BOOST－PFC电路反馈环节的优化设计

介绍了平均电流控制ＢＯＯＳＴ─ＰＦＣ电路的原理，建立了电流环和电压环的小信号简化模型，讨论了双环反馈环节的设计原则和方法，提出最优设计的思想和数学模型，并以一种ＢＯＯＳＴ─ＰＦＣ电路为例进行优化设计，计算模拟结果显示优化后有关指标好于优化前。     

Six Propositions on Public Participation and Their Relevance for Risk Communication

New societal obligations for communicating risk information are emerging in a variety of contexts. This article draws upon the lengthy societal experience with citizen participation programs to identify how risk communication efforts may be effectively structured and implemented. Six major propositions address such themes as means/ends differences in expectations, the timing of the program, the role of credibility and trust, the need for technical and analytical resources, differing thresholds of public involvement, and limitations upon current understandings. Key conclusions for the design of risk communication programs are set forth.     

中国农村发展水平因子分析

"三农"问题已成为制约中国经济社会发展的瓶颈性因素,而要有效地解决"三农"问题,首先要对中国不同地区农村发展水平做出相对客观的评价。选取一系列的评价指标,运用多元统计分析中的因子分析方法,30个省区的农村发展水平作整体综合分析,得出各地区农村发展水平的概况,并在此基础上指出了各地区解决农村发展问题的重点。     

Prospect Theory and Limit Lines

Risk acceptance criteria in the form of limit lines are investigated in the context of prospect theory. This theory departs from utility theory in several respects, an important one being the use of weights other than probabilities in the evaluation of the expected impact of uncertain outcomes. Hypothetical functions reflecting certain attitudes toward consequences and rare events are developed and combined to produce several limit lines.     

论"二拍"中的商贾题材小说

"二拍"中的商贾小说表现了资本主义萌芽给人们生活和思想观念带来的冲击和影响,表现了许多突破传统的新观念;表现了商品交换的繁荣给社会生活带来的新变化;表现了商品交换催发的人性中的恶给社会带来的负面影响;形象地总结了商人们在长期的经营过程中积累的经商艺术.     

The Media and Genetically Modified Foods: Evidence in Support of Social Amplification of Risk

Empirical examinations of the "social amplification of risk" framework are rare, partly because of the difficulties in predicting when conditions likely to result in amplification effects will occur. This means that it is difficult to examine changes in risk perception that are contemporaneous with increases and/or decreases in social or media discussion of the risks associated with a particular risk event. However, the collection of attitude data before, during, and after the increased reporting of the risks of genetically modified food in the United Kingdom (spring 1999) has demonstrated that people's risk perceptions do increase and decrease in line with what might be expected upon examination of the amplification and attenuation mechanisms integral to the framework. Perceptions of benefit, however, appeared to be permanently depressed by negative reporting about genetically modified food. Trust in regulatory institutions with responsibility for protecting the public was not affected. It was concluded that the social amplification of risk framework is a useful framework for beginning to explain the potential impact on risk perceptions of a risk event, particularly if that risk event is presented to the public as a new hazard occurring in a crisis context.     

论康熙时代的赋税减免

清朝康熙时代的不同历史阶段,面对特定的政治经济形势所推行的钱粮蠲免政策,其着眼点和具体形式表现出差异。康熙初期,从政策条例和实践来看,为应付战争的需要,保证财力的扩大,清政权实行的是被动、严苛的蠲免政策。中期,康熙政权把宽赋和蠲免作为"育民之道"的关键环节,推行促进农业生产发展的主动积极的钱粮蠲免措施。后期,在普蠲基础上,清政府仍继续推行因时因地的蠲免政策。不同时期赋税蠲免政策的积极效果为不同的因素所制约,不能简单地将其作为康乾盛世的内容之一加以理想化。     

日本经济长期低迷的金融因素分析

日本步入20世纪80年代经济发展缓慢,80年代末形成"泡沫经济",90年代初"泡沫"经济破裂至今,经济长期低迷。严重的经济衰退曾引发了金融财政危机,企业大量破产以及由此导致的失业剧增等一系列问题。从战后的高速发展到今天的经济困境,究其原因有很多,本文对导致日本经济低迷的金融因素———低利率政策,银行、企业、政府的铁三角关系等方面做出概括性的分析,并对我国在推行利率市场化的过程中所应从中得到的教训及启示做出了阐述。     

复垦区时空演变影响要素研究

中国大多数的复垦区属于城镇体系地域结构中的一部份。目前多数研究者仅将复垦区当作一个"面"进行研究,主要研究复垦区的自身规律,而没有将复垦区当作一个"点"来进行研究。本文比较详细地阐述了复垦区时空演变模式研究的必要性,选择河北省唐山市为研究区域,并对收集的大量图片和文字资料进行高度选择性的加工利用,以地理学为研究的主要依据,分析了唐山市在城镇化进程中复垦区的时空演变影响要素。