农户对农村公共服务的需求意愿分析 ———基于一项全国范围农户调查的实证研究

文章基于一项关于农户对农村公共服务需求意愿的全国范围的调查数据，分析了农户对农村义务教育、农村医疗卫生、农村社会保障、农村文化事业、农村劳动力技能培训这5种农村公共服务的整体需求意愿及不同特征农户需求意愿的差别、农户对5种农村公共服务各个方面要素的需求意愿以及农户对5种农村公共服务需求的优先序。研究结果表明农户对5种农村公共服务的整体需求意愿并不相同，对农村劳动力技能培训的需求最强烈，不同特征的农户的需求意愿也不相同。另外与其他农村公共产品相比，农户对文章所研究的5种农村公共服务的需求意愿比较强烈。     

教育服务产出核算分析

教育服务是服务核算中的一个重要部分。本文讨论教育服务的定义和服务产出的数量单位。研究教育服务的核算范围和计算教育服务产出价值的方法,以及教育服务的质量调整问题。最后,举例使用产出指标方法计算教育产出。     

论加强青少年心理健康教育

青少年心理健康教育不容忽视。由于学习压力大,人际交往空间逼仄,存在着严重的心理问题,耐挫能力差。为此,必须通过学校、家庭、社会和学生自我教育四条途径同时进行。     

Ecocultural Attributes: Evaluating Ecological Degradation in Terms of Ecological Goods and Services Versus Subsistence and Tribal Values

It is becoming increasingly clear that scientists, managers, lawyers, public policymakers, and the public must decide how to value what is provided by, and is a consequence of, natural resources. While “Western” scientists have clear definitions for the goods and services that ecosystems provide, we contend that these categories do not encompass the full totality of the values provided by natural resources. Partly the confusion results from a limited view of natural resources derived from the need to monetize the value of ecosystems and their component parts. Partly it derives from the “Western” way of separating natural resources from cultural resources or values, and partly it derives from the false dichotomy of assuming that ecosystems are natural, and anything constructed by man is not natural. In this article, we explore the previous assumptions, and suggest that because cultural resources often derive from, and indeed require, intact and unspoiled natural ecosystems or settings, that these values are rightly part of natural resources. The distinction is not trivial because of the current emphasis on cleaning up chemically and radiologically contaminated sites, on restoration of damaged ecosystems, on natural resource damage assessments, and on long‐term stewardship goals. All of these processes depend upon defining natural resources appropriately. Several laws, regulations, and protocols depend upon natural resource trustees to protect natural resources on trust lands, which could lead to the circular definition that natural resources are those resources that the trustees feel they are responsible for. Where subsistence or tribal peoples are involved, the definition of natural resources should be broadened to include those ecocultural attributes that are dependent upon, and have incorporated, natural resources. For example, a traditional hunting and fishing ground is less valued by subsistence peoples if it is despoiled by contamination or physical ecosystem degradation; an Indian sacred ground is tarnished if the surrounding natural environment is degraded; a traditional homeland is less valued if the land itself is contaminated. Our argument is that intact natural resources are essential elements of many cultural resources, and this aspect requires and demands adequate consideration (and may therefore require compensation).     

Tree health mapping with multispectral remote sensing data at UC Davis, California

Tree health is a critical parameter for evaluating urban ecosystem health and sustainability. Traditionally, this parameter has been derived from field surveys. We used multispectral remote sensing data and GIS techniques to determine tree health at the University of California, Davis. The study area (363 ha) contained 8,962 trees of 215 species. Tree health conditions were mapped for each physiognomic type at two scales: pixel and whole tree. At the pixel scale, each tree pixel within the tree crown was classified as either healthy or unhealthy based on vegetation index values. At the whole tree scale, raster based statistical analysis was used to calculate tree health index which is the ratio of healthy pixels to entire tree pixels within the tree crown. The tree was classified as healthy if the index was greater than 70%. Accuracy was checked against a random sample of 1,186 trees. At the whole tree level, 86% of campus trees were classified as healthy with 88% mapping accuracy. At the pixel level, 86% of the campus tree cover was classified as healthy. This tree health evaluation approach allows managers to identify the location of unhealthy trees for further diagnosis and treatment. It can be used to track the spread of disease and monitor seasonal or annual changes in tree health. Also, it provides tree health information that is fundamental to modeling and analysis of the environmental, social, and economic services produced by urban forests.     

引导大学生形成健康心理素质的几点做法

当前大学生面对瞬息万变的社会难以适应,诱发了各种心理疾病。文章分析了大学生自身的心理素质具有观念先进行为落后、情绪时而稳定时而波动、成熟性强适应性差和在交往中感到孤独等特征,指出了这些特征对大学生形成健康心理素质的影响。并结合工作中的实际案例,总结了培养大学生健康心理素质的工作途径,提出了明确工作目标、制定整体规划、加强队伍建设、完善管理机制、课堂内外结合开展网络式教育、开展普查咨询、处理好心理素质教育与思想政治工作的关系等几点做法和建议,来引导大学生形成健康心理素质。     

职业倦怠与体育教师心理健康教育

体育教师职业倦怠对其心理健康的影响主要表现为情绪衰竭、去个性化和成就感降低。引发体育教师职业倦怠的压力源包括：社会压力、学校压力和自身压力。建议教会体育教师积极认知、掌握调节情绪的方法和鼓励体育教师勇于改变自我，     

大学毕业生择业心理的研究

随着大学毕业生分配制度的改革,大学生求职呈现出多元化的趋势。大学毕业生如何获得一份满意的工作,已成为全社会关注的课题。高校扩招之后大学毕业生就业高峰迭起。文章针对大学毕业生择业时的矛盾、焦虑、自傲、自卑、自负、挫折等等亚健康的心理状态提出相应的对策,帮助毕业生更好地了解就业形势和择业时面临的困难及挑战。     

高校心理健康教育目标体系探析

认为确立心理健康教育目标体系是实施心理健康教育的重要环节,指出了构建高校心理健康教育目标应遵守的基本原则,对心理健康教育目标体系进行了分析,对目标应包含的认知、情感、意志、个性等方面的内容进行了阐述。     

论民族教育的“依法治教”及教育事业健康发展

现行民族教育法律制度理论准备有所不足,民族教育立法欠完善,可操作性差。应当正确认识和重新界定“消灭三大差别”的科学内涵,深入调研,转变观念,建立适合我国民族地方条件与民族特点、有利于民族文化传承创新的新的教育模式,制定实施《民族教育法》,促进民族教育“依法治教”和教育事业健康发展。