英国文物借展扣押豁免立法评析

在文物国际交流中，文物借展期间的扣押豁免问题业已成为一个不可回避的现实和法律难题。英国关于文物借展扣押豁免的立法旨在确保境外文物在英国借展期间免受任何形式的扣押、没收或查没等强制措施，该法是自动授权型和申请审批型立法模式的有机结合，其适用范围也扩大至非国家实体，关于扣押豁免条件、当事人异议制度、效力及其例外规则的条款也颇具特色。我们在强调文物安全的同时需要密切关注该领域立法和实践的发展动态，着力协调好加强文物保护与促进文物国际交流的关系。     

An econometric model of the agricultural sector of the Indian economy

The interrelationships between production, consumption, and stocks are studied in an interdependent framework for two groups of agricultural commodities, namely foodgrains and nonfoodgrains, with a view to obtain policy guidelines for agricultural growth. The model is formulated with aggregate information over the period 1951–1975 and both static and dynamic simulation along with multiplier analysis are carried out to assess the performance of the model. The study reveals that if there had been no PL 480 aid from the U.S. imports, foodgrain prices would have been higher than observed prices. Ex-ante forecasts to 1985 suggest some need for adequate planning with regard to stockbuilding.     

Inflation,decimalization and the estimated sizes of coins

Subjects who were asked, in 1976, to estimate the sizes of British coins either under their current names or under their names before decimalization in 1971, gave bigger estimates under the old names. This difference is attributed to the loss of value of the coins since 1971.     

论美英刑法中的“entrapment”概念

通说认为,现代汉语中所称的“诱惑侦查”在美英刑法中称“entrapment”,美英法系国家对“机会提供型诱惑侦查”手段均持肯定态度,该手段现已成为其对付“无特定被害人刑事案件”的利器.但经深入考察发现,在美英刑法中,“entrapment”只不过是被告人的一种合法辩护理由,并没有被单独列为一种侦查手段,中国学者认为“entrapment”是一种包含合法侦查行为的侦查手段实质上是对该概念的误读,“机会提供型诱惑侦查”概念在美英刑法中其实并不存在.     

Public space,collective memory and intercultural dialogue in a (UK) city of culture

Using the case study of Derry~Londonderry and its designation as ‘UK City of Culture 2013’, the primary objective of this research paper is to critically analyse the challenges associated with the production of a year-long cultural programme in a culturally and politically divided place. Given that Northern Ireland’s second largest city has been understood in terms of a conflict between ‘two traditions’, Irish/Catholic and British/Protestant, we critically assess the dialogue and policy negotiations with reference to public places as well as representations of collective memory and traditional music during the year. Fieldwork over two years has enabled us to investigate how culture and identity politics are played out in the context of a city undergoing a process of reconciliation. Placing our case study in a strongly comparative context, we argue that cultural concerns are pivotal points of (re-)negotiation in any society transitioning from conflict to ‘peace’ and that this issue, therefore, is of vital concern to academics and policymakers alike internationally.     

Women politicians in the UK press: not seen and not heard?

This article asks questions about the ways in which female politicians are depicted in press coverage. Previous research has explored the ways in which female politicians are constructed as “other” from the male politician norm, where “men were taken to stand for the whole human population.” Other work has shown that coverage emphasises their appearance or femininity. However, there has been less research on the visibility of women in politics in our media: women not only need to be involved in politics, they need to be seen to be doing political work. Through a content analysis of British press coverage using samples from the last twenty years, we examine the relative visibility of women MPs compared to men, the extent to which their voice is heard, and the context of the coverage. We argue this may well contribute to deterring women from taking part in parliamentary politics.     

The geography of British exports: Country-level versus firm-level evidence

This study investigates the degree of regionalization of UK exporters. The firm-level findings, based on an original set of primary data of 356 UK exporters, are contrasted with the UK national trade flows as well as with the geographic spread of the UK, European and the world’s largest MNEs. The analysis produced consistent findings of regionalization regardless of the classification thresholds or sales matrices employed. The findings also imply that country-level data supports the firm-level findings of regionalization. While the analysis presents relatively strong corroborating evidence of regionalization of UK exports, it also indicates that UK exporters might be more multi-regional and global oriented than previously thought.     

The Role of Social Workers in Welfare to Work Programs

Summary

Welfare to work is an important arena for understanding the changing nature of social policy and practice in Australia, the UK, Hong Kong, and the United States. This article discusses some key policy and practice issues in respect to social work professional training and practice. Welfare to work programs focus on “active” measures and stress the importance of “responsibilities” for all people of working age to support themselves through employment. The programs are being implemented in different ways across these different countries but in all cases the focus is increasingly on groups of people who may require substantial levels of assistance to meet their needs and to help them find and sustain employment.     

In the Eye of the Storm: Civil Servants and Managers in the UK Department of Health

In the wake of the 2008 financial crisis, the UK government faces some tough choices over public expenditure, and these choices will have important implications for both the future of health policy and the way in which health services are managed. In this article, we examine the organization and leadership of the UK Department of Health and weigh its suitability to meet such challenges. We find an organization that is culturally split between public servants and managers, highly reliant on the ability of its key personnel to bridge these divides, and extremely responsive to the political goals of government ministers. We explore the modern DH using three types of evidence. First, the history of the department shows clear political efforts to reduce civil service discretion and focus the DH on the management of the English NHS. Second, the recent organizational structures of the DH show a bifurcation between policy direction and NHS management tasks. Third, an analysis of the top ranks of the department since 2005 shows the implementation of political preferences that are consistent with managerialism but inconsistent with the perceived characteristics of traditional civil servants. The result is a department which has changed just as frequently as the health service it oversees – a department which has been moulded by successive ministers into one for the management of the NHS. Our findings raise important questions about the value and purpose of long‐term organizational knowledge in policy formulation.     

外国私立高等教育的发展经验及启示

在世界范围内,美、英、印三国私立高等教育发展独具特色。研究表明：私立高等教育能在整个教育体系中占据重要地位,与相关的政策和有效管理是密切关联的。经验告诉我们：政府只有鼓励和支持、确立适当的教育体制、实行经费资助、依法管理,才能有效推动私立高等教育发展,这对中国发展民办高等教育具有重要的启示作用。