美国外空安全新政策及其国际影响

2012年11月, 美国国防部出台新版《空间政策指令》, 就全面落实美国2010年《国家空间政策》、2011年《国家安全空间战略》进行了具体部署, 反映了美国对全球战略安全环境、空间环境的总体判断, 特别是反映了美国军事航天战略以及美国军方如何有效解决21世纪及未来的空间环境安全、空间防务安全、空间稳定及空间可持续发展等问题的新思路。通过对新版《空间政策指令》进行背景分析和内容解读, 提出了政策应对建议, 研判新形势下奥巴马总统第二任期内空间政策走向。     

‘Gutsy’ Decisions and Passive Processes

Abstract

The Obama administration has positioned itself against the militarized discourse of the Bush-era Global War on Terror (GWOT) by articulating a ‘return to the rule of law’. And yet, the figure of the US decision-maker remains as masculinized and militarily-oriented as ever. I demonstrate this seeming incongruity through an analysis of: first, the decision to render the Christmas Day (would-be) bomber of 2009 to the criminal justice system, a decision for which Obama was labelled ‘weak’ (hence feminine) on terrorism; and second, the killing of Osama bin Laden by the US Navy SEALs special operations team, a decision which reaffirmed Obama's warrior credentials, since it proved that he was the ‘strong’ (hence masculine) commander-in-chief. Both cases demonstrate that the hegemony of the masculine ‘warrior decision-maker’ remains privileged and facilitates the re-emergence of the GWOT ‘war machine’, despite the Obama administration's commitment to change.     

Border crossings and sexual conquest in the age of neoliberalism in the Sonoran Desert

This article examines the liminal space of the desert borderlands as a scene of routinized sexualized and gendered violence against migrant women border crossers. We explore the human consequences of a philosophy of attrition that is the cornerstone of the US immigration system. Using border sexual conquest and the coloniality of power as lenses, we examine how global neoliberalism represents a form of contemporary conquest that normalizes sexual and gendered violence at transnational locations.     

Parental spanking and subsequent risk for child aggression in father-involved families of young children

This study examined separate and combined maternal and paternal use of spanking with children at age 3 and children's subsequent aggressive behavior at age 5. The sample was derived from a birth cohort study and included families (n = 923) in which both parents lived with the child at age 3. In this sample, 44% of 3-year-olds were spanked 2 times or more in the past month by either parent or both parents. In separate analyses, being spanked more than twice in the prior month at age 3, by either mother or father, was associated with increased child aggression at 5 years. In combined analyses, there was a dose–response association; the greatest risk for child aggression was reported when both parents spanked more than twice in the prior month (adjusted odds ratio: 2.01; [confidence interval: 1.03–3.94]). Violence prevention initiatives should target and engage mothers and fathers in anticipatory guidance efforts aimed at increasing the use of effective and non-aggressive child discipline techniques and reducing the use of spanking.     

英日谚语中隐含的深层文化比较

谚语忠实地反映过去的人们如何思考、如何生活,是文化和思想的活化石。通过谚语能够了解一国的文化和国民性质及其发展历史。从英日谚语入手,探讨其隐含的深层文化特征,并从行为模式、国民性质两个方面比较英日谚语反映出的英美文化与日本文化的差异。通过对谚语的分析来认识不同民族的文化差异,不仅有助于了解谚语的文化背景,而且有助于深入把握其文化特征,从而提高跨文化交际能力。     

论欧盟东扩的安全动机

欧盟东扩实际上是西欧或核心欧洲抓住冷战结束的有利时机,在欧洲乃至欧亚大陆谋求最大安全利益的战略举措：对内制约德国,实现周边安全;对外挤压俄罗斯、制衡美国,以实现欧洲大陆的和平与稳定。     

美国占领下的冲绳（1945—1972）

1945年,冲绳岛战役爆发。在这之后,美国开始了在冲绳的战略托管。美国为了维护其在冲绳乃至东亚的统治,在政治、军事、经济、文教等方面采取了相应的措施,但同时也遭到了冲绳当地人民的抵制和反抗。本文主要阐述冲绳岛战役后,美军对冲绳在政治、军事、经济、文教四个方面的战略托管政策及其影响,并对其加以评价。     

美国教师教育专业教育设计标准及其启示

总部设于华盛顿特区的NCATE是美国最具权威的且第一个为美国教育部和美国高等教育认可委员会所认可的教师教育评价认定机构.其基本使命是时教师教育机构的品质提供专业判断,并借着认可标准和实施考察评价工作,鼓励教师教育机构不断改进自身品质.文章主要介绍其最新修订的中的"范畴I专业教育的设计"完整内容,以期对我国教师教育机构的品质建设与评价认定起到积极的启示借鉴作用.     

国际金融体系中“三位一体”式结构剖析

国际金融秩序与国际金融体系关系密切。国际金融秩序的动荡和金融危机频发,其重要原因在于国际金融体系中的“三位一体”式结构。这种结构对国际金融秩序的影响,主要表现在霸权国从别国攫取利益、向世界转嫁危机,从而导致国际金融秩序的动荡和全球性金融危机的爆发。     

美欧国家知识产权刑事立法的最新发展及对我国立法的借鉴意义——以刑罚结构为中心

刑罚结构的改善是刑法发展的标志和核心。近几十年来,美国、欧盟等国家或区域的侵犯知识产权刑事立法发展较快。在这一发展过程中,各国侵犯知识产权刑事立法中刑罚结构演变的共同趋势体现为刑罚措施日趋严厉,刑罚阶梯明显增加,罚金刑的运用日益突出,对被害人的补偿日益重要,刑罚措施与行政处罚以及民事赔偿之间的互动与协调趋于完善。