宁夏人口与生态环境面临的问题及对策

宁夏是少数民族地区,较为宽松的生育政策。导致人口快速增殖。由于宁夏所处的地理位置和历史遗留的生态债务使得境内生态环境十分脆弱。尤其是人口过度增殖已超出了刚性土地资源的有效容纳力。这不仅给环境造成了巨大压力,也进一步加剧了生态环境的恶化。本文通过大量统计数据和实地调研。分析了近年来宁夏人口与生态环境之间存在的亟待解决的矛盾和问题。分析表明,当前宁夏尤其是宁南山区人口数量与人口素质、人口数量与生态存量和生态消费之间表现出了明显的此长彼消的关系。在分析的基础上．提出了人口与生态环境建设方面的政策建议。     

退休年龄对劳动参与率的影响

自1951年以来。中国的退休政策并未随着平均寿命、经济发展等情况的变化做出大的改变。每年有成千上万的老年劳动者,在其仍有劳动意愿和劳动能力的情况下,因为政策的规定离开工作岗位。过低的退休年龄使得我国的劳动参与率被潜在的低估,如果调整现行退休政策,将修正劳动参与率、减少“人口负债”期问题、缓解未来养老金收支失衡压力和挤压劳动力市场。     

流动人口计划生育管理服务体系的缺陷与对策

流动人口计划生育管理服务工作是当前我国人口计生工作的难点。通过论述我国流动人口计划生育管理服务体系存在的理论缺陷、管理体制缺陷、融入缺陷、制度缺陷、机制缺陷、资源缺陷和手段缺陷,从战略层面、发展层面、工作层面提出提高流动人口计划生育管理服务效能的系列对策,以期能够破解困扰全国多年的流动人口计划生育管理服务难题。     

贵州乡村旅游文化资源与乡村人口传统文化素质探析

本文从人口学、社会学及民族学等学科视角,以学界鲜有涉足的“人口传统文化素质”作为切入点。探究贵州乡村旅游与乡村人口传统文化素质的互动关系．以及如何通过提高乡村人口传统文化素质来促进贵州乡村文化旅游资源的开发。以期为贵州旅游事业与乡村人口的全面发展提供有益思路。     

Community-Based Services and Depression from Person-Environment Fit Perspective: Focusing on Functional Impairments and Living Alone

ABSTRACT

Guided by the Person-Environment Fit perspective, we investigated the extent to which personal and environmental factors influence depression among community-dwelling adults. The data came from the special section about community-based service utilization in the 2012 Health and Retirement Study (N=1,710). Although community-based service was not significantly associated with depression after controlling for covariates, respondents with functional limitations and living alone were less likely to be depressed when using community-based services. This study demonstrates the different associations between community-based services and depression depending on personal needs. It discusses the importance of community-based services for aging-in-place policy, particularly among vulnerable populations.     

A stratified unrelated question randomized response model using Neyman allocation

This paper applies stratified random sampling using Neyman allocation to Mangat et al. (1992 Mangat, N.S., Singh, R., Singh, S. (1992). An improved unrelated question randomized response strategy. Cal. Stat. Assoc. Bull. 42:277–281.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) unrelated question randomized response (RR) strategy for both completely truthful reporting and less than completely truthful reporting. It is shown that, for the prior information given, our new model is more efficient in terms of variance (in the case of completely truthful reporting) and mean square error (in terms of less than completely truthful reporting) than Kim and Elam's (2007 Kim, J.M., Elam, M.E. (2007). A stratified unrelated question randomized response model. Stat. Papers 48:215–233.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) model. Numerical illustrations and graphs are also given in support of the present study.     

A fresh approach for intercession of nonresponse in multivariate longitudinal designs

The occurrence of nonresponse is very much plebeian in surveys, which troubles the analysis, and hence, an inappropriate inference is left out. To counterbalance the sour effects of the incompleteness, fresh imputation techniques have been proposed with the aid of multi-auxiliary variates for the estimation of population mean on successive waves. Properties of the proposed estimators have been elaborated, and they have been compared with the work of Priyanka et al. (2015). Detailed simulation study is carried out to substantiate the empirical and theoretical results. Several possible cases have been addressed in which nonresponse can occur.     

Competing Frameworks in Planning for the Aged in the Growth Corridors of Melbourne

The Ageing in the Growth Corridors Project was initiated as a partnership between the University of Melbourne and the Department of Health in the Northwest Metropolitan Region of Melbourne, Australia. It involved a research team working with six project officers appointed to stimulate development in relation to an aging population in the sprawling outer metropolitan growth corridors. This article identifies the key lessons learned in terms of project implementation relating to attitudinal and structural barriers to the development of an age-friendly environment in areas of rapid urban growth. The findings illustrate some of the dilemmas raised by competing program conceptions, a dynamic and changing federal/state policy context, and local resource and strategic management constraints. The partnership with the university, nevertheless, provided a point of stability and continuity for the project officers in implementing their mandate.     

建立中国特色的社区综合养老社会服务体系

支持老人就地养老是当前老年社会服务的一个核心实践。它不仅能够让老人在熟悉的社区环境里度过晚年,维系对身心健康具有重要意义的社会网络和社会支持,而且与机构照顾相比,能够显著降低社会成本。分析我国当前社区养老服务的有利条件和不利因素,总结梳理国际上的养老服务经验,提出在我国城市和农村建立社区综合养老社会服务体系的框架。这一框架试图将当前参与养老社会服务的多元主体纳入其中,包括社区养老服务、机构养老服务、居家养老服务、家庭(类似家庭或模拟家庭)养老、结伴(老年公寓)养老等方面。最后就政府的宏观战略规划、完善社会服务支持体系和构建良好的养老环境提出了政策建议,以期对社区综合养老服务体系的建立和完善提供必要支持。     

上海市流动人口特征与区域经济发展关系研究

利用2005年全国1%人口抽样调查和"六普"数据,对2005—2010年上海市外来流动人口的变化与上海经济社会发展的关系进行了研究。研究结果表明:外来流动人口对上海GDP增长的贡献度达30%以上;近5年,上海流动人口从中心区向近、远郊流动的地理分布变化与上海的投资增长中心逐渐向近郊转移的趋势有很强的对应性,同时,流动人口的区域分布与上海工业企业的区域分布间有着极高的正向相关性。外来流动人口在缓解上海经济发展与劳动力相对不足的同时,其低水平的就业结构一定程度上制约了产业结构升级,导致第二产业的"滞移问题",减缓了第三产业中现代服务业的发展步伐。