Acute Stress Disorder Symptoms Among Female Sexual Abuse Survivors Seeking Treatment

ABSTRACT

This exploratory study examined relationships between acute stress disorder (ASD) symptoms and sexual abuse history, distress, and social support among sexual abuse survivors seeking treatment. Participants were 32 women recruited for a pilot study of group treatment for sexual abuse survivors who completed self-report and interview measures. Many participants (37.5%) met criteria for all ASD symptoms. Also, ASD symptoms were significantly related to seeing the self as the causal locus of the abuse, forgetting the abuse for a period of time, and the number of abusers, the distress of a recent life event, other forms of distress, and poor social support, Acute stress disorder may occur among many sexual abuse survivors seeking treatment, requiring special intervention to help these patients to manage their reactions to ongoing stresses.     

职业英语“参与式教学”探讨

“参与式教学”是激发学生自主学习的法宝,它打破了单一的填鸭式教学,是教学方法的新突破。采用“参与式教学”可以调动学生的积极性,发挥学生的学习能动性,让学生学会学习,成为学习的主人。     

Labia Minora Elongation and its Implications on the Health of Women: A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT

Objectives: Labia minora elongation (LME) is a female genital modification practice categorized among the types included in the fourth group of female genital mutilation. In this article, we display the results of a systematic review of the evidence-based knowledge published on the health risks and benefits of LME as informed by African female respondents who are insiders of the practice. No other systematic review on this specific topic has been published before. Methods: A methodological bibliographic search was done in scientific databases by manual referencing and by contacting experts on this area of knowledge. Seventeen articles were eligible for this review, which corresponded to nine different studies. Eight of these studies were conducted in Eastern and Southern African countries and one was carried out in Italy. Results: This review concludes that pain at the beginning of the practice, nuisances related to the use of caustic herbs, and stigmatization in failing to comply with the practice are the principal health risks associated with LME. At the same time, there is evidence that labial elongation may benefit the sexual health and well-being of women. Conclusions: More research of a quantitative nature is necessary to determine the prevalence of LME across the practicing cultures and to determine its implications on the sexual and reproductive health of women who engage in this female genital modification.     

Relationship Between Body Image and Body Mass Index in College Men

Objective and Participants: The authors examined cognitive and affective dimensions of body image of a randomized sample of 188 college men on the basis of body mass index (BMI). Methods: They conducted chi-square tests and ANOVAs to determine differences between 4 BMI groups (underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese) on demographics and body image measures. Results: The authors found significant differences in regard to total body image (p < .001), weight or shape concern (p < .001), and body dissatisfaction (p < .001). BMI was significantly correlated with negative body image. Overweight and obese participants reported significantly higher levels of negative body image than did normal- and underweight participants. Overweight participants reported significantly higher weight and shape concerns than did underweight, normal-weight, and obese participants. In regard to body dissatisfaction, underweight, overweight, and obese participants reported significantly higher levels of body dissatisfaction than that reported by normal-weight participants. Conclusions: BMI may be an important factor in identifying potential body image disorders in college-aged men.     

Disability,embodiment and ableism: stories of resistance

Non-disabled responses to visible impairment embody either social invisibility or over-attentiveness. The subjective and inter-subjective experiences of impaired bodies and intersubjective encounters within society are important aspects of disablement and the construction of a disabled identity. Impairment is read by and influences the social structure of ableism. This paper attempts to understand how ableist discourses about impaired bodies have impacted on and been resisted by disabled people and how embodiment is related to identity. In pursuit of these aims, a qualitative study was conducted with seven people who have visible physical impairments. The results indicate that disabled embodiment is produced and experienced within an ableist context that mobilizes the charitable gaze and the medical model to signify impaired bodies at the expense of the recognition of disabled identity. In order to deconstruct ableism and to recognize and respect the value of the disabled identity, a politics of recognition is required.     

消费主义:一种新的身体规训

消费主义是当代一种重要的社会思想。它的兴起与发展,是多种因素综合作用的结果。在理论上,对消费主义所持的态度可以分为自由主义和批判主义两种。在当今社会,消费主义已成为一种新的身体规训形式。它的规训策略是建构理想的身体形象,大众传媒的宣传与鼓动,身体改造技术的标准化与普遍化运用,并对消费主义氛围中身体境遇进行了反思。     

Resistance and acceptance: Ambivalent attitudes toward the aging body and antiaging practices among older Korean migrants living in New Zealand

ABSTRACT

Using intersectionality as a conceptual framework, this study investigated how older Korean women living in New Zealand perceived their aging bodies, antiaging practices and/or products, and how they used such products. Thematic analysis identified three themes: tension between acceptance of the aging body as an inevitable process and transformation of the aging body into a healthy body, juggling between abstinence and use of antiaging products and practices, and redefining natural aging. The findings challenge binary interpretations between “acceptance” of and “resistance” to the experiences of the aging process and the use of antiaging practices.     

Emergent Objects,Developing Practices: Human‐Nonhuman Interactions in a Reiki Training

Over the last three decades, sociologists have expanded the scope of sociological analysis to include nonhuman objects. We build on these works to address the role of nonhuman, nonphysical objects in social interaction. Through participant observation at a Reiki training course, we examine how students learned to identify, experience, and meaningfully interact with Reiki energy, a nonhuman, nonphysical object. We show how Reiki energy emerged as a significant interactant through the following processes: participants in the class historicized Reiki; they defined the capacities and consequences of Reiki; and they learned to detect Reiki energy's apparent presence in their bodies. We then show how Reiki energy resisted the initial definitions and expectations of it, leading participants to redefine the energy's qualities and develop new practices to accommodate its emerging capacities. These findings support theoretical claims about humans' ability to “do mind” for nonhuman objects and the temporally emergent qualities of material agency.     

Doing Fake Masculinity,Being Real Men: Present and Future Constructions of Self among Black College Men

Through a qualitative analysis of twenty‐nine black college men at a large research university, this project explores how black masculinity is physically, behaviorally, and materially constructed from idealized images resulting in a contextually adaptive sense of self. The findings suggest that black masculinity, specifically the thug image, is symbolically affirmed or denied through a particular type of raced, gendered, classed, and sexualized discourse within black public social spaces. Moreover, these data show that maintaining this construction of black masculinity promotes bodily self‐doubt or insecurity and inauthentic intra‐ and interracial interactions. In contrast, black manhood is thought to involve more genuine interactions, regardless of the social location. Unlike doing masculinity, the idealized notion of being men allows young black men to project a future construction of self that seemingly resolves their feelings of inauthenticity or bodily insecurity.