北工程大学学报(社会科学版)》2013,30(2):119-120
简要介绍了世界马氏文化资料中心的成立背景与意义,从图书馆特藏角度出发,给出了中心管理与发展的几点思考. 相似文献