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71.
Abstract This study investigates the psychometric properties, factor structure and validity of the revised Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R), an instrument designed to measure exposure to bullying in the workplace. By reanalyzing data based on a heterogeneous sample of 5288 UK employees, the results show that the 22-item instrument has a high internal stability, with three underlying factors: personal bullying, work-related bullying and physically intimidating forms of bullying, although the instrument may also be used as a single factor measure. Criterion validity was explored by relating the scores on the NAQ-R to a single-item measure of perceived victimization from bullying, showing high correlations with both the total NAQ-R and scores on the three factors. Targets of bullying scored significantly higher on all 22 items compared to non-targets. The NAQ-R correlated as expected with measures of mental health, psychosocial work environment and leadership, indicating a good construct validity of the instrument. Furthermore, a latent class cluster (LCC) analysis showed that the instrument may be used to differentiate between groups of employees with different levels of exposure to bullying, ranging from infrequent exposure to incivility at work to severe victimization from bullying and harassment. The more commonly used operational criteria can also be used to detect targets of bullying. Hence, the NAQ-R is proposed as a standardized and valid instrument for the measurement of workplace bullying. 相似文献
72.
Atia Daud Erling Skoglund Per-Anders Rydelius 《International Journal of Social Welfare》2005,14(1):23-32
This article details a study to test the hypothesis that immigrant children whose parents have been tortured before coming to Sweden suffer from depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress symptoms, somatisation and behavioural disorders. Fifteen families where at least one of the parents had experienced torture were compared with fifteen families from a similar ethnic and cultural background where their parents might have experienced violence but not torture. The parents were investigated using interviews, the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP) and Harvard/Uppsala Trauma Questionnaire (H/UTQ). The children were assessed using the DICA-interview according to DSM-IV. On the H/UTQ test, traumatised parents scored higher with respect to post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, somatisation, anxiety and psychosocial stress symptoms. On the KSP, they scored higher on nine of the fifteen sub-scales. The fathers in the tortured group scored higher than their wives only on the sub-scale for guilt. According to the DICA-interviews, the children of tortured parents had more symptoms of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, attention deficits and behavioural disorders compared with the comparison group. Social workers, psy-chiatrists, psychologists and teachers need to be aware of a possible transmission of parents' traumatic experiences to their children and to develop treatment methods for children of torture victims. 相似文献
73.
Azize Turhan Suleyman Engin Akhan Funda Gungor Ugurlucan Cenk Yasa Umran Oskay 《心理学和人类性特征杂志》2015,27(4):396-405
Objectives: The primary objective was to investigate the effects of urinary incontinence (UI) on Turkish women's sexual functioning. Methods: We evaluated 396 women and divided them into 4 groups: reproductive-aged women without UI (Group A), reproductive-aged women with UI (Group B), menopausal-aged women without UI (Group C), and menopausal-aged women with UI (Group D). Results: The mean Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) score was significantly higher and the Beck's Depression Inventory scores were significantly lower in Group A. FSFI scores showed a strong negative correlation with age and parity and a strong positive correlation with years of education. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that UI is an independent risk factor for female sexual problems. 相似文献
74.
通过对网络媒介素养测量研究现状的分析,笔者提出了现阶段网络媒介素养的测量存在的问题:网络媒介素养测量研究领域和研究主体比例存在问题,包括以网络媒介素养为研究领域的文章所占比重过大和网络媒介素养研究主体所占的比例不平衡;网络媒介素养测量研究的具体内容存在问题,包括研究前提的缺失:网络媒介素养操作性定义缺失;研究题目拟定的乏味:批量复制的麦当劳化式的题目;研究方法的单一:问卷法一统天下;研究结论的泛化:研究得出的结论空泛没有针对性。最后笔者提出了测量研究生网络媒介素养的一种可能办法。 相似文献
75.
何青 《南昌航空大学学报》2008,10(1):26-33
企业的经营目标是一个长期争论的话题,历史上先后出现过利润最大化、价值(股东财富)最大化、相关利益者价值最大化、销售收入最大化和规模最大化等多个不同的观点。本文通过大样本问卷调查发现:(1)现阶段我国企业最重要的经营目标仍然是利润最大化,而很少考虑企业员工等相关利益者的利益;(2)多数企业同时设定几个逻辑上明显冲突的经营目标,表明现实企业经营目标的选择受多种因素的影响;(3)Logit回归模型显示,企业类型、规模、经营风格以及经理人员的任期、年龄和是否持股等状况与企业的经营目标有着密切联系。 相似文献
76.
This paper reports results from a unique experiment conducted in the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) to gauge the effect of question format on men’s reports of contraceptive use at last sexual intercourse. Respondents received separate questions about their own and their partners’ contraceptive use or one combined question about either partner’s contraceptive use. We examine whether receiving separate questions, as opposed to one combined question, is related to higher reports of using any contraceptive method, specific methods, female methods in addition to male methods, and the number of methods reported. We find that reports of any contraceptive use at last sex and use of the most common methods, condoms and the pill, were stable across question formats. However, we find significantly higher reports of withdrawal, combining male and female methods, and multiple method use among men who received the separate-question format. We also find that characteristics of the sexual experience in question condition the effect of question format on men’s reports. 相似文献
77.
Tax resistance takes two major forms, namely tax avoidance and tax evasion both of which diminish a government's tax receipts. Limited research on taxpayers’ perceptions has been conducted in South Africa. A study was undertaken in order to determine the perceptions of South African taxpayers about various aspects with regard to taxation. There are no standardised scales to measure taxpayers’ perceptions. The reasons for evading taxes, however, have been explored by both economists and psychologists. This article elaborates on the design of a measurement tool for determining taxpayers’ perceptions taking previous research into account. In addition, this article assesses whether findings from the current research substantiates earlier research. The results of the current study confirmed the majority of findings from past research. The significance of this study is emphasised, in that it builds on previous research, utilising insights from several disciplines and various theoretical perspectives. 相似文献
78.
Galletta and Lederer [10] concluded that the short-form measure of user information satisfaction (UIS) lacks sufficient test-retest reliability. We question the validity of this conclusion since the method used by the authors for assessing test-retest reliability is not grounded in classical reliability theory. Analysis of their data suggests that the UIS instrument has adequate test-retest reliability. 相似文献
79.
《The aging male》2013,16(2):115-118
Introduction.?The relationship among lifestyle, aging and psychological wellbeing was evaluated in Japanese working men.Methods.?Self-administered questionnaire on six lifestyle factors and the General Health Questionnaire 12-item version (GHQ12) were administered to 3306 male workers. Health practice index (HPI) was calculated as a desirable lifestyle score by summing up each binary lifestyle score (0, 1), ranging from 0 to 6. To check validity of the study outcome, the authors repeated twice with 1 year interval. HPI was categorised into three groups by the score of 0–2, 3–4 and 5–6.Results.?The number of subjects categorised by HPI was 532, 1967 and 807, respectively. The mean value of GHQ12 significantly decreased as the HPI increased by adjusting age. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to predict GHQ12 by six lifestyle scores, and age, sleep, night snacking and exercise were significantly related to GHQ12. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted and age in 50s, two-shift work, sleep, night snacking and exercise were significantly associated with GHQ12.Conclusion.?Although cause–effect relationship cannot make clear, some of desirable health practices and aging were closely related to psychological wellbeing judged by GHQ12. 相似文献
80.
Problems in studying occupational stress within the police service are identified and the paucity of work on operational duties as potential stressors are discussed. The present study reports the results of a factor analysis of operational stressors (N = 601 serving British police officers) that revealed three factors: exposure to death and disaster; violence and injury; sexual crime. These were demonstrated to be reliable scales and were included in logistic regression models together with a range of demographic and psychological variables. Models were applied to men and women separately, which showed there to be different predictors of the likelihood of suffering distress (measured by the General Health Questionnaire, GHQ) in terms of the officer's gender and operational role. Overall the model for women officers was better at predicting psychological distress than that for men. These findings are related to aspects of the police occupational culture. Further discussion is offered that conceptualizes police operational stressors as traumatic, routine and vicarious. Finally, some implications are drawn for the provision of stress intervention in the light of this differentiation. 相似文献