去神圣化：桂东南乡村社会的道公研究——以贵港市木梓镇为个案

道公在桂东南地区普遍存在,其所承载的信仰文化与乡土社会的俗世生活紧密关联。其发展过程因神灵信仰体系对地方民俗传统的顺应包容、科仪经典对儒家孝道伦理和佛教果报思想等多教合一的世俗化伦理取向、生存理性下农民道公做道的工具化,以及社会转型背景下市场经济体制的渗入及国家力量的深度介入等多方面因素而呈现出去神圣化特征。     

Attitudes toward home‐based employment for mothers of young children: Australian evidence

Kelley CGE, Kelley SMC, Evans MDR, Kelley J. Attitudes toward home‐based employment for mothers of young children: Australian evidence
Int J Soc Welfare 2010: 19: 33–44 © 2008 The Author(s), Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the International Journal of Social Welfare. People have mixed feelings about paid employment for mothers with young children. This might reflect opposition to women's work per se or, instead, fear that children are harmed by the mother's absence from the home. To find out, we developed new questions differentiating support for or opposition to mothers working for pay depending on whether the employment is home‐based or outside the home. Data from a large representative national sample of Australia (n= 1,324) show that public support for employment is about 30 percentage points greater if the mother works at home. Structural equation analyses show social differences in levels of support. Thus work at home provides a way of increasing labour force participation and earnings for mothers (with the welfare benefits that implies), which is congruent with public opinion.     

Should immigrants culturally assimilate or preserve their own culture? Host-society natives' beliefs and the longevity of national identity

We develop and empirically test a theory concerning host-society natives' beliefs about whether immigrants should culturally assimilate into the host society or preserve their own cultural norms. We argue that when national identity is a source of intrinsic utility, the longevity of national identity influences a national identity's perceived resilience to an ostensible immigrant threat and, thus, affects natives' beliefs about the need for immigrants' cultural assimilation. Empirical evidence based on data from countries of wider Europe supports our theory. An expert survey-based measure of the longevity of national identity, first, exhibits a robustly negative effect on the strength of natives' preferences in favor of immigrants' cultural assimilation and, second, is an important contextual moderating variable that shapes the effect of individual-level characteristics on their beliefs. Thus, host-society natives' beliefs about the necessity of immigrants' cultural assimilation versus accommodation of cultural diversity reflect a historically-rooted sense of national identity.     

Controllable superstition and its relationship with enduring and behavioural involvement in gambling

Superstition is a salient belief given the desire of individuals to control outcomes in daily life, particularly in the context of gambling. This study contributes to the literature by distinguishing controllable superstition from uncontrollable superstition. Furthermore, their relationships with enduring involvement and, subsequently, behavioural involvement, including gambling frequency and variety, are examined. Using partial least squares structural equation modelling, the analysis of data collected from 496 casino gamblers indicates that uncontrollable superstition has two sub-dimensions, which include impersonal outcome and personal state. Controllable superstition positively predicts gambling frequency and variety via enduring involvement, whereas uncontrollable superstition has no effect on enduring involvement. The findings indicate that superstition should not be treated as a unidimensional construct, as controllable and uncontrollable superstitions have different effects on consequential variables. Practical implications are provided for gambling regulators and casino operators.     

中国信仰的现代性问题——以国家公祭圣祖先贤为例

近年,中国人关于国祭、公祭的争论,实际上是表现了改革开放30年来中国人在意义建构与意义冲突层面上的重大问题.对于传统圣祖实行国祭或公祭的关键,不在于祭典的操办及其国家形式,而是在于作为一个民族国家的共同信仰的现代性构成,以及信仰构成的神圣资源、实践模式如何建构的问题.它们构成了以中国信仰认同为中心的现代性政治--文化方案.所以,国祭、公祭的争论焦点,进一步涉及的,是中国信仰的公私之辨,中国信仰与中国人的集体认同、社会认同甚至是政治认同的边界是否存在及如何建构等重大问题.国家公祭圣祖的现象,表达了中国当代信仰的差序格局、公私之辨及其社会化的必然要求.     

中国共产党领导高校教师队伍建设的发展历程与逻辑理路

高校教师队伍建设是高等教育发展的关键要素。回顾和总结中国共产党领导高校教师队伍建设的发展历程和历史经验,对全面深化新时代教师队伍建设改革、造就新时代高素质专业化创新型教师队伍具有重要意义。中国共产党成立以来领导高校教师队伍建设经历了四个历史时期：新民主主义革命时期,注重吸纳和补充师资力量,初步搭建起革命的教师队伍;社会主义革命和建设时期,从教育理念、教师进修、职称晋升等方面探索教师队伍建设途径;改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期,从教师准入制度、教师聘任制度、教师培训规范化等方面促进教师队伍建设制度化;中国特色社会主义新时代,全面深化教师队伍建设改革,更加注重师德师风建设。中国共产党在领导高校教师队伍建设过程中形成了四大经验：坚持以马克思主义为指导的理论逻辑,坚持与时代发展和祖国命运紧密相连的历史逻辑,坚持最大限度地激发教师活力的制度逻辑,坚持立德树人的价值逻辑。新时代高校教师队伍建设要汲取历史经验,以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导,加强思想政治引领,坚定教师的社会主义理想信念;加强制度建设,落实立德树人根本任务;注重教师发展需求,激发教师活力,增强教师幸福感。     

异质信念、卖空限制与风险资产价格

在考察投资者信念形成影响因素的基础上,提出了股票市场中投资者异质信念的假设,并据此推导出了一个基于异质信念的风险资产价格均衡模型.这一模型从理论上证明了对股票价格产生影响的不仅包括那些影响公司经营前景的因素,还包括投资者意见分歧的程度.根据这一模型可以对金融市场上许多异象提出一致的解释性假说.     

卖空机制是否降低了股价高估?

从异质信念的视角出发,以我国融券标的股票为研究样本,实证研究了股票卖空机制对股价高估的影响.研究发现:首先,卖空机制可以通过反映投资者的悲观情绪或负面信息降低股价高估;其次,卖空机制对股价高估的影响随着卖空机制的逐步深入逐步加深;最后,卖空者不仅会对市场上的公开信息进行加工处理,而且会通过挖掘公司的私有信息进行交易,这都有利于信息更好的融入股价.进一步研究表明卖空量越大,投资者越能够通过卖空反映其悲观情绪或负面信息降低股价高估;卖空者能够识别出高估的股票且具有私有信息.本文的研究为国内外关于卖空机制是否提高股票市场定价效率的争论提供了新的直接证据.同时,本文关于卖空者信息来源的结论也统一了前人在这两个问题上的争论.     

Re-authoring to Reconcile Religious Beliefs with Affectional Orientation: A Narrative Study

Narrative qualitative research design was used to understand the processes of three lesbians with Oneness Pentecostal backgrounds who reconciled their religious beliefs with their affectional orientation. The central question for this study was “How do lesbians with Oneness Pentecostal backgrounds describe their coming out processes, and how did they reconcile their religious beliefs and sexual orientations?” Participants’ stories revealed that reconciliation processes are unique and complicated. The narrative therapy reauthoring technique was combined with a feminist theoretical framework and used to analyze participants’ stories. Three unifying themes of reconciliation were the process of redefining (a) religious beliefs, (b) family, and (c) self.     

Within‐ and between‐individual variation in fathers’ emotional expressivity in Chinese families: Contributions of children’s emotional expressivity and fathers’ emotion‐related beliefs and perceptions

Parental emotion socialization is a dynamic process encompassing moment‐to‐moment fluctuations in parents’ emotional displays and responsiveness. This study attempted to examine the within‐ and between‐individual variation in fathers’ emotional expressivity during a real‐time father–child interaction in Chinese families. Eighty‐five children (M_age = 7.58 years, SD = 0.50 years, 47.1% boys) from east China and their biological fathers participated in the study. Fathers’ and children’s emotional expressivity were observed during a problem‐solving interaction task. Fathers’ beliefs about children’s negative emotions and fathers’ perceptions of their children’s emotion regulation ability were assessed via self‐report questionnaires. Results showed that (1) At the within‐individual level, fathers’ and children’s emotional expressivity covariated with each other in concurrent intervals when controlling for their emotional expressivity in previous intervals; fathers’ emotional expressivity gradually became less positive over time whereas children’s emotional expressivity did not change significantly over time; (2) At the between‐individual level, fathers’ perceptions of children’s emotion regulation accounted for the between‐individual variance in the dynamics of fathers’ emotional expressivity. These findings chart the dynamics of paternal emotion expressivity during father–child interactions and shed light on the relevant roles of children’s emotional expressivity and fathers’ emotion‐related beliefs and perceptions.