Johnson's Differentiation Theory: Is It Really Empirically Supported?

Michael Johnson's differentiation of “types” of domestic violence has had a significant impact on courts and providers, in part because of its claim to an empirical basis. Unfortunately, the label “situational couple violence” has already been used by judges and evaluators to minimize abuse claims in custody cases. Johnson's repeated assertion that SCV is the most common form of domestic violence reinforces the marginalizing of domestic violence. But what do his data actually show? Here Professor Meier takes a close look at the research Johnson relies on and finds that it fails to prove his thesis. Rather, the data suggest that Johnson has it exactly backward: Control-based abuse is probably far more common than “situational” domestic violence.     

“家庭暴力”之法律概念解析

我国2001年修订的《婚姻法》虽然明确规定"禁止家庭暴力",但并未给予定义;随后《最高人民法院关于适用〈婚姻法〉若干问题解释(一)》虽对"家庭暴力"给予定义,但与国际公约等法律文件相比存在许多不足。这不仅大大削弱了反家庭暴力的力度,而且也不利于保护受害者的权利。由此可见,只有对家庭暴力的主体、客体、方式、程度和行为环境的范围进行深入分析,才能准确界定和在法律上表述家庭暴力的概念,从而为我国反家庭暴力立法提供参考。     

古代家训中的家庭德育思想初探

家训是古代的一种家庭伦理教科书 ,其中包含着非常丰富的家庭道德教育思想。古代家训中以德为“本”、以德为“富”、以德为“要”的家庭德育定位 ,以及倡导早期德育 ,强调道德化育的家庭德育思想 ,对于当前的独生子女家庭德育具有积极意义。     

扩大内需之管见

扩大内需是推动我国经济发展的战略方针。目前存在的消费需求不足问题,其原因涉及购买力水平、消费观念、社会保障制度等方面。只有采取积极的财政政策,增加居民收入,发展教育产业,调整消费政策,加快小城镇建设等相关措施,同时注意把扩大内需与调整经济结构、东部发展、西部开发、对外开放等结合起来,才能实现经济的健康、稳定的发展。     

联合国制裁措施国内执行的法律框架及实践困境

联合国制裁机制成功的核心,在于各个国家的普遍遵从,但在我国目前的国内法律体系上,执行联合国制裁却存在着相当的空白。而在我国的实践中,也往往通过外交部通知函和行政文件的形式笼统宣示对联合国制裁的执行,事实上并不利于对联合国制裁措施的良好执行。从利于我国法律体系的完善、提升我国负责任大国的形象角度出发,应当在统一框架性授权立法的基础之上,建立我国的联合国制裁措施国内执行体系。     

Broadening constructions of family violence: mothers' perspectives of aggression from their children

This qualitative study used feminist insights to explore experiential aspects of the phenomenon of child‐to‐mother violence from the perspectives of six women survivors. Participants took part in conversational style audiotaped interviews lasting between two and four hours. Feminist analysis revealed that fear and violence had become a feature of mothering for these women. Three themes were identified: It was only a matter of time: feeling intimidated and under threat; He just punched me: physical violence from child to mother; and Other men in the house: violence directed to the mothers by friends and associates of their children. Currently the literature overwhelmingly constructs family violence as elder abuse, spousal/partner violence, or child abuse, and generally fails to acknowledge, or address, violence from children to parents. However, findings from this study suggest that the discourse about family violence needs to be broadened to include child‐to‐mother violence. Implications of this study for practice and research are discussed.     

从脑科学研究的角度看婚姻暴力的成因

婚姻暴力的产生不仅受到社会政治、经济、文化的影响,还与施暴者的大脑结构有关。如果大脑的功能出现障碍,会加大使用暴力的可能性。国外脑科学家认为通过对有暴力行为的患者进行脑部检查,并施以药物治疗,改善大脑功能,就能有效中止暴力行为。     

The Nature and Effects of Violence against Child-Protection Social Workers: Providing Effective Support

This article examines the experiences and views of child-protectionsocial workers and managers in relation to the management ofviolence against child-protection social workers in a largecounty council’s Social Services Department. These findingsdemonstrate the importance of the role of managers and agencysupport systems in dealing with such matters. Questions areraised concerning the effects of interventions by child-protectionprofessionals with resistant and threatening parent service-users,and challenges some of the assumptions underlying the currentparadigm in child-protection work which demands an uncriticalview that working in partnership with parents is always in theinterests of children, and is always possible. The findingssuggest that in certain types of situations, workers’effectiveness can be compromised when carrying out their rolesin both supporting families and protecting children. They alsoillustrate the types of agency responses which professionalsand managers find helpful and unhelpful in response to parentalthreats and aggression. In particular, the importance of supervisionand support from managers is addressed, as are the implicationsof the findings for practice and agency support strategies forworkers. The relevance of the findings are also set out withinthe context of the requirements placed upon individual practitionersand agencies which employ social workers by the General SocialCare Council Codes of Conduct and Practice for Social Care Workersand their Employers.     

Domestic Violence and Substance Use: Tackling Complexity

Domestic violence and substance use are issues which pervadesocial work practice, yet are often on the margins of the knowledgebase for practitioners and their managers. This article providesan overview of the literature on substance use and domesticviolence, highlighting the problems with the separation of bothpractice and policy in these areas. Research on substance useand the needs of women survivors of domestic violence are explored,alongside the more substantial literature on perpetrators ofdomestic violence and patterns of substance use. The problemsof a simplistic analysis which suggest that there is a causallink between substance use and domestic violence are highlighted.Using data from an on-going research project, the sources ofthe continuing and dysfunctional separation of work in theseareas are explored.     

新视域下的家庭暴力及其成因探索

迈入新世纪,家庭暴力的内涵和特征也发生了相应的变化。从广义上讲,家庭暴力不仅指在有婚姻关系、身份关系的生活共同体中出现的暴力行为,而且还包括同居关系及婚姻关系终止后出现的暴力行为,如“事实家庭”、“同性恋家庭”、“离异家庭”、“准家庭”成员之间的暴力行为;从狭义上讲,特指发生在上述广义家庭中对女性所实施的一切暴力和虐待行为。对此,尝试用一种新的视域(宗教、社会和两性冲突等)来探讨家庭暴力的成因,对于增进妇女权益,维护家庭稳定和社会和谐具有积极的意义。