英国住宅业发展机制及其启示

各国住宅业发展的目标都是提高大多数人的居住水平。英国住宅业的发展得益于成熟的市场机制、健全的金融支持系统和完善的住房政策。目前我国住宅业发展还面临许多棘手的问题，如何认识和解决这些难题，引导我国住宅业健康发展，英国的实践能给予我们启迪。     

英语专业八级考试新增题型与人文素质教育

2004年《高校英语专业八级考试大纲》规定从2005年起对英语专业八级考试题型作了调整,快速阅读被人文知识题型取代。这一变化是为了适应当前社会形势发展的需要,培养英语专业学生的人文素养,提高他们的综合能力,增加竞争优势。这对高校英语教学提出了新的要求,在教学中要注重文化知识,尤其是西方文化的输入,包括主要英语国家的历史、地理、语言、文学、宗教、哲学等,但同时不能忽略了本国文化的教育。     

八大党代会常任制思想论析——兼解读党的十七大报告：“选择一些县（市、区）试行党代表大会常任制”

若要深入解读党的十七大报告强调的“选择一些县（市、区）试行党代表大会常任制”，就必须首先从来龙去脉上搞清党代会常任制思想。普遍认为，党代会常任制思想是在党的八大上由邓小平正式提出来的。如果遵循历史的和逻辑的考察视角，从八大常任制思想提出的时代背景、主要内容、价值意义、实践情况以及未能坚持下来的原因等方面对八大常任制思想进行细致的梳理和分析，就可以使我们更深入地解读党的十七大报告，同时，也可以为今天正在深入推进的党代会常任制试点提供坚强的理论支持。     

拉斯普京中篇小说新论

拉斯普京的中篇小说以农村题材和强烈的道德激情饮誉前苏联国内外。对此 ,评论界已有定评。本文用对比的手法分析了 1 976年前与 1 976年后 ,苏联解体前与苏联解体后拉氏中篇小说在题材、基调方面的一些主要特征及其变化 ,并提出了一些异于定评的看法     

α粒子散射实验的CAI研究

利用计算机对α粒子散射进行模拟 ,对以往课堂教学过程中需要较强空间想象力才能理解的实验过程利用动画和 3D来演示 ,数据利用EXCEL处理 ,并生成各式图表     

Social area analysis in program evaluation and planning

This article defines social area analysis and identifies its conceptual roots and principal applications. By reviewing the uses of demographic data among several disciplines, the utility of social area analysis is assessed. The authors cite and briefly review the seminal and most recent contributions to the field. Several types of ecological fallacies and other problematic facets of social area analysis are considered, as well as specific issues in the derivation of statistical inferences from cross-level and same-level areal and case data.     

Assessing Health Risks Associated with DDT Residues in Soils in California: A Proposition 65 Case Study

Population growth in California has increased the pressure to convert agricultural land to commercial, industrial, or residential uses. In the ensuing property transactions, buyers and sellers must address the presence of toxic materials in soils such as pesticides, several of which are known to the State of California to cause cancer under Proposition 65. While this statute does not specifically address soil contaminants, the potential scope of its enforcement is sufficiently broad that owners of former agricultural properties may be obliged to provide warning of exposure to potential buyers, occupants, or construction workers about exposure to residues in soil from pesticide applications. However, Proposition 65 provides no guidance on how to assess exposures to chemicals in soil. The U.S. EPA Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund (RAGS) provides a method for assessing soil-related exposure pathways that is consistent with the intent of Proposition 65. Using this approach, we have calculated the lifetime average concentrations of DDT in soil corresponding to the no-significant-risk level stipulated under Proposition 65 (1 × 10⁻⁵) for a hypothetical residential exposure scenario. The concentration of DDT in soil corresponding to a no-significant-risk ranges from 7.9-18.8 mg/kg, depending upon which exposure pathways are deemed to be complete for residential land use. It is argued that Proposition 65 forces the assessment and possible cleanup of such a situation through the threat of creating a health risk perception that could affect the market value of a property.     

Activist Identity as a Motivational Resource: Dynamics of (Dis)empowerment at the G8 Direct Actions,Gleneagles, 2005

This paper describes a study examining how different groups at some of the G8 protests, Gleneagles, 2005, negotiated experiences of (dis)empowerment. A recent survey of protest events speculated that, as a function of their social identities, experienced activists have available to them particular strategies to counter disempowerment and hence provide motivation for continued involvement. The G8 direct actions in Gleneagles provided an opportunity to examine such dynamics of (dis)empowerment in situ. An ethnographic study was carried out covering the duration of the Gleneagles events, including interviews with forty participants. Two key findings were as follows. First, across the protest group as a whole there was little unification and no agreed definition of success. Consequently, feelings of empowerment varied systematically across the sample. The second key finding concerned changes in definitions of success among some participants. For experienced activists, their activist identity entailed access to sets of arguments and discussions with fellow activists which allowed potentially disempowering events to be (re-)interpreted positively. An example was the re-evaluation of the importance of the Stirling campsite, which came to be seen by some as a key achievement. We argue in conclusion, however, that some activist strategies to maintain empowerment, while appearing to be based on a radical position, can operate as a break on escalation. The analysis as a whole suggests both the subjective and objective significance of identity and empowerment in movement dynamics.     

Relation entre produit et chômage: la loi d'Okun est‐elle valide en Grèce?

A partir d'une spécification dynamique de la loi d'Okun, les auteurs étudient la relation entre produit et chômage en Grèce sur la période 2000–2012. Si le test de causalité de Granger indique que le produit réel est important pour comprendre les évolutions ultérieures du chômage, ils constatent un ratio d'Okun de 3 à 1, impliquant qu'un accroissement du chômage de 1 pour cent était associé à une baisse de 3 pour cent du produit, durant la période étudiée. Une analyse des asymétries montre que la réaction du chômage aux variations du produit est plus marquée lors des contractions que lors des expansions.