Parental spanking and subsequent risk for child aggression in father-involved families of young children

This study examined separate and combined maternal and paternal use of spanking with children at age 3 and children's subsequent aggressive behavior at age 5. The sample was derived from a birth cohort study and included families (n = 923) in which both parents lived with the child at age 3. In this sample, 44% of 3-year-olds were spanked 2 times or more in the past month by either parent or both parents. In separate analyses, being spanked more than twice in the prior month at age 3, by either mother or father, was associated with increased child aggression at 5 years. In combined analyses, there was a dose–response association; the greatest risk for child aggression was reported when both parents spanked more than twice in the prior month (adjusted odds ratio: 2.01; [confidence interval: 1.03–3.94]). Violence prevention initiatives should target and engage mothers and fathers in anticipatory guidance efforts aimed at increasing the use of effective and non-aggressive child discipline techniques and reducing the use of spanking.     

论人口的聚焦效应

本文认为人口聚集有五大主要效益———分工深化效应、学习激励效应、低成本效应、高生活质量效应和文明发展效应;这些效应促进了社会经济的发展和繁荣;当我们就如何实现人口的聚集,提出几点措施;此外本文还就人口聚集有关的问题提出了自己的观点。     

The Authentic Leadership Inventory (ALI): Development and empirical tests

This paper presents the development and preliminary validation of a new measure of authentic leadership, the Authentic Leadership Inventory (ALI). It also assesses the recently developed Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ). Results indicate some concerns with the ALQ but support the content validity, reliability, factor structure, convergent and discriminant validity, concurrent validity, and freedom from impression management response bias of the ALI. Confirmatory factor analyses also do not support treating authentic or transformational leadership as universally global constructs. Instead, it is argued that future research would better be served by using separate authentic and transformational dimensions (rather than aggregate or global measures) to understand the unique aspects of both leadership constructs.     

大型工程项目团队知识学习范式构建

分析大型工程项目团队学习与知识运动规律,建立了大型工程项目团队知识学习范式模型,研究了其知识学习流程和知识运动流程及其管理要点.     

浅谈西方失业理论在中国的实证分析

造成目前我国大量工人失业的根本原因是我国庞大的劳动力供应总量与相对较小的国民经济产业规模之间的矛盾性.市场经济对效率的追求和我国经济发展动力机制改革的滞后则把失业问题公开化和严重化了.解决我国的失业问题是一个系统性的工程,需要社会各界的共同努力.     

我国的外贸现实与理论调适

我国的对外贸易格局和外贸政策,20世纪90年代中期以后发生重要变化.这给对外贸易理论提出了新的课题.本文通过理论解说和实证分析认为,在西方占主流地位的产业内贸易理论对我国有重要的启发和指导意义.我国外贸的方向应是获取动态递升的贸易利益.     

国际幼儿参与测量工具研究进展及启示

幼儿在活动中的参与和投入状态反映了幼儿是否深度和有效学习,是幼儿园保教质量评估的重要组成部分,也是幼儿未 来学业成就的重要预测因素。然而,幼儿参与（children engagement）这一变量目前在国内的研究甚少,这可能源于测量工具的 不成熟。国外幼儿参与研究已有一定实证基础,且在政策层面得到西方国家政府的重视。本研究对国际上幼儿参与的主要测 量工具进行系统梳理和介绍,概述它们的主要内容、使用方法、测量范畴和优缺点。在此基础上,提出对我国幼儿参与研究的 几点启示：首先,选择测量工具前须明确幼儿参与的定义;其次,为能全面评估幼儿参与,同时使用观察和量表两种方式,开发 幼儿自我评估的工具,使测量能覆盖幼儿教育全部活动情境等措施是有益的尝试。     

情绪调节自我效能感量表的修订

文章严格按照量表修订程序对Caprara等人2008年编制的情绪调节自我效能感量表（SRESE）进行修订,分别选取192名和1691名中学生进行初测和正式施测,验证修订版量表的信度和效度。结果表明：修订后的量表内部一致信度为0．653～0．864,分半信度为0．602～0．740,建构信度为0．709～0．772;各条目一总分相关系数均有统计学显著性意义,CR值均达到显著水平;验证性因素分析支持二阶五因素模型。因此,认为修订后量表具有良好的心理测量学指标,可在中国青少年人群中应用。     

养羊场户饲养规模扩大意愿影响因素分析——基于山东省17地市849家养羊场(户)的调查数据

养羊场(户)扩大饲养规模是提高羊养殖规模化程度的前提。利用山东省17地市849份养羊场(户)的调查数据,运用Logit二元离散选择模型,实证分析了养羊场(户)饲养规模扩大意愿的影响因素。研究结果表明:决策者文化程度、饲养规模、饲养类型、专业化程度、是否加入养羊合作社、是否加入产业化经营组织6个因素对养羊场(户)饲养规模扩大意愿有显著影响。     

张掖市农地规模经营发展现状与存在问题分析

以张掖市为例,在深入调研和广泛收集、整理相关调研数据的基础上,归纳和总结了张掖市农地规模经营发展的现状,主要表现为:规模经营面积和地区不断增加,规模经营主体多元化,规模经营形式多样化,规模经营以制种为主等;分析了张掖市农地规模经营存在的问题,主要包括:农户对国家倡导的土地政策和土地流转认识不足,对土地的依赖程度高;农地所有权界定不清;土地流转行为不规范,农地规模化经营缺乏持久稳定性等;并结合张掖实际情况提出了相关对策。