农民工就业服务体系建设研究——基于城市社区为平台的视角

大量农民工在城市务工,由于他们未能均等享有就业服务等城市公共服务,而呈现"半城市化"的状况,要解决农民工市民化问题首先得解决农民工在城市的就业问题,就业服务对于解决农民工就业问题具有重要作用,因此,以大部分农民工生活和工作所在的城市社区为平台构建农民工就业服务体系具有重要的现实意义。构建以城市社区为平台的农民工就业服务体系,需要完善配套法律法规政策,厘清政府、非营利组织、农民工等与城市社区间的关系,建立健全社区就业服务机构体系、建设网络信息服务体系、完善就业培训体系、畅通非营利组织参与渠道。     

Talks on tracks - debating urban infrastructure projects ∗

This paper retraces and analyzes the debate around a major infrastructure project in central Stockholm, the construction of a third railroad track over the islet of Riddarholm. Using the analytical framework of the New Rhetoric (Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca, 1958), it shows that the debate is not only a matter of diverging views about the necessity or the impact of the project but, as well, a matter of epistemology. Whereas both sides tend to refer to similar values and make use of matching rhetorical devices, they differ quite radically as to which knowledge they regard as valid and as to how they have organized their approach to the debate. Demonstration faces argumentation, the New Rhetoric suggests, as its contribution to our understanding of the genesis of urban projects.     

Understanding African American Youth HIV Knowledge

Summary

This article presents the results of a study examining correlates of urban African American youth HIV knowledge. The influence of family level factors (e.g., family communication, parental AIDS knowledge and myths regarding HIV transmission, along with family composition and family income) are examined. In addition, the current study explores the influence of racial socialization processes, specifically the influence of religious/spiritual coping, extended family caring, cultural pride reinforcement and racial awareness teaching (Stevenson, 1994; 1995; 1997) on youth HIV knowledge. Multivariate analyses revealed a significant association between youth HIV knowledge and being reared in a single parent home. Further, in every model, controlling for all types of racial socialization processes, family communication was significantly associated with youth HIV knowledge. Implications are drawn regarding the development of culturally and contextually specific HIV prevention programming for African American youth and their families.     

城市社区居民自治机制探索——以上海外滩社区(街道)建设为例

当前,城市基层社会管理体制从"单位制"向"社区制"发生变化,社会成员逐渐从"单位人"转向"社区人",基层社会的民主意识不断增强,基层群众的利益需求不断增多。上海外滩社区(街道)居民自治的发展思路是:完善基层自治的功能,找准居民自治的切入点;拓展基层自治的空间,推进居民自治的生长点;加强基层民主的建设,促进居民自治的增长点;适应基层社会的变迁,聚焦居民自治的关注点。     

上海城镇居民消费需求调查报告

上海城镇居民家庭消费支出水平显著提升,但支出水平差异较大,支出结构有所微调。实际收入水平、投资意愿、消费观念、保障性支出预期等因素制约居民消费支出的进一步扩大。未来网络消费、汽车消费、教育文化娱乐消费等形式将成为消费趋势或热点。当前应进一步改善居民收入、完善保障制度、实施扶持政策等,以促进和提高居民消费水平。     

上海村级集体经济发展现状问题和对策研究

发展壮大农村集体经济,是统筹城乡发展、实现农民共同富裕的重要基础。当前,上海村级集体经济发展不平衡,区域发展规划限制较多,村级经济缺乏发展空间,专业人才相对短缺,村级组织职能发挥不够。改变目前村级集体经济发展的问题与瓶颈,必须创新发展体制机制,强化监督管理制度,发展现代都市农业。     

印象画派与都市文化

本文就印象画派再度成为时尚艺术的现象,论述了印象画派的平民路线、生活气息、艺术成就与当代中国城市文化之间的关系。     

Effects of dog leash laws and habitat type on avian and small mammal communities in urban parks

Remnant natural areas within urban settings can act as important refuges for wildlife, substantially increasing local biodiversity. However, habitat suitability for these species is potentially affected by human recreational activities including the presence of free-running dogs. To compare the diversity and abundance of songbird and small mammal communities between areas with bylaws that require, or do not require, dogs to be leashed, point counts and live-trapping surveys were conducted in three habitat types (deciduous, coniferous, and meadow) in the river valley parks of Edmonton, Alberta. Among birds, there was no difference between areas with different leashing bylaws in species diversity for any of the three habitat types. Similarly, there was no difference in bird diversity for a subset of species that were plausibly breeding at these sites. However, higher bird diversity was recorded in deciduous and coniferous sites than in meadow sites, regardless of leash designation, probably as a function of the horticultural practice of mowing meadows. Among both birds and small mammals, there was no difference in the abundance of individuals as a function of leashing bylaws. Our results suggest that off-leash dogs have no effect on the diversity or abundance of birds and small mammals in urban parks, but it is also possible that other factors, such as leash law compliance, reduced or obscured the effects of off-leash dogs in this study.     

城市形态的维度:空间和时间

本文从城市形态构成的基本要素谈起,从空间维度和时间维度两个方面探讨了城市形态的构成特征。论述了作为现实存在的城市形态和作为历史存在的城市形态的内在关联性和历史延续性。     

Access to Mental Health Services: The Struggle of Poverty Affected Urban Children of Color

It is estimated that, in the United States, one in ten children and adolescents suffer from illness severe enough to cause some level of psychosocial dysfunction. Urban children, and in particular low-income children of color, are at greater risk of developing mental health problems, and are less likely to receive effective child mental health services. Prompt and effective access to mental health services by urban children of color is a critical direct practice and social policy concern. This article provides an overview of significant barriers to mental health care experienced by poverty affected urban children of color and their families. It also addresses a broad range of practice and policy issues that need to be raised in order to ensure competent delivery of mental health services for children living in urban environments. The role of social work in assisting poor urban children of color to access and benefit from mental health services is stressed. Manny John González, D.S.W., is an Assistant Professor of Social Work at Fordham University Graduate School of Social Service.