THE PARTICIPATION DIVIDE: Content creation and sharing in the digital age

This paper looks at the prevalence of creative activity and sharing in an age when the barriers to disseminating material have been considerably lowered compared with earlier times. The authors use unique data to explore the extent to which young adults create video, music, writing and artistic photography, as well as the prevalence of sharing such material online. Findings suggest that despite new opportunities to engage in such distribution of content, relatively few people are taking advantage of these recent developments. Moreover, neither creation nor sharing is randomly distributed among a diverse group of young adults. Consistent with existing literature, creative activity is related to a person's socioeconomic status as measured by parental schooling. The novel act of sharing online, however, is considerably different by gender with men much more likely to engage in it. However, once internet user skill is controlled for, men and women are equally likely to post their materials on the Web.     

深化实践教学改革培养创新型工程技术人才

实践教学是培养工科学生实践能力和创新能力的重要教学形式.目前的实践教学环节中,仍存在着教学方法单一、内容陈旧、投入偏低、实习基地开辟困难、师资缺乏等问题.只有继续深化实践教学改革、优化实践教学体系、加大实践教学的投入、加强实践教学师资队伍建设,才能培养高素质、高能力的工程人才,满足当今社会发展的需要.     

市场导向对组织创造力的非线性作用机理——组织二元结构文化与创业导向的影响研究

在我国加快实施创新驱动发展战略中,如何提升企业组织创造力以促使企业创新变得至关重要。企业战略是影响组织创造力和创新的重要情境因素。市场导向和创业导向是新兴经济体国家的企业发展的战略核心。然而,现有研究对市场导向与企业创造性产出之间关系的观点却不一致。创业导向如何影响市场导向对组织创造力的作用也尚未得到关注和研究。本研究以145家企业的979份高层管理人员与核心员工的套问卷数据为样本,研究发现：市场导向对组织创造力产生倒U型影响,且倒U型影响通过二元结构文化（一致性文化与适应性文化）的不同传导机制而产生,即：一致性文化在市场导向与组织创造力之间正向中介效应随市场导向的增强而减弱,并在高度市场导向时转变为负向中介效应,而适应性文化在市场导向和组织创造力之间发挥部分中介效应。研究还发现：市场导向对组织创造力的倒U型影响受创业导向的调节作用,即：当创业导向较高时,市场导向对组织创造力的积极影响随市场导向的增强而逐渐增强,反之,则逐渐减弱。研究结论为提升企业组织创造力提供新的思路和理论参考。     

中药组合物发明的创造性问题研究

针对中药组合物发明的创造性判断问题以及中药组合物发明的创造性与中药药理之间的关系问题展开研究。如果中药组合物发明是中医药领域的技术人员在现有的中药处方的基础上,仅仅根据已知的中药药理进行合乎逻辑的分析、推理或者有限的试验就可以得到,且没有产生预料不到的技术效果,则该中药组合物发明不具备创造性;如果中药组合物的原料组成或者技术效果是不容易想到的,则该中药组合物发明具备创造性。在中药组合物发明的创造性与中药药理的关系问题上,具备创造性的发明必然符合中药药理,但符合中药药理的发明不一定具备创造性,而人们对中药药理的认识也是不断拓展和深化的。     

高质量联结与员工工作创造力的关系探究

我国关于工作创造力的研究较多,但针对人际情境以及社会网络对工作创造力影响的研究的重点主要集中在领导、同事等的作用探讨方面,而从积极工作关系视角探讨其对个体创造力的影响匮乏。高质量联结具有关系张力、高情感承载力与联结力的特征,可以使交往联结双方体验到活力、相互交融与积极关照。通过梳理和分析224份员工调查问卷,结果显示：高质量联结对员工工作创造力、工作意义均有显著的正向影响;在高质量联结对员工工作创造力的影响中,工作意义具有显著的中介效应;在高质量联结对工作意义的影响中,亲社会动机具有显著的调节效应。在管理实践中,管理者应该建立和强化组织中的高质量联结,不断提升员工的工作意义,努力激发员工的亲社会动机。     

幼儿创意绘画教学的常见问题与实施要领

创意绘画是当前比较新颖和盛行的幼儿绘画形式，主要有手指画、画架画、创意涂鸦、喷墨画、粘贴画、三维立体创作等等。创意绘画在开发幼儿动手动脑能力、审美情趣，提高创造力等方面发挥着重要的作用。当前的幼儿创意绘画教学普遍存在着偏向结果且忽视幼儿主体体验、模式固化、成人介入过多等问题。因而，需要教育工作者以及家长正视幼儿创意绘画教学中存在的上述常见问题，正确认识幼儿创意绘画的价值，正确理解幼儿创意绘画的意义，鼓励幼儿在已有简单生活经验的基础之上大胆创作和表达，减少成人的介入与干扰。     

Can art-based reflection help us cope with organisational change in the public sector?

Never before have public sector jobs been so threatened. Fear and anxiety have shifted their focus, from performance to survival. With reference to immediately contemporary works on the NHS in particular, such as Mandelstam (2011) and Leys and Player (2011), the paper establishes the factual validity of the crisis.

The authors conducted a series of workshops for public sector staff to enable them to explore their reactions to the current situation.

It is possible to identify increasing levels of denial and other forms of resistance to change similar to those first identified by Menzies' (1959). Drawing on the work of Bion (cited Obholzer & Roberts, 1994) the paper considers the dangers of a retreat to the paranoid schizoid position, and identifies a theoretical clue in Halton (2004) for turning the trauma of change into a creative opportunity.

Art has access to emotional, spiritual and creative facets of the human mind that science cannot explore. Klein's (1975) consideration of the infantile and regressive aspect of art is acknowledged. The paper then considers what is revealed by a study of specific works of art which were presented in the workshops; including paintings by Bosch, Rousseau, Breughel and Goya. The work of Zagier-Roberts (1998) and Winnicott (1971) is called upon to endorse the usefulness of such a playful collage of responses.

Art can be used to help people move through Kubler Ross' stages of bereavement (1997); not to acceptance but out of the paranoid schizoid position into the depressive position (Klein 1975). Revisiting the work of Halton (2004) and the concept of evolutionary creativity, a move on from the depressive position can begin. Collective validation can be affirmed through a rebooting of the essential public sector values while a radical turning away from organisational priorities, to face the service user, provides a more far reaching optimism than any envisaged by an essentially limited demand for modernisation.

In conclusion the paper considers the recent contributions of Dienst (2011) and Dumenil and Levy (2011) to advocate tactical resistance to the denigration of the public sphere.     

Cultivating employee creativity through strategic internal communication: The role of leadership,symmetry, and feedback seeking behaviors

Using a survey of 405 full-time employees, this study examined how organizations’ internal communication influenced by leadership communication at the supervisory- and senior-levels impacts employee creativity and how employees’ feedback-seeking behaviors mediate these relationships. The results suggest that leadership communication at the supervisory and senior levels positively influence symmetrical internal communication system. The analysis also shows that symmetrical internal communication and leadership communication cause employees to seek more feedback from different interpersonal sources including supervisors, coworkers, and peers in other departments, which in turn enhances creativity. This paper concludes with a discussion of the theoretical and practical implications of these findings for public relations and internal communication.     

Organizational closedown and the process of deconstruction and creativity

This paper outlines an analysis of how the deconstruction of organizational, management control and performance management structures affects performances and how workers make sense of enhanced efforts and practices of creativity, in a situation when facing a certainty of job loss as of the closedown of the organization. In this paper, we have shown that the deconstruction of structures generate positive performance outcomes, and that such relation is being mediated by workers identity. We have also shown that identity work under a process of organizational closedown generate certain creativity. By doing so, this paper contributes to the literature on creativity and deconstruction by developing an emergent model where workers identity mediates formal structures in relation to performance. This paper contributes to the literature on closedowns by extending its analytical and theoretical domains, proving alternative, yet complementary and mediating explanations to the causes of drivers to enhanced performances during the process of closedown.     

北京建设创新型城市必须突出特色

在北京这个有着特殊的历史传统、特殊的现实环境、特殊的城市定位的城市中进行创新型城市的建设,固然需要体现建设创新型城市的共性,更为重要的是必须突出北京的特色。由于特有的地位和条件,北京应该在原始创新、集成创新和消化、吸收基础上的再创新三者并举的前提下,把力量部署在优先发展原始创新和重点发展集成创新上;突出“以人为本”的原则,围绕“宜居城市”进行创新型城市建设;以发展现代都市农业为切入点,带动整个三农问题的解决,进而突破实现创新型城市的重点和难点;培育和弘扬与北京特殊城市定位相一致的“北京精神”,建设和发展与北京特殊城市定位相一致的“北京文化创意产业”,培养和确立北京市民的创新意识,围绕“北京人文”实现和体现创新。