论对社区矫正对象的权利保障及其立法贯彻

社区矫正对象与监狱服刑人员一样,属于“犯罪(受刑)人”群体。当前的社区矫正试点工作,必须突出对矫正对象权利的保障。鉴于社区矫正立法的阙如,在中国未来的社区矫正法中,应明确肯认宪法的“国家尊重和保障人权”原则,并在规定社区矫正实施机构的管理职权和社区矫正对象的义务与权利等方面,要创设人道、科学、系统化的制度来保障社区矫正对象的法定权利。这既是落实宪法和有关国际人权规约的立法要求,也是革新社区矫正制度的根本价值所系。     

对新时期大学生社会实践活动的思考

大学生社会实践活动到现在已经开展二十一年了,期间取得了辉煌的战果,引起了社会强烈的反响,同时也积累了许多问题。现在应该到了理性思考、解决问题,使社会实践整体推进的时候了。社会实践不是可有可无,而是要加强建设。     

女性非正规就业:现状与对策

阐述了女性在正规就业领域更易受排斥,公有和非公有企业存在雇用上的性别偏好等因素是导致女性劳动非正规化的成因,分析了这一就业趋向对女性经济参与方式和职业发展形成的影响,指出政府应加大对非正规就业的支持力度,改善非正规就业者的福利与完善保障政策,同时提出了建立反对歧视和排斥的平等就业法,对劳动力市场上的弱势群体进行必要的社会保护,为非正规就业人员提供必要的公共培训等有益的建议。     

论我国城市社区的生态文化建设

城市社区生态文化建设是一个全新的事物,它是社会主义精神文明建设和社会主义先进文化建设的重要内容。然而,目前我国城市社区的生态文化建设存在着许多问题,跟不上时代发展的步伐。因此,探讨解决我国城市社区生态文化建设的有效途径,对于促进我国社会主义和谐社会和城市社区的可持续发展,都具有重要的时代价值和理论意义。     

论“国际社会”的意识形态性——兼论我国国际话语权的提升

作为国际政治领域的重要概念,“国际社会”具有两面性。从表面上看,“国际社会”是国际行为体之间开展合作的场域,应建构和维护国际秩序的公平正义,因而在国际交往中不应以意识形态为标准和以意识形态划线;从本质上看,“国际社会”是国际行为体开展国家利益和意识形态博弈的重要场域,具有强烈的意识形态性。“国际社会”意识形态性的关键是国际话语权,其实质是国家(或国际社会成员)的国际利益。从意识形态的角度考察“国际社会”,有利于看清“国际社会”的本质,这对于深入理解国际热点问题和国际舆论的实质,特别是对于我国国际话语权的建设与提升,具有重要意义。     

Reinvigorating the social contract and strengthening social cohesion: Social protection responses to COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the vulnerability of those who are inadequately covered by social protection in more and less developed countries alike, and has exacerbated the fragility of a social contract that was already under strain in many countries. A weak social contract in the context of an exceptional crisis poses a very real risk to social cohesion. Nevertheless, many States have reasserted themselves as the guarantor of rights by protecting public health and incomes. By sustaining these measures, economic recovery will be supported which will help minimize risks that may weaken social cohesion. However, this is a fast-moving, inherently unstable and protracted crisis. Social protection stands at a critical juncture. Decisive policy action will be required to strengthen social protection systems, including floors, as one of the cornerstones of a reinvigorated social contract.     

Racial/Ethnic Minority Community College Students' Critical Consciousness and Social Cognitive Career Outcomes

A need exists to better understand how racial/ethnic minority students' critical consciousness development in response to marginalization may be involved in their educational and career development. We therefore examined the link between critical consciousness development and career decision self-efficacy and career outcome expectations among racial/ethnic minority community college students. Following social cognitive career theory's conceptual pillars, we developed a testable model integrating critical consciousness and social cognitive variables. This model was tested with 135 racially and ethnically diverse community college students. Data analysis included path analyses and tests of model fit using structural equation modeling. Results suggested that (a) higher critical agency is linked to higher career decision self-efficacy and outcome expectations and (b) critical action and reflection have a bidirectional link and predict higher critical agency. Implications for research and practice aiming to close educational and career gaps among racial/ethnic minorities are discussed.     

“I Really Belong Here”: Civic Capacity-Building among Returning Citizens

This article focuses on unlikely movement actors whose civic engagement has been understudied: people with criminal records (“returning citizens”). We present findings from 18 months of ethnographic research with members (leaders) of Fighting to Overcome Records and Create Equality (FORCE), a civic group led by returning citizens. FORCE leaders received institutional support from Community Renewal Society (CRS), a larger faith and community-based organization, to lead a rights reform movement in Chicago. Findings suggest that FORCE leaders constructed notions of kinship, recognition, and power through civic capacity-building efforts—and that social belonging was core to such capacity-building efforts. While bonding social belonging occurred as FORCE leaders formed kinship with people facing similar social and economic marginality, bridging social belonging emerged as leaders felt recognized by CRS staff organizers, affiliates, and elected officials. Bonding and bridging social belonging enabled FORCE leaders, who faced constant social exclusion in society, to experience much needed kinship, recognition, and power. Future studies should continue to uncover how local capacity-building processes have life-changing relational effects on movement participants from socially and economically marginalized groups.     

顺天时报的崛起——1916～1917北京舆论状况

从世界舆论发展的潮流着眼,以《顺天时报》为个案,可以窥见外资媒体如何在舆论理念、新闻手段和版面设计等方面影响中国舆论发展的进程,同时它们还构成了新文化之所以能够在五四运动前后获得广泛传播的重要条件。     

Does community social embeddedness promote generalized trust? An experimental test of the spillover effect

Despite the theoretical relevance attributed to the spillover effect, little empirical research has focused on testing its causal validity. Addressing this gap in the literature, I propose a novel experimental design to test if the overall density of social links in a community promotes trustworthy and trusting behaviors with absolute strangers. Controlling for social integration (i.e. the individual number of social connections), I found that density fosters higher levels of trust. In particular, results show that people in denser communities are more likely to trust their unknown fellow citizens, encouraging isolated subjects to engage with strangers. However, evidence did not support the idea that community social embeddedness causes an increase of trustworthiness, indicating that the spillover effect works only with respect to trust.