“Outside and Inside, Male and Female” Reconsidered

This paper reconsiders Judith Kestenberg's classic work Outside and Inside, Male and Female in the light of subsequent work on gender identity and psycho-sexual development. Kestenberg argued that the fear of internal genital sensations was common to both men and women and an obstacle to sexual development. An understanding of the fears and phantasies men and women have about their bodies which they project onto each other is an important aspect of therapeutic work, which the author believes does not receive adequate attention. Through two case examples she shows where Kestenberg's theory is still valid and where it needs to be revised. While Kestenberg could assume a normative heterosexuality, the author suggests we must now reexamine our theories in the light of challenges presented by homosexuality, bisexuality and transexuality.     

我国企业对外投资经营的现状与对策

我国企业对外投资经营取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题。为进一步提高对外投资的效益,必须主动适应经济全球化趋势,在投资主体、投资结构、投资方式、技术创新、本土化经营、政府支持与监管等方面,予以加强、规范和完善。     

简论人体语言的特性

人体语言是人体动作、表情等所产生的副语言信息,这种信息比有声语言丰富得多、深刻得多.人体语言就一般特性而言,它具有模糊性、包容性、真实性、双向性等特征.这种特征,揭示了人体语言的一个侧面,也是对人体语言的一种认知.     

论公司行为能力的实现

公司是具有法人资格的企业组织,因此具有相应的权利能力和行为能力。由于公司是一个无生命的组织体,因此,其权利能力和行为能力与自然人存在明显的不同。单就行为能力而言,公司行为能力与自然人的行为能力的最大区别是:公司的行为能力与公司的权利能力同时产生和同时消灭,公司的行为能力范围与公司权利能力的范围完全一致。公司行为能力的运用与自然人相比最大的特点是:公司的行为能力要通过其代表机关实现,其代表机关以公司的名义对外进行的行为,被认为是公司本身的行为。由于公司的代表机关也是由自然人组成的无生命的机构,因此,公司行为能力的直接实施者,也即最终对外代表公司的是公司的代表人,而公司的意思通过书面文件上的法定代表人签章和公司的印章来推定。     

从《容美纪游》看清初鹤峰土家文化

《容美纪游》是我们深入了解湖北土家文化的重要地方文献,它以实录的方式生动记载了清代初期鹤峰土家族的政治制度、意识形态及民俗风情,反映了清初鹤峰土司统治下“以我为主,兼收并蓄”、一体多元的地方文化特色。     

制度变革与人的发展--以改革开放以来中国的制度变革为例

制度通过其运行机制和对国家权力与个人权利的规定作用于人,具有规范与约束、进步与保守双重矛盾特性,正确处理和把握制度对人的发展的巨大作用,对人类发展和社会进步具有重要价值.从政治哲学的观点看,改革开放的历史实质上是一部中国社会制度和体制不断变迁,逐步实现人的解放和人的发展的历史.市场经济体制的确立、民主政治的推进、以按劳分配为主的多种分配方式的运行及教育和科技体制的改革等,都极大地调动社会主体的积极性和主动性,有效地促进了人的发展和社会的全面进步.同时,改革过程中出现的深层矛盾又大多集中在制度上,党和政府必须树立以人为本的制度变革理念,加快推进各项制度的改革.     

裁判执行权的再思考--从权力的个性考察

"执行难"是司法权威受到损害的一个主要因素,解决"执行难"也是当前司法改革的目标之一.而对执行权性质的正确认识是建立合理执行体制的前提和基础.以国家权力的分工与制约理论为基础,从行政权和司法权性质上固有的差别来看,执行权本质上是一种行政权,并不具有任何司法权的特性.由法院行使执行权不仅不会更好地解决"执行难"问题,反而会加剧法院的"行政化"色彩.针对这种状况,合理的解决方法是将执行权从法院剥离出来,交由行政机关行使.     

Internalizing the public cost of obesity in Spain: Distributional effects on nutrient intake

Studies dealing with obesity have confronted it either from the fiscal policy or from economic cost perspective. There is the need to target fiscal policy goals at the economic cost that obesity imposes on society instead of simulating arbitrary taxes schemes. This paper analyzes the effectiveness of imposing a revenue-neutral fat tax in Spain addressed to internalize the public health expenditure associated to obesity. Results suggest that this tax policy led to an improvement in the diet quality, and decreased the consumption of saturated fatty acid, sodium, and cholesterol. From the welfare perspective, the tax is regressive across all household segments.     

The Color of Neoliberalism: The “Modern Southern Businessman” and Postwar Alabama’s Challenge to Racial Desegregation1

Prior research on the origins and diffusion of the neoliberal project have emphasized the role of elite economists, yet no explanations have been provided as to why neoliberal reforms were attractive to the broader U.S. population. To fill this gap in the literature, this article focuses on the voluntary sector struggles against desegregation and corporate taxation in postwar Alabama. I examine the emergence of a language of privatization that degraded all things public as “black” and inferior and all things private as “white” and superior, which provided the pretext to attract national white support for the neoliberal turn. Empirically, the article focuses on the construction of the modern southern businessman that emerged from struggles to economically modernize the South, and the construction of a publicly financed private school system that emerged from the struggles to fight school desegregation. These two struggles fused under the George Wallace political umbrella, whose regional and national political career diffused the racial language from its origins in 1950s Alabama to the national level in the 1960s and early 1970s.     

Re-covered: Wangechi Mutu,Kenyatta A.C. Hinkle,and the postcolonial potentiality of black women in colonial(ist) photographs

By pasting on, cutting into and drawing over images of bodies, artists Wangechi Mutu and Kenyatta A.C. Hinkle re-cover colonialist photographs to recover postcolonial black female subjectivities. In her project, The Uninvited, ongoing since 2009, Hinkle has literally and conceptually drawn upon colonial-era postcards that feature photographs of nude West African girls and women, while Mutu has strategically combined images of black African and black American women from ethnographic and pornographic magazines to create her Ark Collection (2006). In the artists’ hands, the black female body is no longer shot, captured, framed or otherwise subjected to the camera. The narrative force and assumed veracity of photography is denied by ambiguous re-presentations of the multifaceted, processual nature of both art and the self. Moreover, rather than merely suggest the subjugation and fragmentation of black women, the works represent the postcolonial potentiality of transformation and agency.