大学生消费状况的调查与思考——以安徽农业大学为例

以对安徽农业大学在校本科生的抽样问卷调查所收集的数据为基础,统计描述了在校大学生的经济来源、消费结构等多个方面的状况。概括了大学生消费中所呈现出的特征：对家庭依赖性强、网络消费开支偏高等特点。对大学生城乡背景与消费额等多组相关关系进行了双变量分析。     

大学生诚信缺失的心理分析及对策

大学生的不诚信行为与一系列的心理因素有关,如躲避惩罚、获得更大利益、虚荣、从众、侥幸、恶作剧和逆反心理。诚信缺失对大学生的心理健康有不容忽视的消极影响,采取适当策略,对于促进大学生的健康发展,构建和谐社会,具有积极的意义。     

高等学校学生管理合法性的基本原则

高等学校学生管理合法性的基本原则是指高等学校制定的规章制度和发生具体学生管理活动时所必须遵守的基本法则和行为标准。理解并遵守高等学校学生管理合法性的基本原则,是保证高校学生管理合法的重要前提。高等学校学生管理合法性的基本原则主要包括:主体合法、规章制度合法、程序合法、比例适度原则等。     

Validation of the MidACE tool – Students’ perceptions of the Midwifery Academic role in clinical environments

BackgroundSituating Midwifery Academics in clinical environments can have an important impact on students’ clinical learning. Students’ perceptions of this support role in the clinical environment using standardised measures has been under-investigated.AimsTo develop and test a tool that measures midwifery students’ perceptions of the Midwifery Academic role on clinical learning and development of professional knowledge, skills and clinical capability.MethodsA staged process for tool development included draft item generation, review by expert panel for face and content validity and pilot testing with a convenience sample of undergraduate midwifery students. Dimensionality, internal consistency and test–retest reliability were evaluated.ResultsTwo hundred and seventy-nine midwifery students completed an online survey (74% response rate). Responses on the ten-item tool loaded strongly on one factor, explaining 69.6% of variance. Cronbach's alpha (0.94) and test–retest reliability (intraclass coefficient = .92; 95%CI .89–.95) were good. Most students agreed that the Midwifery Academic role supported the integration of midwifery theory and practice and critical self-reflection. Areas for improvement included working in partnership with preceptors; assessing students’ development; and increased presence in the clinical environment.ConclusionsThis study established reliability and validity of the Midwifery Academic in Clinical Environments (MidACE) tool. Students perceived Midwifery Academics could contribute further to their professional knowledge, skills and clinical capability through a strong collaborative presence in the clinical environment.     

专科生《21世纪大学英语》的教学改革

分析了《21世纪大学英语》教材的特色,以本套教材为突破口,分别从词汇教学,基础知识教学与激发学习动机,培养基本写作能力三个方面提出了针对专科学生英语教学的新思路和方法。     

The involvement of service users in the assessment of Diploma in Social Work students on practice placements

The government, local authorities and academic institutions in the United Kingdom all positively support the involvement of service users in social work practice and education. Based upon research undertaken for a Master's dissertation, this article argues for such an inclusive approach. The author works for the Training and Development Services of an English Social and Caring Services department, which delivers a Diploma in Social Work course in collaboration with the local university college. This course began to incorporate service users' views in the assessment of students on practice placements in the mid-1990s. This was a helpful development, although areas of ambiguity and difficulty became apparent, as did a lack of clarity and consistency in the implementation of the process. A qualitative survey of the views of practice teachers was conducted by means of semi-structured interviews, which focussed on the main principles, issues and practical implications of service user involvement in the assessment of DipSW students. The article offers a summary of the findings of the survey, and a critical discussion of the main issues and difficulties that emerged. Some recommendations are made for the course that the author is associated with, although they would probably apply to most DipSW courses in the United Kingdom. The author is male, white and British.     

浅议大学生日常教育管理的有效方式与途径

从当前高校基层学生工作的实际出发,总结新形势下面临的问题与挑战,进而提出以科学发展观指导,建立大学生日常教育管理工作有效模式,引导学生由＂他律＂到＂自律＂,最终实现自我管理、自我教育、自我发展。     

Class Size and Educational Policy: Who Benefits from Smaller Classes?

ABSTRACT

The impact of class size on student achievement remains an open question despite hundreds of empirical studies and the perception among parents, teachers, and policymakers that larger classes are a significant detriment to student development. This study sheds new light on this ambiguity by utilizing nonparametric tests for stochastic dominance to analyze unconditional and conditional test score distributions across students facing different class sizes. Analyzing the conditional distributions of test scores (purged of observables using class-size specific returns), we find that there is little causal effect of marginal reductions in class size on test scores within the range of 20 or more students. However, reductions in class size from above 20 students to below 20 students, as well as marginal reductions in classes with fewer than 20 students, increase test scores for students below the median, but decrease test scores above the median. This nonuniform impact of class size suggests that compensatory school policies, whereby lower-performing students are placed in smaller classes and higher-performing students are placed in larger classes, improves the academic achievement of not just the lower-performing students but also the higher-performing students.     

谈如何提高学生英语口语能力

造成学生英语口语能力普遍低的原因是多方面的。长期以来 ,我国学生英语口语教学是以教师为中心的 ,学生处于口语教学的“边缘”。由此 ,如何根据学生的“主体地位”来重新界定英语口语教师的角色地位 ,是一项具有重要意义的研究课题。其实 ,英语口语教师应该是学生口语表达能力的促进者、学生非智力因素的激发者和学生主动学习的引导者。     

Some Small-Sample Properties of the Student t Confidence Intervals

For the two-sided Student t confidence interval for the mean of a normal distribution there is, for any sample size, a sufficiently large confidence level that ensures that the interval covers all the observations; there are also sufficiently small confidence levels guaranteeing, respectively, that (a) the interval does not cover all the observations and (b) the interval lies within the extreme observations. Necessary and sufficient conditions are also obtained for the width of the confidence interval to always exceed the sample range, as well as for the reverse inequality. Some implications of the results are discussed.